Tesway X5 AWD in Dark Green on a lit studio floor against a dark wall, side view, under the headline Step through. Two motors. and a badge reading 155 miles at 16 mph on the throttle, 180 lb rider, both motors, level

Step-thru frame · two hub motors, 2,000 W rated, 3,600 W peak · 200 N·m · 52 V 60 Ah, 3,120 Wh · 180–200 miles in Tesway's figures · 16 mph as delivered, 38 mph published · 119 lb · 400 lb payload · $1,799 · verified September 26, 2026

Quick Answer — Tesway builds the X5 AWD for riders who would rather step through a frame than swing a leg over it: two hub motors and a 3,120 Wh pack for $1,799. For a 180 lb rider on level pavement, a charge computes to about 155 miles at the 16 mph it ships set to, on the throttle with both motors.

Push the pace to 20 mph and the same charge covers about 121 miles; pedal lightly at 16 mph and it stretches to 214. Tesway's specification lists 180 miles on motor power alone and 200 with pedal assist, and the range tables work out your own ride.

Tesway's 2,000 W rating and its published 38 mph both sit past the 750 W and 20 mph lines in the federal and California e-bike definitions, which the class section quotes beside the bike.

All three colorways were orderable on our store on September 26, 2026 at $1,799 each: Dark Green here, Black and Gray, against a regular price of $2,699. Shipping is free inside the contiguous United States, and the X5/X7/C5 AWD Value Pack that Tesway lists at $168.94 ships with an order placed here.

Buy the X5 AWD in Dark Green

What this review covers

The specification · What it is · Fit · The motors · The battery · Range · Brakes and lights · Suspension and tires · Weight and payload · The Mercer fit test · UL · Recalls · Class · Trails · Green and red flags · The verdict · Checklist · Buying it from us · FAQ · Limitations · The bottom line · References

How we verified this Tesway X5 AWD review

We read every figure here on September 26, 2026, from Tesway's X5 AWD product page, its product record, the manual Tesway publishes for the X5 and X7 AWD, the dimension drawing on that page, our own listing and the statutes in the class section. Range and fit are calculated, and each section's formula names every input it uses.

The review is specification-verified: each number traces to Tesway, to a statute or to arithmetic printed on this page, and the range model first reproduces the published benchmarks it is built on. We sell the X5 AWD, so give the red flags the same weight as the green.

Written by Milad Ghobadibeygvand, BScN (Western University, 2014). Corrections: support@redtailebikes.com.

Tesway's X5 AWD specification, line by line

As Tesway publishes it
Frame aluminum alloy, non-foldable, a step-through (Tesway's "Step-Thru")
Motors a hub motor in each wheel: "Rated Power 52V 2000W", "Peak Power 52V 3600W"
Torque 200 N·m
Drive modes Single or Dual, chosen with the display's Info key
Battery 52 V 60 Ah, one pack, 29.8 lb on its own
Range 200 miles on pedal assist; 180 miles "Pure Electric Range"
Top speed, published 38 mph
Speed as delivered "Default Speed -16mph"
Pedal assist five levels, and 0 for none
Throttle half-twist, with cruise control
Walk assist 6 km/h, about 3.7 mph
Charger 58.8 V 8 A
Charge time "About 7 hours" on the product page; 6 hours from empty in the manual
Brakes four-piston hydraulic, front and rear, on 203 mm × 2.3 mm rotors
Fork dual-crown, 120 mm of travel, hydraulic lockout
Rear suspension "Rear Spring Suspension", a coil shock
Tires 20 × 4.0 Kenda fat tires with reflective side strips
Gears Shimano 7-speed derailleur and shifter; 52T chainring with a double chain cover
Display full-color LCD with an NFC lock and a USB charging port
Lights motorcycle-style headlight with an integrated horn; a taillight that brightens under braking
Weight 119 lb (54 kg)
Payload 400 lb (181 kg)
Rider height 5'3" to 6'5", on Tesway's drawing
Seat height 33.5 to 40 in, on the same drawing
Length and wheelbase 73.2 in overall, 51.2 in between the axles
In the box the bike, battery, charger, manual, toolkit, headlight, display, both fenders, horn, seat, two reflectors, two NFC cards and pedals; the detail block also lists two keys

Most rows come from Tesway's X5 AWD page as it read on September 26, 2026, the height window, seat range and lengths from the dimension drawing lower on that page, and the drive modes, assist levels, throttle, cruise control, walk assist and 6-hour charge from the manual. The 3,120 Wh is the pack's 52 V multiplied by its 60 Ah.

Two driven wheels on a frame you step through

Tesway names the bike for the way you get on it. Its US product title reads "TESWAY X5 AWD Step-Thru E-Bike – Easy Mount 3600W Dual Motor": the frame drops low between the seat post and the head tube, so you step through it instead of lifting a leg over a top tube, and a hub motor turns each wheel.

The Tesway X5 AWD in Black from the front three-quarter view, showing the round headlight between the fork legs, the low dip in the frame, the pack under the seat post and the gold-reservoir rear shock under the rack

Black, from the front: the round headlight between the fork legs, the low dip in the frame, the pack under the seat post and the gold-reservoir shock under the rack.

Tesway's FAQ draws the line against its step-over sibling in one sentence: "The main difference between X5 AWD and X7 AWD is the exterior design of the frame." It then adds, "Other functions are the same." Our Tesway X7 AWD review covers the step-over version of this drive: the same motors and pack on a top tube you swing a leg across.

We were looking at the Tesway x7 but then they came out with the x5 and we were definetly impressed with the ease of mount and dismount on the x5.

An X5 AWD owner's review on Tesway's product page, quoted as written.

The Tesway X5 AWD in Black from the drive side, showing the chainring under its guard, the Shimano derailleur, the pack low in the frame and X5 on the rack's side panel

The drive side in Black: the chainring under its guard, the Shimano derailleur, the pack low in the frame and "X5" on the rack's side panel.

Measured on Tesway's side photograph, the top edge of that dip sits 15.9 inches above the floor at its lowest, and that edge is what your foot passes over as you mount. The rack is 29.2 inches up on Tesway's drawing and the bike runs 73.2 inches end to end: two motors and 3,120 Wh on a frame you step through, with a flat rack for the shopping.

Does the X5 AWD fit your height?

On the 33.5 to 40-inch seat Tesway prints, the saddle reaches the fit formula's height for 91 or more of every 100 riders from 5'2" to 5'8", 60 of 100 at 5'10" and 17 of 100 at 6'0"; Tesway's recommended window runs from 5'3" to 6'5".

The bars rise high enough that the median rider sits 0 to 2 degrees off vertical, and with a relaxed back the hands hold 5 to 7 percent of body weight. The figures come from setting each of the 6,068 bodies in the US Army's 2012 anthropometric survey on the X5's geometry, with every saddle at 109% of inseam.

Three steps put you in the right row:

  1. Get your inseam. In socks, stand against a wall, slide a hardback book up snug between your legs the way a saddle would sit, and read the distance from the floor to the book's top edge.
  2. Read across your height's row in the tables below, and check that your inseam falls inside its range; above a 34.0-inch inseam the saddle is already at the top of its post.
  3. Finish the setting at home with the knee and heel checks in the setup answer.

Lower on Tesway's X5 AWD page, a dimension drawing prints the frame's fit figures.

What the drawing gives Tesway's figure
Recommended heights 5'3" to 6'5"
Seat height 33.5 to 40 in
"Standing height" 22.8 in
Handlebar height 45.3 in
Reach 18.1 in
Wheelbase 51.2 in
Load capacity 400 lb

Tesway's X5 AWD dimension drawing: recommended heights 5'3" to 6'5", 400 lb load capacity, 119 lb weight, and a side view marked with total length, handlebar height, wheelbase, minimum and maximum seat heights, chainstay, standing height, reach, wheel diameter and shelf height

Tesway's X5 AWD drawing, from its product page. Held against Tesway's side photograph at the 51.2-inch wheelbase scale, three of its lengths agree within 3.5 percent, as the controls table below shows.

How high does the X5 AWD's saddle go?

High enough for most riders up to 5'8"; at 5'10" it serves about three riders in five, and from 6'0" up most riders run out of post before the formula's height. The formula puts the top of the saddle at 109% of inseam above the pedal axle (Peveler et al., 2005), and published work accepts 106% as a lower setting (Ferrer-Roca et al., 2012).

Where that lands above the floor depends on three things Tesway does not publish, each measured on its photograph: the crank axle 11.5 inches up, a 7.1-inch crank, and a seat post at 72.1° to the horizontal.

Your height Typical inseam Saddle height, median rider At 109% At 106%
5'2" 28.0–31.1 in 35.4 in 97 of 100 85 of 100
5'4" 29.1–32.2 in 36.4 in 100 of 100 99 of 100
5'6" 30.2–33.5 in 37.6 in 98 of 100 99 of 100
5'8" 31.1–34.3 in 38.6 in 91 of 100 99 of 100
5'10" 32.2–35.5 in 39.8 in 60 of 100 88 of 100
6'0" 33.2–36.7 in 41.0 in 17 of 100 51 of 100
6'2" 34.3–37.5 in 42.1 in 2 of 100 14 of 100
6'4" 36.3–39.1 in 43.8 in 0 of 100 0 of 100

The typical rider's floor-to-saddle height at each height, and how many riders of 100 have 109% and 106% settings inside the 33.5 to 40 inches on Tesway's drawing; Army survey bodies, men and women together. The riders the post leaves short sit a median of about 1.2 inches low at 6'0", 2.2 at 6'2" and 3.8 at 6'4".

The top of the post matches 109% of a 34.0-inch inseam, and 106% of a 34.9-inch one. Past those, the saddle stays at its limit and the knee bends deeper at the bottom of each stroke than the formula would set it; at 5'10" the riders beyond the limit sit a median of about 0.6 inches low.

Short riders meet the opposite limit. The lowest setting, 33.5 inches, equals 109% of a 27.7-inch inseam, so for a shorter inseam the saddle still sits higher than the formula wants; riders near 5'2" should hold their own inseam against that figure first.

Can I put a foot down on the step-through at a stop?

Yes, easily: at every height in the table, 95 of 100 riders clear the 22.8 inches Tesway's drawing labels "Standing height" by 5.2 inches or more, and the frame's lowest point measures 15.9 inches.

The two figures describe different points. On a step-through, the part your foot passes over is the low dip in front of the seat, measured at 15.9 inches on Tesway's photograph at the wheelbase scale; the drawing does not say where it takes its 22.8 inches, so the table prints both.

Your height Typical inseam Clearance at 22.8 in At 15.9 in
5'2" 29.5 in 5.2 in 12.1 in
5'4" 30.5 in 6.3 in 13.1 in
5'6" 31.7 in 7.4 in 14.3 in
5'8" 32.6 in 8.3 in 15.2 in
5'10" 33.8 in 9.4 in 16.3 in
6'0" 34.9 in 10.4 in 17.2 in
6'2" 36.0 in 11.5 in 18.4 in
6'4" 37.6 in 13.5 in 20.3 in

Barefoot inseam minus each figure: 22.8 inches as Tesway's drawing labels it, and 15.9 inches measured at the frame's lowest point on its photograph. At least 95 of every 100 riders at that height have the clearance a cell shows.

Does the cockpit feel cramped or stretched?

Neither, for most riders: the grips sit 33.5 to 35.2 inches above the crank axle and 11.0 to 14.5 inches ahead of it, so the median rider leans 0 to 2 degrees from vertical. Asked to rank three trunk angles, twenty recreational cyclists rated the most upright one the most comfortable (Priego Quesada et al., 2017).

Each lean below is the smallest trunk angle at which a straight arm meets the grip from the sit bones, worked out from the torso and arm lengths of every survey body. At the shortest heights and the tallest, the median rider reaches the grips without leaning; the last column shows how far sitting back on the saddle, or holding another point of the grip, moves that.

Your height Lean from upright, median rider Across saddle and grip positions
5'2" 0° 0–9°
5'4" 0° 0–9°
5'6" 0° 0–10°
5'8" 1° 0–11°
5'10" 2° 0–12°
6'0" 2° 0–12°
6'2" 1° 0–10°
6'4" 0° 0–8°

How far the median rider at each height leans from vertical at mid-saddle, and the span between sitting forward and sitting back, across the bracket on the grip position.

How much of my weight lands on my hands?

At most 5 to 7 percent of your body weight, with the back fully relaxed. For scale, 10 road racers riding on the brake hoods in a laboratory put 15% of their weight on the bars (Carahalios, 2015); the X5's high grips keep the median rider's relaxed-back figure below that at every height in the table.

Leaning forward shifts the load onto the heel of the hand, where the ulnar nerve runs, and across 36 riders the pressure there peaked in the most stretched-out hand position (Slane et al., 2011). In that study, padded gloves lowered palm pressure by 10 to 28%.

Your height Share of your weight, back relaxed Median rider's weight On each hand
5'2" 5% (5–11%) 139 lb about 3 lb
5'4" 5% (5–11%) 147 lb about 4 lb
5'6" 5% (5–12%) 166 lb about 4 lb
5'8" 6% (5–12%) 179 lb about 5 lb
5'10" 6% (5–13%) 192 lb about 6 lb
6'0" 7% (5–13%) 204 lb about 6 lb
6'2" 6% (5–12%) 216 lb about 6 lb
6'4" 5% (5–11%) 220 lb about 5 lb

The hands' share of body weight at most, back relaxed, from each body's segment weights (Clauser et al., 1969) at the survey's median weight for that height; the bracket spans the saddle and grip positions.

How should I set the saddle on day one?

Raise it until the knee keeps a 25 to 35 degree bend with the pedal at its lowest point (Peveler et al., 2007). The manual's safety check asks you to confirm that "the seat is adjusted properly" and leaves the height to the rider.

For a quick first setting, rest your heel on the pedal at the bottom and raise the saddle until that leg is just straight. In 19 cyclists that heel method put 70% inside the target range, a better hit rate than either inseam formula in the same study (Peveler et al., 2005).

How we computed fit

Three rules sit under this section: the saddle goes 1.09 × inseam above the pedal axle; the lean is the smallest trunk angle at which a straight arm meets the grip; and the hand load is the upper body's weight, times its lean, over the reach to the grip.

Worked through for a 5'8" rider with the median 32.6-inch inseam, the formula asks for 35.6 inches from the pedal, 28.5 inches above the crank axle once the crank is taken off, and a floor-to-saddle height of 38.6 inches, inside the post's 40.

LeMond's rule lands a little higher on this frame. Its 88.3% of inseam from the crank axle gives 28.8 inches, and with the crank added that comes to 110.2% of inseam from the pedal, against the 109.2 ± 0.9% Peveler and colleagues report; the difference traces to the crank length read off the photograph.

Input Value Source
Rider bodies 6,068 (4,082 men, 1,986 women) US Army ANSUR II, 2012
Saddle formula 109% of inseam; range 106–110.4% Peveler et al., 2005; Ferrer-Roca et al., 2012
Seat height 33.5–40 in, from the ground Tesway's drawing
Crank length 7.1 in (6.9–7.3) measured on Tesway's side photograph
Crank axle height 11.5 in (11.2–11.7) measured on Tesway's side photograph
Seatpost angle 72.1° (69.1–75.1°) measured on Tesway's side photograph
Grip center 11.0–14.5 in ahead, 33.5–35.2 in above the crank axle measured on Tesway's side photograph
Standover 22.8 in listed; 15.9 in measured Tesway's drawing; measured on its photograph
Segment weights head and trunk 58.0%, each arm 4.9% of body weight Clauser et al., 1969

Tesway publishes no crank length, crank height, seatpost angle or grip position, so the model reads all four off Tesway's side photograph, scaled by the 51.2-inch wheelbase between the axle centers, once the photograph has been checked against Tesway's own lengths.

Dimension Tesway lists Measured on its photograph (white studio background) Gap
tire (wheel) diameter 23.2 in 22.7 in −2.0%
total length 73.2 in 73.9 in +1.0%
standover (drawing 'Standing height') 22.8 in 15.9 in −30.1%
handlebar height, grip-center mean 45.3 in 45.8 in +1.2%
handlebar height, top of the cockpit 45.3 in 48.8 in +7.7%
chainstay (rear axle to crank spindle) 23.6 in 22.4 in −5.0%

Three of Tesway's lengths agree with the photograph within 3.5 percent: the wheel, the overall length and the handlebar height read at the grips' center. Read at the top of the cockpit, the handlebar reading is not counted; the chainstay and the drawing's "Standing height" do not match the photograph, and the step table prints both standing figures.

Caught between two rows, or taller than 5'10"? Email your height and inseam to support@redtailebikes.com and we will run them through this fit model before you order. Gray is $1,799, as is Black.

Buy the Gray X5 AWD

The motors: 2,000 W as a pair, 3,600 W at peak

Tesway's specification table prints "52V 2000W | Peak 52V 3600W" and 200 N·m, and its detail block repeats the pair as "Rated Power 52V 2000W | Peak Power 52V 3600W". A peak is a short surge; the rated figure is the load the motors are built to sustain, and it is the number the class section turns on.

This model's own page divides the rating between the wheels: "Dual 1000W motors combine for 3600W peak power", with 200 N·m of torque. Read that way each hub is rated at 1,000 W, and the range formula also runs 2,000 W a motor, the reading that the X7 AWD page's "Dual 2000W motors deliver a combined peak power of 3600W" would support.

The front wheel of a Tesway X5 AWD: the hub motor inside the spokes, the disc rotor behind it and the reflective stripe on the Kenda tire's sidewall, under the front fender

The front wheel's hub motor inside the spokes, with the disc rotor behind it and the reflective stripe on the Kenda's sidewall.

One key on the display chooses one motor or two. The manual calls them the "Single and Dual Drive modes" and switches them with the Info key. Up a 6% grade at 12 to 16 mph the pair draws 17 to 19% less than a single motor, and on level ground the two settings stay within 4% of each other (the drive-mode table).

Because each motor sits in a wheel hub, the chain and gears do not drive it: shifting changes how fast your legs turn and leaves the motors turning at road speed, as our e-bike motor guide explains for hub motors. What you take from the pack depends on the effort you add, which the effort table sets out.

The half-twist throttle drives the bike with no pedaling, and the manual's cruise control holds your speed "in the pure electric mode" after a long press of the minus key.

Pedal assist has five levels plus 0, and walk assist rolls the bike at 6 km/h while you push it; the manual reserves that mode "only for use when pushing the electric bike" and says not to use it while riding.

For a two-motor step-through on a larger pack, our Eahora Juliet Pro II review sets out a pair of 2,200 W hubs on 4,200 Wh; our e-bike motor guide explains hub and mid-drive motors, and our dual-motor guide compares two-motor bikes side by side.

The battery: 52 V × 60 Ah = 3,120 Wh

Multiply 52 volts by 60 amp-hours and the pack holds 3,120 watt-hours for both motors, the lights and the display. Tesway's detail block weighs the pack at 29.8 lb (13.5 kg), so with it out the bike comes to about 89 lb of its 119.

The Tesway X5 AWD in Gray from the front right, the pack behind the seat post under the saddle with its handle on top, the rack running back from it and the Kenda tires

Gray, from the front right: the pack sits behind the seat post under the saddle, its handle on top, with the rack running back from it.

The pack is keyed. The manual has you insert the key, hold it down and turn it counterclockwise to free the pack, and warns that "the battery is quite heavy". Copy the second key the week the bike arrives: the manual says that with both keys lost the pack cannot come out, and a replacement lock cylinder is $25.99 in our Tesway parts collection.

Charge it where the air sits between 32 and 104 °F, the window the manual sets for riding, storing and charging, and start a charge "when the power is less than 20 percent", as it recommends. The manual adds that "Leaving it connected for overnight charging is OK", and for a pack that will sit unused it says to "charge it fully and recharge it every month".

From flat, the boxed 58.8 V 8 A charger needs 6 hours by the manual's count and "About 7 hours" by the product page's table. Asked whether to drain the pack before charging, Tesway's X5 FAQ answers "No, you should not", and adds: "Our batteries have built-in mechanisms that protect them from overcharging."

On life, the manual expects "600 charging and discharging cycles" under normal use. On September 26, 2026 a second 52 V 60 Ah pack cost $799 in our Tesway parts collection, and the 58.8 V 8 A charger $169.

How far the X5 AWD goes, ride by ride

On level pavement, a full pack carries a 180 lb rider about 155 miles at 16 mph on the throttle with both motors, about 121 at 20 mph, and about 214 at 16 mph with easy pedaling. Climbing an 8% grade at 10 mph on the throttle, the same charge lasts about 32 miles.

Your own figure takes three steps:

  1. Pick your speed and effort from the first two tables.
  2. For climbing at 10 mph on 4 to 10% grades, budget 170 to 210 Wh of the pack per 1,000 feet on the throttle, or 154 to 193 with easy pedaling (the hills table).
  3. Adjust for what you carry and the temperature, then plan on using 80% of the pack.

Behind every table is one steady ride built from Tesway's specifications, a comparable hub motor's published figures, drum measurements of ten fat tires and a cycling-power model validated on a real road. The formula subsection shows the equation, works one ride through it and compares the model with two riders' days.

How much range does speed cost? Miles at each speed

Speed moves the figure fast: on the throttle, a full charge covers 218 miles at 10 mph and 121 at 20. Between 16 and 20 mph the figure falls from 155 to 121 miles, because the power the air takes climbs with the cube of speed, and (20 ÷ 16)³ makes 20 mph cost about 1.95 times the air power of 16.

Speed, flat Per mile Full charge With 20% kept
10 mph 14.3 Wh 218 mi 174 mi
12 mph 15.9 Wh 196 mi 157 mi
15 mph 19.0 Wh 164 mi 132 mi
16 mph 20.2 Wh 155 mi 124 mi
18 mph 22.8 Wh 137 mi 109 mi
20 mph 25.8 Wh 121 mi 97 mi
25 mph 34.8 Wh 90 mi 72 mi
28 mph 41.3 Wh 76 mi 60 mi
32 mph 51.5 Wh 61 mi 48 mi

Throttle only, both motors, level pavement, a 180 lb rider, 77 °F air. The 16 mph row is the speed the X5 ships at, and faster rows need a setting past that default, which the class section covers. The last column holds 20% back, the level at which the manual suggests charging.

Light pedaling pays off on the flat: 75 W from your legs lifts the 16 mph figure from 155 miles to 214. Easy pedaling here means 75 W and steady pedaling 150 W. With the motors off, 75 W alone would push this bike to about 8.4 mph on level ground and 150 W to about 12.6, so choose the column that matches what you could keep up unaided.

Speed, flat Throttle only Easy pedaling (75 W) Steady pedaling (150 W)
16 mph 155 mi 214 mi 337 mi
18 mph 137 mi 175 mi 240 mi
20 mph 121 mi 147 mi 185 mi
25 mph 90 mi 100 mi 114 mi
28 mph 76 mi 82 mi 90 mi
32 mph 61 mi 64 mi 69 mi

Miles from a full pack on level pavement, 180 lb rider, both motors. Easy pedaling at 16 mph costs the pack 14.6 Wh per mile; the throttle alone costs 20.2. The 337-mile cell has your legs doing more of the work than the motors, which puts weight on the least-checked part of the model, its motor losses at light load (Limitations item 5).

The assist level decides how much the motors add to your effort, and in these sums nothing else, so read the row for the speed you ride and the effort you put in. The manual's range tips agree, starting with "Frequent changes in speed will consume more energy."

Gears, effort and the Single/Dual switch

Shift for your knees, and pedal to spare the pack. With a motor in each hub, a gear change alters your cadence and leaves the motors' load unchanged; hold a speed and a grade, and the pack's draw falls as your effort rises:

Your ride Throttle only Easy pedaling (75 W) Steady pedaling (150 W)
16 mph, flat 20.2 Wh 14.6 Wh 9.3 Wh
20 mph, flat 25.8 Wh 21.3 Wh 16.9 Wh
12 mph, 4% grade 50.5 Wh 40.7 Wh 31.5 Wh
12 mph, 8% grade 94.4 Wh 82.1 Wh 70.5 Wh

Pack watt-hours per mile, 180 lb rider, 77 °F air, both motors; easy pedaling is 75 W from the rider and steady pedaling 150 W.

The rear hub motor of a Dark Green Tesway X5 AWD beside the 7-speed cassette and a Shimano Tourney derailleur, with the rear disc rotor and caliper and the coil shock's spring above the wheel

The rear hub motor beside the 7-speed cassette and a Shimano Tourney derailleur on a Dark Green frame, with the coil shock's spring above the wheel.

The Single/Dual switch is the other lever. On the flat one motor and two cost within a few percent of each other; on a climb two motors sharing the work each stay closer to their efficient load, and the pair draws less:

Your ride Both motors One motor Both motors vs one
12 mph, flat 15.9 Wh 15.5 Wh +3%
12 mph, 6% grade 71.2 Wh 87.8 Wh −19%
16 mph, flat 20.2 Wh 20.1 Wh 0%
16 mph, 6% grade 72.7 Wh 87.2 Wh −17%
20 mph, flat 25.8 Wh 26.3 Wh −2%
20 mph, 6% grade 77.3 Wh past one motor's rating —
25 mph, flat 34.8 Wh 36.3 Wh −4%
25 mph, 6% grade 86.5 Wh past one motor's rating —

Throttle-only draw in pack watt-hours per mile for a 180 lb rider. "Past one motor's rating" marks a ride that one motor holds only beyond its rated output in the model. The manual does not say which wheel drives in Single mode, and the model treats both hubs alike.

Level riding therefore costs about the same either way, and hilly riding costs less with both motors on. Use the seven gears to keep your cadence comfortable, and the low ones to start and to climb.

How much battery does a hill take?

A lot: at 10 mph on the throttle up 4 to 10% grades, each 1,000 feet of climbing uses 170 to 210 Wh more than the same distance on the flat, or 154 to 193 with easy pedaling. Lifting you and the bike takes 54 to 66% of the throttle figure, and the motors and the pack lose the rest; the manual's own tip is that "Rough road conditions and hilly terrain will consume more energy."

With a 180 lb rider aboard, the 119 lb X5 AWD makes 299 lb to lift, and raising that load 1,000 feet takes 113 Wh at the wheel.

Up 8% at 10 mph on the throttle, the pack spends 197 Wh for every 1,000 feet, so all 3,120 Wh would lift you about 15,900 feet with nothing left for the level. Descents earn nothing back in the model, which keeps a hill budget on the safe side.

Grade Wh a mile Miles, throttle Miles, easy pedaling Top steady speed
2% 31 Wh 101 mi 153 mi 32.5 mph
4% 50 Wh 62 mi 82 mi 31.4 mph
6% 72 Wh 43 mi 54 mi 28.6 mph
8% 97 Wh 32 mi 38 mi 26.0 mph
10% 125 Wh 25 mi 29 mi 23.6 mph
12% 155 Wh 20 mi 23 mi 21.5 mph
15% 206 Wh 15 mi 17 mi 18.8 mph

Figures at 10 mph, 180 lb aboard, both motors. Every column is throttle only except the fourth, where the rider adds 75 W of easy pedaling. The last column gives the fastest steady speed the pair can hold on the throttle at its rated output on that grade in the model, higher than the 16 mph the X5 ships at on every row.

For a hilly day, add the climbing to the level miles. A ride of 20 level miles at 16 mph on the throttle, about 403 Wh, plus a 1,000-foot climb at 8%, about 197 Wh more, spends near 600 Wh of the pack's 3,120. Wind and stops come on top, since every mile in the model is ridden at one steady pace.

How much range does a heavier load cost?

Load barely matters on the level and matters a great deal on a climb. It adds to the tires' and the grade's share of the work and nothing to the air's, so the gap between light and heavy widens as the road climbs; the manual puts it simply: "Carrying more weight on the E-bike will consume more energy."

You plus your load 16 mph flat, throttle 20 mph flat, throttle 8% climb, 10 mph
130 lb 165 mi 127 mi 40 mi
180 lb 155 mi 121 mi 32 mi
230 lb 145 mi 115 mi 26 mi
280 lb 137 mi 110 mi 22 mi
400 lb 120 mi 98 mi 15 mi

The rider plus everything carried; the bike's own 119 lb is added in every row. Throttle only, both motors. The 400 lb row is Tesway's payload rating for the X5 AWD.

Going from 180 lb to 400 lb aboard takes the level 16 mph ride from 155 miles to 120, and the 8% climb from 32 miles to 15. A full load therefore costs more than a fifth of the level range and about half of the climbing range, because on a grade the extra weight has to be lifted (the hills section).

Heavier owners describe how it pulls. One wrote on Tesway's page: "I am a larger guy (265 lbs) the x5 awd pulls me just fine".

How much range does cold weather take?

More with each drop in temperature. The 16 mph throttle ride worth 155 miles at 77 °F comes to about 123 at 32 °F, the lowest temperature Tesway sets for riding and charging.

Air Pack energy vs 77 °F 16 mph flat, throttle Inside Tesway's 32–104 °F range
95 °F 99% 161 mi yes
77 °F 100% 155 mi yes
68 °F 98% 147 mi yes
50 °F 93% 133 mi yes
41 °F 91% 127 mi yes
32 °F 89% (80–93) 123 mi (110–129) yes
14 °F 82% (40–83) 112 mi (54–112) no: below it

Level ground, 180 lb aboard, both motors. The middle figure in each row uses McMaster University's measured LG HG2 cell, recomputed at a 0.5C discharge from the lab's runs at 77, 50, 32 and 14 °F; the rows between are interpolated, and the cells are taken to be at air temperature.

Brackets mark how far published cell data disagree. At the low end is the least capacity a Samsung data sheet gives at that temperature for discharge at one to four times capacity per hour (25R and 30Q at 32 °F, 35E at 14 °F); at the high end, the most energy Casado and colleagues recorded in 2025 at a slower rate.

Freezing brings three losses together. The cells return about 89% of their 77 °F energy, 80 to 93% across sources, and air at 32 °F is about 9% denser under the gas law in the U.S. Standard Atmosphere.

Stiffer rubber is the third: the model adds 0.5% rolling resistance for each °F below 77 °F (0.9% per °C), a rate between Rothhämel's fit for a 42 mm tire and Bicycle Rolling Resistance's road-tire average, and holds the 41 °F value at colder temperatures.

The 14 °F row falls below Tesway's floor, and the manual is firm about charging outside the window: "Never charge the battery when ambient temperatures are outside this range." It also asks owners to "Avoid parking your E-bike outside when there is rain or snow", so in winter the X5 lives indoors between rides.

Do fat tires cost range? Pressure and posture

On the flat, your choice of tire moves range further than the way you sit. Bicycle Rolling Resistance's drum measured ten 26 × 4.00 fat tires between 23.2 and 42.1 W at 12 psi, 18 mph and a 94 lb load. The X5's 20 × 4.0 Kenda has no drum reading, so the model takes the middle of the ten, a coefficient of 0.0105, with Kenda's own Juggernaut Pro as the slow case.

Rolling resistance 16 mph flat, throttle 20 mph flat, throttle
0.0070 · the lowest of ten fat tires on the drum 178 mi 135 mi
0.0105 · the median of ten fat tires (used) 155 mi 121 mi
0.0126 · a Kenda Juggernaut Pro, the heaviest-rolling Kenda fat tire on the drum 144 mi 114 mi

Full-pack miles for a 180 lb rider on level ground with both motors. Kenda's Juggernaut Pro measures 0.01262 on its own test page.

For pressure, the manual sends you to the tire: "Ensure tires are inflated to the recommended PSI. The detailed tire information on the tires." In Tesway's own close-up of the X5's rear wheel, the Kenda's sidewall reads "MIN 5–MAX 30 P.S.I.", and the drum figures above were taken at 12 psi. The manual adds that "Keeping the tires properly inflated and keeping the E-bike clean and well lubricated will save energy."

Loose ground is in no drum table; email us the route and we will model it. Posture counts for more as speed rises: Tengattini and Bigazzi measured 0.640 m² of drag area for 37 upright cruiser riders, the figure used here for a cockpit whose median rider sits 0 to 2 degrees off vertical, and 0.603 m² for 90 everyday mountain-bike riders, which would take the 20 mph throttle ride from 121 miles to 126.

Tesway's 180 and 200 miles, set against steady rides

Both of Tesway's range figures match a steady ride in the model. The specification lists 200 miles on pedal assist and 180 as "Pure Electric Range", and the detail block prints "180-200Miles".

Tesway's figure Throttle only Easy pedaling (75 W) Steady pedaling (150 W)
Pedal assist, 200 miles about 11.7 mph about 16.7 mph about 19.4 mph
Pure electric, 180 miles about 13.5 mph about 17.8 mph about 20.3 mph

The steady level-ground speed at which a 180 lb rider on both motors would spend all 3,120 Wh over Tesway's distance: 200 miles allows 15.6 Wh a mile, and 180 miles 17.3.

Read that way, Tesway's 200 miles corresponds to easy pedaling near 17 mph, and its 180 to the throttle near 13.5 mph. At 16 mph, the model's throttle ride of 155 miles lands below both, and its easy-pedaling ride of 214 miles above them.

Plan on 80% of the figure that matches your ride. The manual suggests charging "when the power is less than 20 percent", and planning on the other 80% keeps that reserve in the pack. At 16 mph on the throttle, the plan is 124 miles of the full 155.

Pick your row, keep a fifth of the pack in hand, and add the hills. Each 1,000 feet of climbing at 10 mph takes 170 to 210 Wh on the throttle and less with pedaling. For 180 lb on level pavement, the planning figure is 124 miles at 16 mph on the throttle and 97 at 20.

A day of 20 flat miles at 16 mph plus 1,000 feet of 8% climbing uses about 600 Wh on the throttle, well within the 2,496 Wh that 80% of the pack holds. Email us the distance, the climbing, your weight with gear and your usual speed, and we will work out the ride before you order. Black is $1,799, and so is Dark Green.

Buy the Black X5 AWD

The formula behind every range figure

A steady speed needs a steady flow of power at the rear wheel, and Martin and colleagues' 1998 model, validated on an open road, gives it in one line for a constant speed in still air:

Wheel power = v × [ m × g × (Crr × cos θ + sin θ) + ½ × ρ × CdA × v² ]

Here v is road speed, m the mass of rider, cargo and bike together, g gravity, θ the slope's angle, Crr the tires' rolling resistance (0.0105 means a drag of 1.05% of the weight on the tires), ρ the air's density and CdA the rider's drag area, a measure of how much air is pushed aside.

In Martin and colleagues' equation, the first bracketed term covers the tires and the slope and the second the air, and once multiplied by v the air's share grows with the cube of speed.

Four stages sit between the wheel and the pack:

  1. Your legs reach the rear wheel through the chain at 97.7% efficiency, Martin and colleagues' figure, and the motors supply the rest.
  2. Two hub motors split the motors' share evenly in Dual mode; in Single mode one carries all of it.
  3. Each motor follows a comparable motor's published figures. The comparable motor is Bafang's RM G0H0 hub, which the 2021 OEM workbook lists at 510 rpm unloaded (n0), 426 rpm at its rating (nT), 1,000 W at 48 V and an efficiency of "≥ 80" percent. Scaled up to Tesway's 52 V on a 23.2-inch wheel, the unloaded speed becomes 38.1 mph, next to the 38 mph Tesway publishes; the model pins its unloaded speed at Tesway's 38 and takes 80% at the rated point, with efficiency falling as the load lightens.
  4. The pack keeps a little of its energy as internal loss, following the efficiency Arango, Lopez and Ceren measured on a 48 V pack.

From there, watt-hours per mile = battery watts ÷ mph, and miles = 3,120 Wh × the fraction of pack energy available at that temperature ÷ watt-hours per mile.

Input Value used Where it comes from
Bike 119 lb Tesway's specification
Rider and cargo 180 lb; the weight table also runs 130, 230, 280 and 400 400 lb is the payload in Tesway's detail block
Battery 52 V × 60 Ah = 3,120 Wh Tesway's specification
Motors two, each 1,000 W at its rated speed, 38 mph unloaded, 80% at the rated point, torque capped at 100 N·m Bafang OEM workbook 2021, RM G0H0; Tesway's 38 mph and 200 N·m
Wheel 23.2 inches across the "Wheel Diameter" on Tesway's drawing
Rolling resistance 0.0105, the median of ten 26 × 4.00 fat tires at 12 psi Bicycle Rolling Resistance
Drag area 0.640 m², 37 upright cruiser riders Tengattini and Bigazzi, 2018
Chain 97.7%, your pedaling only Martin et al., 1998
Battery losses 2.9% at 16 mph, more at climbing currents Arango, Lopez and Ceren, 2021
Air 77 °F at sea-level pressure, 1.184 kg/m³ U.S. Standard Atmosphere, 1976
Cold the share of a cell's energy left at each temperature McMaster University's LG HG2 cell data

Worked through for a single ride: 180 lb on board, 16 mph on level pavement, both motors, throttle only. The tires take 100.3 W and the air 138.6 W, 238.9 W in all at the wheels.

At 16 mph the 23.2-inch wheels turn at 232 rpm. The motor model (0.902 N·m of torque per amp, a 0.356 Ω winding and a 1.02 A no-load current, each derived from Bafang's published figures) has each motor making 4.9 N·m on 6.5 A at 76% efficiency, below its 80% because the load is light, so the pair draws 313.2 W.

Adding the pack's own losses, the battery delivers 322.7 W, or 20.17 Wh a mile at 16 mph; 3,120 ÷ 20.17 is about 154.7 miles, or 123.8 with 20% held back.

Three published benchmarks, reproduced. Each piece of the model returns the figure its source prints:

Check Published figure This model
Road physics, Martin and colleagues' worked example 45.7 W for tires and grade, 158.8 W for the air 45.7 W and 158.8 W
The comparable motor at Bafang's rated point at least 80% efficient 80%
Bafang's no-load speed at Tesway's 52 V on the 23.2-inch wheel Tesway's 38 mph top speed 38.1 mph

Reproduced by the model's self-test from Appendix I of Martin and colleagues (8.36 m/s, a 90 kg system, a 0.3% grade), from the RM G0H0's rated point in Bafang's workbook, and from its 510 rpm at 48 V scaled to 52 V.

Two riders' days against the model. A 180 lb rider filmed an X5/X7 AWD throttle test on both motors "essentially in the highest speeds": 42 miles in Florida, ending at 41% on the display, a pace toward roughly 71 miles if the gauge reads energy evenly. Between 28 and 32 mph the model gives that rider 61 to 76 miles.

The second ride is on the X5's step-over twin, which Tesway says shares everything but the frame: an X7 AWD on pedal assist 5 with both motors, capped at 16 mph and "fully loaded up" with camping and camera gear on a paved Idaho rail trail, stopped at 86.3 miles with one bar showing.

The model's steady 16 mph rows promise far more than that day delivered: 120 to 155 miles on the throttle for 180 to 400 lb. The ride added what the rows leave out, a load the rider did not weigh, "this steep hill", cool valleys and the stops of a full day, so for a loaded tour on pedal assist, plan closer to that rider's 86.3 miles than to the table.

Stopping, lighting and the NFC display

Tesway specifies four-piston hydraulic brakes at both wheels on 203 mm × 2.3 mm rotors, and says they "provide strong, consistent braking performance". The manual's pre-ride check includes the pads: "Check brake pads and ensure the brake pad material isn’t thinner than the backing plate it attaches to."

Pads made for the X5 AWD were $20.99 for one pair and $39.99 for two in our Tesway parts collection on September 26, 2026.

The headlight of a Dark Green Tesway X5 AWD: an LED ring around three lenses, clamped between the fork's upper legs, with the coiled cable beside it

The headlight on a Dark Green X5: an LED ring around three lenses, clamped between the fork's upper legs.

For light, Tesway's page lists a motorcycle-style headlight with an "integrated horn, 99LM auto-sensing illumination, and rugged IPX6 waterproof design", and a taillight that "Auto-brightens during braking".

The taillight of a Dark Green Tesway X5 AWD, a red bar mounted under the rack's rear rail above the rear fender

The taillight, a red bar under the rack's rear rail above the rear fender, on a Dark Green X5.

The full-color display adds "tap-to-ride NFC unlocking and built-in USB charging port". To start the bike, the manual has you switch the pack on with its key, then hold the power button and either key in the code the manual prints or tap one of the two NFC cards from the box. A replacement card is $25.99 in our Tesway parts collection.

Suspension, tires and gears

At the front, Tesway's page describes a "Dominant dual-crown fork with 120mm travel, hydraulic lockout, and reinforced upright tubes"; at the back sits "Rear Spring Suspension", a coil shock with a gold reservoir in Tesway's photographs. Together, in Tesway's words, the "Motorcycle-inspired dual-crown suspension absorbs bumps and vibrations, reducing fatigue on rough terrain."

The tires are 20 × 4.0 Kenda fat tires, and Tesway notes that "Reflective side strips enhance visibility for safer night riding." The drivetrain pairs a Shimano 7-speed derailleur and shifter with a 52T chainring whose double guard, Tesway says, "prevents chain drops and clothing snags", which matters on a step-through ridden in everyday clothes. The frame also carries "added water bottle mounts".

Replacement 20 × 4.0 tires for the X5 AWD ($59.00), 20 × 4.0 inner tubes ($25.99) and a 7-speed chain ($25.99) were in our Tesway parts collection on September 26, 2026.

119 pounds to move, 400 pounds to carry

Tesway lists 119 lb for the X5 AWD, with the pack alone at 29.8 lb. Its payload is one figure wherever Tesway prints it, 400 lb: on the spec strip ("400 LBS Max Load"), in the detail block ("Max. Payload Capacity -400 LBS(181kg)") and on the dimension drawing.

Plan it as the rider plus everything carried, the cautious reading; the range tables run all the way to it. Add yours up before you load the rack, check the total against Tesway's 400 lb payload, and keep the tires inside the pressure and load ratings their sidewalls print.

On carrying anyone, Tesway's documents point two ways. The X5 page opens one section with "Safe, family-friendly rides with a child safety barrier.", while the manual the X5 shares with the X7 says the bike "is designed for regular country road use for a single person". Ask us before anyone rides along, and we will get Tesway's answer, with the limit that includes a passenger, in writing.

For towing, the Tesway Cargo Trailer in our Tesway accessories names the X5 AWD among its bikes with the note "(Available for 2026 batch orders only)", and a maximum load of 100 kg (220 lb); send us your order date and we will confirm the match first.

For storage and transport, Tesway's drawing gives 73.2 inches of length and 45.3 inches to the handlebar, and the frame does not fold.

Plan the parking before the delivery. At 119 lb and 73 inches, the X5 AWD wants a ground-level space; lifting it with the pack out still means about 89 lb, and a car rack must be rated for the full 119 with margin to spare.

The Mercer fit test

The same seven people, the Mercers, stand beside every bike we review, so each machine faces the same fit questions (meet the Mercers). Every verdict here reads a figure Tesway publishes (the height window, the seat range, the standing height, the payload), the manual's line on children, or the fit tables built on them.

Member Age · Height Verdict The number behind it
Frank Kowalski 63 · 5'10" Inside the window; the saddle is his check At 5'10" the post reaches the formula height for 60 of 100 riders at 109% and 88 at 106%, and he steps through a frame whose low point measures 15.9 inches
Ruth Kowalski 61 · 5'5" Fits At 5'5" the post reaches the formula height for 100 of 100 riders, and the 22.8-inch standing height leaves her 6.9 inches of clearance
Jack Mercer 48 · 6'1" Inside the window, with the saddle short of the formula 6'1" sits inside 5'3"–6'5", yet the post reaches the formula height for 6 of 100 riders his height at 109% and 28 at 106%
Dana Mercer 45 · 5'7" Fits At 5'7" the post reaches the formula height for 95 of 100 riders
Maya Torres 32 · 5'6" Fits At 5'6" the post reaches the formula height for 98 of 100 riders
Cole Mercer 16 · 5'11" Set by his state The manual's "Prohibit children to use it for safety" gives no minimum age; with every motor figure over 750 W, his state's rule for that class of vehicle decides whether a 16-year-old may ride it; at 5'11" the post reaches the formula height for 35 of 100 riders
Ivy Mercer 12 · — No The manual's "Prohibit children to use it for safety" answers for her at 12, at any height

For this household the low frame settles mounting for everyone, and the saddle becomes a question only from 5'10" up. The step table clears Tesway's 22.8 inches at every height from 5'2", while the 40-inch top of the post decides how Frank, Cole and Jack sit.

Is it UL certified?

Tesway says so for both the system and the pack: its X5 AWD page states that the e-bike system "is UL 2849 certified by TÜV" and that the battery pack "is UL 2271 certified".

The two standards cover different ground. UL 2849 carries the title "Electrical Systems for eBikes" and names "the drive unit, battery, battery management system (BMS)" in its scope, while UL 2271 is "Batteries for Use In Light Electric Vehicle (LEV) Applications". Where a building or an insurer wants proof, email us: we will ask Tesway for the certificates in writing and pass them on.

Has it been recalled?

No. We ran the search on September 26, 2026: the Consumer Product Safety Commission's recall data was queried in its title, product-name and manufacturer fields for Tesway, TESWAY, teswaybike and Tesgo (the parent named on Tesway's European About page), and all fields of a 623-record corpus of bicycle, e-bike, battery and scooter recalls were read.

None names Tesway, and the corpus's only "X 5" matches are a Specialized Sirrus X 5.0 and a battery's dimensions.

The search had to prove it could find recalls before its silence counted, and it returned Ancheer 1, Specialized 54 and Trek 24.

Class and road rules: the 750 W line

Settle this before you order. Tesway publishes a default speed, a top speed and a motor rating for the X5 AWD, and the e-bike definitions test more than one of them.

The federal definition in 15 U.S.C. § 2085(b) requires "fully operable pedals", a motor "of less than 750 watts (1 h.p.)" and a top speed on motor power alone "less than 20 mph" for a 170-pound operator.

What the definition asks The X5 AWD, in Tesway's figures
Fully operable pedals "Left & Right Pedals" in the box
A motor under 750 watts "Rated Power 52V 2000W", "Peak Power 52V 3600W"; "Dual 1000W motors" in the feature text
Under 20 mph on motor power 16 mph as delivered; 38 mph published

Read on September 26, 2026: § 2085(b) and Tesway's X5 AWD page.

Every motor figure Tesway prints for the X5 AWD is above 750 W, one motor on its own included. The 16 mph default keeps it under the 20 mph speed lines as it ships; the wattage test is a separate test, and the motors decide it.

California's code draws the same line. Vehicle Code § 312.5(a), read on September 26, 2026, defines an electric bicycle around "an electric motor that does not exceed 750 watts of power", and stops class 3 assistance at 28 miles per hour.

A speed setting moves the X5 AWD across a speed line and leaves the motor rating untouched. The manual treats its full power mode the same way, telling riders they "should check against local laws to ensure full power mode is permitted", and notes that "The laws may differ slightly depending on the county or city you live in."

Setting The speed line Where the X5 AWD lands
As delivered, 16 mph Below the federal 20 mph and California's class 2 throttle line Under the speed lines; the motor figures stay above 750 W
At the 38 mph Tesway publishes Class 3 assist ends at 28 mph and a class 2 throttle at 20 Beyond the speed lines as well

Sources: § 312.5(a), § 2085(b) and the manual, read September 26, 2026.

What the X5 AWD counts as on public roads and paths, and what riding it there requires, is then your state's call. Our 50-state e-bike law atlas prints every state's definition, and our California e-bike law page covers that state in full.

The motor rating sets the class, and a speed setting cannot change it. Plan where the X5 AWD will ride around your state's rule for a machine rated above 750 W, and tell us where that is; we will answer before you order.

Trails and public land: who says yes

Away from the road, the landowner or land manager decides whether the X5 AWD may go, and the federal agencies write their e-bike rules around the same 750 W line.

On Bureau of Land Management land, 43 CFR 8340.0-5 limits the e-bike definition to a motor "of not more than 750 watts (1 h.p.)", and a machine beyond it is an off-road vehicle there. Under 43 CFR 8341.1, such a machine belongs only where the field office designates land "open to off-road vehicle use".

In National Forests, the Forest Service's directives of March 31, 2022 treat e-bikes as motor vehicles, "managing all classes of e-bikes as motor vehicles" in the words of its notice at 87 FR 41278, and where a Ranger District has published a motor vehicle use map, 36 CFR 261.13 bars riding "other than in accordance with those designations".

Where you plan to ride Who decides What to read
Private land, yours or with permission the owner the owner's permission
A state or county off-highway vehicle area that agency its registration and equipment rules
A National Forest road or trail the Ranger District its motor vehicle use map (36 CFR 261.13)
BLM land the field office its open, limited and closed designations (43 CFR 8341.1)

Each row is settled by the land manager's own document; nothing in Tesway's specification settles any of them.

BLM's penalty rule, 43 CFR 8340.0-7, allows "a fine of not more than $1,000" or imprisonment "for not longer than 12 months", or both. Our public-land e-bike guide takes the agencies one by one, and Tesway's manual warns against "extreme maneuvers, such as extreme off-road use, jumping, or carrying an excessive load".

Name the trail or the land before you order. Email support@redtailebikes.com and we will tell you plainly which rule governs it. Dark Green is $1,799, the same as Gray.

Buy it in Dark Green

Green flags / Red flags

Green flags

  • A step-through frame: the lowest point of the frame measures 15.9 inches, so you mount without lifting a leg over a tube.
  • Two hub motors with a Single/Dual switch; up a 6% grade the pair draws 17 to 19% less than one motor.
  • A 3,120 Wh pack: about 155 miles at 16 mph on the throttle for a 180 lb rider, and 214 with easy pedaling.
  • A 400 lb payload, one figure on every Tesway document that prints it.
  • Suspension at both ends: a dual-crown fork with 120 mm of travel and a lockout, plus a coil shock at the rear.
  • Hydraulic brakes with four pistons squeezing 203 mm rotors front and rear.
  • An upright cockpit: the median rider leans 0 to 2 degrees, with 5 to 7% of body weight on the hands.
  • Parts on our shelf: X5 AWD brake pads, a spare pack, the 8 A charger, NFC cards, tires and a controller.

Red flags

Each one is about fit: who the X5 AWD is wrong for, and what to do instead.

  • Wrong if you want full leg extension with an inseam above 34.0 inches. Beyond that the saddle sits at the top of its post; find your row in the saddle table first.
  • Wrong if you are 6 feet or taller and want the formula's saddle height. At 6'0" the post gets 17 of 100 riders to it; email your height and we will suggest a taller frame we sell.
  • Wrong if it has to go up stairs every day. At 119 lb, or about 89 lb with the pack out, it is a two-person carry; tell us about your stairs or your car rack and we will suggest a lighter bike from our range.
  • Wrong if you need a bike inside your state's e-bike classes. Every motor figure Tesway prints is above 750 W; email us and we will match you to a bike that stays inside your state's classes.
  • Wrong if you prefer a top tube. If you like a tube between your knees, the X7 AWD is this drive on a step-over frame.
  • Wrong if one motor is enough for flat riding. On level ground one motor draws within 4% of two in the drive-mode table, and the X7 PRO is Tesway's single-motor X7. Our Tesway X7 PRO review puts that one motor under the same 3,120 Wh at $1,549.
  • Wrong for trails open to Class 1 only. Its throttle and its motor rating each keep it off such trails; our public-land guide lists who manages what, and we will look up your trail for you.
  • Not for children. The manual's instruction is "Prohibit children to use it for safety", and each state's age rules are in our 50-state law atlas.

Buy it if / Buy something else if

Buy it if you want to step through rather than over, with two driven wheels, full suspension and a 3,120 Wh pack computed at 155 miles at 16 mph on the throttle for a 180 lb rider, for private land, sand, gravel and wherever your state lets a machine rated above 750 W ride.

It also asks for an adult rider inside Tesway's 5'3" to 6'5" window, with the saddle at its top past a 34.0-inch inseam, a ground-level place to keep a 119 lb bike, and a charging spot between 32 and 104 °F.

For $1,799 you get two hub motors rated 2,000 W as a pair, 200 N·m, a removable 3,120 Wh pack, a dual-crown fork and a coil shock, four-piston hydraulic brakes, seven Shimano gears, a horn in the headlight and a long rack. Through Shop Pay on our listing, the 12-month plan comes to $162.37 a month at 15% APR, $1,948.44 in all.

On Tesway's page, X5 AWD owners had left 7 reviews by September 26, 2026, 6 at five stars and 1 at four. One owner described more than a year of hard use: "I’ve put well over 15,000 miles on my X5 in less than a year".

Buy something else if you need a machine inside your state's e-bike classes, which we will match to your state by email; if you would rather swing a leg over a top tube, which the X7 AWD offers with the same drive; if you want more battery on a two-motor step-through and can spend more, which our Eahora Juliet Pro II review covers.

And if you are comparing two-motor fat bikes, our Freesky Cheetah MT-380 review sets out another pair of hubs on a step-over frame. Our Tesway brand profile lines the X5 AWD up against the other four Tesways we sell.

For the other machines we have reviewed, start at our e-bike reviews hub.

Before you buy: the checklist

Ten checks before you spend $1,799; the first three decide where the X5 AWD can go.

  1. Read the rule where you will ride: your state's e-bike definition for roads and paths, the land manager's for trails.
  2. Hold the bike against that rule: every motor figure Tesway prints is above 750 W.
  3. Make sure the rider is an adult, as the manual's line on children asks.
  4. Take your inseam to the fit tables: past 34.0 inches the post is already fully raised.
  5. Check your height against Tesway's 5'3" to 6'5" window.
  6. Total the rider and the cargo and keep it at or under Tesway's 400 lb payload, with the tires inside their sidewall ratings.
  7. Plan the parking and the lifting for a 119 lb, 73.2-inch bike and whatever rides on it.
  8. Match your ride to a row in the range tables, add any climbing, and hold back 20% of the pack.
  9. Pick a charging spot between 32 and 104 °F, with 6 to 7 hours to spare on the charger.
  10. Get Tesway's passenger answer in writing through us before anyone rides on the rack.

Buying it from us

Why buy the X5 AWD from Redtail

Our listing priced the X5 AWD at $1,799 in Black, Gray and Dark Green on September 26, 2026, with $2,699 shown as the regular price, matching Tesway's page that day. Our part begins the moment you order.

The Tesway X5 AWD in Dark Green from the front three-quarter view, with the round headlight, the low frame, X5 on the rack side panel and the gold-reservoir rear shock

Dark Green, one of three colorways at $1,799.

What you get The detail
Price $1,799 in Black, Gray or Dark Green, each orderable on September 26, 2026
Shipping Free within the contiguous United States: prepared within 1–3 business days, then 5–10 business days in transit. Alaska, Hawaii, US territories, P.O. boxes and remote areas: ask us first
Tesway's gift The X5/X7/C5 AWD Value Pack Tesway lists at $168.94, and its six-piece kit of a bottle holder, phone mount, rear bag, lock, brake pads and mirror, advertised on Tesway's page on September 26, 2026, come with an order here
Paying over time Shop Pay installments: $162.37 a month over 12 months at 15% APR, $1,948.44 in total; plans of 3 and 6 payments run at the same APR. Read September 26, 2026
If something fails Send photos and your order number, and we open the claim with Tesway and follow it through; our listing says "Redtail coordinates the repair or replacement remotely at no cost to you"
If it arrives damaged Note the damage with the carrier, email us photos within 48 hours, and we file the carrier claim and arrange the repair or replacement
A fit answer first Send your height and inseam and we will run them through the fit model before you pay
Parts and add-ons Brake pads, a spare pack, chargers, tires, a controller and more in our Tesway parts collection, and a rack basket, platform, cushion and trailer that list the X5 AWD in our Tesway accessories

A change of mind is handled differently: we take back an unopened bike, still sealed in its factory packaging, if you ask within 72 hours of delivery, less a 15% restocking fee and the return shipping, and a canceled order carries a 3% transaction fee. We would rather answer your fit, range and trail questions before you order.

The Tesway X5 AWD in Gray, drive-side profile, with the low frame, the chain cover, the pack under the seat post and the long rack

Gray, the third colorway, from the drive side.

Price, colorways and shipping terms above are our store's own, read on September 26, 2026. Warranty claims come to us, and we take them up with Tesway on your behalf; Dark Green and Black are $1,799 as well.

Buy in Gray for $1,799

Frequently asked questions

How far can the Tesway X5 AWD go on one charge?

Tesway publishes 200 miles on pedal assist and 180 on motor power alone. Computed for a 180 lb rider on level pavement with both motors, a full pack covers about 155 miles at 16 mph on the throttle, 121 at 20 and 214 at 16 with easy pedaling, and climbing at 10 mph on 4 to 10% grades costs 170 to 210 Wh per 1,000 feet on the throttle (the range tables).

What is the top speed of the Tesway X5 AWD?

Tesway publishes 38 mph and a default speed of 16 mph, which is how the bike is set when it arrives. Any setting past the default brings in the class question, and the manual tells riders to check local law before using full power mode.

Wherever a law caps e-bikes at 750 W, as the federal and California definitions do, the X5 AWD is outside the classes, because Tesway rates its motors at 2,000 W together and 1,000 W each. Shipped at 16 mph it stays below the speed limits in those definitions, and your state settles how it is treated on the road (the class section).

Tesway X5 AWD vs X7 AWD: what is the difference?

The frame, in Tesway's own FAQ: the difference is "the exterior design of the frame", with the X5 AWD a step-through and the X7 AWD a step-over, and "Other functions are the same." Both run the same motors and 3,120 Wh pack and cost $1,799 on our store; choose the X5 for the low step and the X7 for a top tube.

Should I buy the Tesway X5 AWD or the X9?

They are built for different riders. Tesway's X9 Ultra is a 60 V machine on 26 × 4.0 tires, rated by Tesway at "60V 2400W | Peak 60V 4000W" with 43 mph published and a 60 V 30 Ah pack of 1,800 Wh; the X5 AWD is a 52 V step-through on 20 × 4.0 tires with 3,120 Wh.

Our Tesway X9 Ultra review sets out its range on 1,800 Wh and its fit over a 28-inch standing height.

On one charge the X5 AWD carries 1,320 Wh more; tell us how you ride and we will compare the two for you.

Can the Tesway X5 AWD run on one motor?

Yes. The manual switches between "Single and Dual Drive modes" with the Info key. On level ground one motor draws within 4% of two, and up a 6% grade at 12 to 16 mph the pair draws 17 to 19% less (the drive-mode table).

How much does the Tesway X5 AWD weigh?

119 lb in Tesway's specification, of which the pack is 29.8 lb, so about 89 lb with the pack out. Plan racks and lifts around the full 119 lb and whatever rides on the bike (the weight section).

How much weight can the Tesway X5 AWD carry?

Tesway rates the payload at 400 lb on its spec strip, its detail block and its drawing; that total covers the rider and all cargo. Keep the tires inside the pressure and load ratings their sidewalls print, and see what a heavy load does to range in the weight table.

What height rider does the Tesway X5 AWD fit?

Tesway's drawing gives 5'3" to 6'5". The seat runs 33.5 to 40 inches, which gets 91 or more of every 100 riders from 5'2" to 5'8" to the formula's saddle height, 60 of 100 at 5'10" and 17 at 6'0"; with an inseam above 34.0 inches the saddle tops out (the fit section).

Does the Tesway X5 AWD fold?

No. Tesway's specification lists a non-foldable aluminum-alloy frame, and the bike measures 73.2 inches long and 45.3 inches to the handlebar on its drawing, so plan on a truck bed, a large van or a rack rated above its 119 lb.

Can the Tesway X5 AWD carry a passenger?

Tesway's documents differ. The product page speaks of "Safe, family-friendly rides with a child safety barrier.", while the manual describes a bike "designed for regular country road use for a single person". Email us before anyone rides along and we will get Tesway's answer, with the load limit that includes them, in writing.

For a bike built around its rack, our Tesway C5 AWD review sets out Tesway's longtail, rated for 450 lb, and what a full load does to its range.

What accessories fit the Tesway X5 AWD?

In our Tesway accessories, the large rear rack basket, the foldable rear platform, the seat cushion and the Cargo Trailer name the X5 AWD in their compatibility lists; the trailer adds "(Available for 2026 batch orders only)". Tell us your order date and we will confirm a fit before you buy.

How long does the Tesway X5 AWD battery take to charge?

Six hours from empty on the 58.8 V 8 A charger that comes with it, says the manual; the product page's table puts it at "About 7 hours". Keep charging between 32 and 104 °F and plug in once the gauge falls under 20%, as the manual advises (the battery section).

Where do I find the Tesway X5 AWD manual?

Tesway's X5 AWD page links it: the X5/X7 AWD manual covers assembly, the five assist levels, walk assist, cruise control, the Single/Dual switch, charging and the error codes. It treats full power mode as a local-law question, which the class section takes up.

Can I replace the X5 AWD's battery or controller?

Yes. The pack comes out with its key, and our Tesway parts collection listed Tesway's 52 V 60 Ah battery at $799 and an X5 AWD controller at $129 on September 26, 2026. The manual's error table lists E06 as "Under-voltage" and E09 as "Controller Fault"; email us the code and we will confirm the part.

What brake pads does the Tesway X5 AWD use?

Pads for its four-piston hydraulic calipers: Tesway's X5 AWD brake pads were $20.99 a pair in our Tesway parts collection on September 26, 2026, and Tesway's six-piece gift kit, which ships with an order placed here, includes brake pads.

Is the Tesway X5 AWD UL certified?

Tesway states that the e-bike system "is UL 2849 certified by TÜV" and the battery pack "is UL 2271 certified". Ask us for the certificates and we will get copies from Tesway in writing (the UL section).

What warranty does the Tesway X5 AWD have?

Order from us and any fault is ours to handle under our policies: you send photos and the order number, we open the claim with Tesway and stay on it, and our listing promises that Redtail coordinates the repair or replacement "at no cost to you" (buying it from us). If you want Tesway's own terms for an order placed with us, ask before you buy and we will get them confirmed in writing.

Is the Tesway X5 AWD worth it?

At $1,799 on our store on September 26, 2026, against a $2,699 regular price, with free shipping in the contiguous United States, it puts two hub motors and 3,120 Wh on a step-through frame with full suspension and four-piston hydraulic brakes. It is built for adults in Tesway's 5'3" to 6'5" range who want the low step and ride where a machine rated over 750 W is allowed (the verdict).

Can I finance the Tesway X5 AWD?

Yes. On September 26, 2026 our listing's Shop Pay plan came to $162.37 a month over 12 months at 15% APR, $1,948.44 in all, with 3- and 6-payment plans at the same APR; all three colorways share the $1,799 price and the same plan.

Limitations of this review

Twenty-three things this review cannot settle, set out so you can weigh them.

  1. We sell this bike. Give the red flags the same attention as the green.
  2. This review is specification-verified. Its figures come from Tesway's published documents, statutes, our own store record, the published research the range and fit sections cite, or arithmetic on this page.
  3. Each range figure describes a steady ride: one speed on one grade, with no wind and no stops. Stops, starts, headwinds and soft ground cost more, as the loaded ride in the formula section shows.
  4. Bafang's figures stand in for Tesway's motors. Tesway gives the rated and peak figures and 200 N·m; the model uses Bafang's published figures for a 1,000 W hub, set to Tesway's 38 mph unloaded. The documents read here do not say whether the hubs are geared or direct drive. At 82% efficiency instead of Bafang's 80% floor, the 16 mph throttle figure rises from 155 miles to 171.
  5. At light motor load the model has no measured check. Where your legs do more of the work than the motors, as in the steady-pedaling column at 16 mph, the answer rests on motor losses that no published hub-motor map could confirm.
  6. The motor rating is read as the pair's total. Tesway's X5 page says "Dual 1000W motors", and its X7 AWD page "Dual 2000W motors"; read as 2,000 W a motor, the model's 16 mph throttle ride comes to 139 miles and its 20 mph ride to 112.
  7. Two riders' days check the model, loosely. The throttle test gives no speed as a number, and its 71-mile pace assumes the display's percentage tracks energy; the pedal-assist ride was on an X7 AWD, its load was not weighed, and it ended at one bar, not empty. The record is in the range model's validation file.
  8. Every figure assumes Tesway's 3,120 Wh. The documents read here do not say how much of the pack the battery management releases; on one measured pedelec, researchers at KIT found 75% in use during a standard range test.
  9. The tire coefficient is the median of ten 26 × 4.00 fat tires at 12 psi, a stand-in for the 20 × 4.0 Kenda on the bike, and the tire table brackets it.
  10. The cold figures rest on one cell's laboratory data. Tesway's pages read here name no cell, so the central line uses McMaster University's measured LG HG2 cell, bracketed by other published cell data, with the cells taken to be at air temperature.
  11. Single mode's motor is not named. The manual's switch names no wheel, and the model runs one motor of the pair; with the model's identical hubs the answer is the same either way.
  12. Corrected September 26, 2026: where the drawing comes from. When this review went live it cited the dimension drawing on Tesway's UK store and said the US page showed none. The same drawing file sits on Tesway's US X5 AWD page, and every figure read from it is unchanged.
  13. Tesway's "Standing height" and the frame's low point differ. The drawing prints 22.8 inches without saying where it is taken, and the lowest top edge on Tesway's photograph measures 15.9; the page prints both.
  14. Tesway publishes two charge times, "About 7 hours" on the product page and 6 hours from empty in the manual; the page prints both.
  15. Tesway's documents differ on passengers. The product page mentions a "child safety barrier" and the manual describes a bike for "a single person"; the page prints both and routes the question to Tesway in writing.
  16. The UL statement is Tesway's. The product page read here links no certificate, so no certificate number is printed.
  17. Trail access is set locally. The land manager's rule decides, it can change, and neighboring systems differ.
  18. The recall search covers the CPSC's US database under the names listed; a recall filed under another company name would need that name searched.
  19. Colorways and prices were read on September 26, 2026, and both can change, as can Tesway's gift offer and our parts prices.
  20. The fit figures use the US Army's ANSUR II bodies: 6,068 soldiers aged 17 to 58, measured in 2010 to 2012, who are not the US public, so your own inseam decides your row.
  21. The cockpit is measured on Tesway's photograph. The crank, crank height, seatpost angle and grips are read at the 51.2-inch wheelbase scale, with three published lengths agreeing within 3.5%; Tesway publishes none of the four.
  22. The hand figure is a ceiling with a relaxed back. On a real ride your back and arms carry part of the load, and we found no study that measures hand load on a bike set up like this one.
  23. The 109% formula is a starting point. In 19 trained cyclists it put 55 to 65% inside the 25-to-35-degree knee range and the heel check 70%, so the knee range and the heel check should set the saddle.

The bottom line

At $1,799, the X5 AWD is a step-through with two hub motors, 200 N·m and a 3,120 Wh pack that lifts out, hung on a dual-crown fork and a coil shock, stopped by four-piston hydraulic brakes, and geared with seven Shimano speeds under a long rack.

On level pavement a 180 lb rider can plan around 155 miles at 16 mph on the throttle with both motors, or 214 pedaling lightly, and each 1,000 feet of climbing at 10 mph on the throttle takes 170 to 210 Wh.

It suits adults inside Tesway's 5'3" to 6'5" window who want the low step, ride private land, sand, gravel and the places their state allows a machine rated above 750 W, and have a ground-level home for a 119 lb bike; past a 34.0-inch inseam the saddle rides at its top. Through Shop Pay on our listing it comes to $162.37 a month over 12 months at 15% APR.

Settle the class question before you pay: each motor figure Tesway publishes is over 750 W, and the 16 mph default answers the speed test only. Tell us where you plan to ride before you order, and we will reply with the rule that governs it.

Black, Gray and Dark Green all cost $1,799: this Black one, Gray or Dark Green. Shop Pay spreads it over 12 months at $162.37 a month and 15% APR, free shipping covers the contiguous United States, and a bike damaged in transit gets a carrier claim filed by us.

Buy yours for $1,799

Source register

What each document behind this review supports.

T1 is the record itself, read from whoever issued it: a statute, a federal regulation or notice, the maker's own product pages, record and manual, and our own store record.

T2 is a party's own publication about its product or its measurements: the motor maker's workbook, research groups' and laboratories' published measurements, and riders' recorded rides.

Source Tier What it supports
Tesway, X5 AWD product page and product record T1 (manufacturer, primary) Every specification row, the range figures, the default and top speeds, the payload, the FAQ, the UL statement, the brake, light, display, suspension and frame descriptions, the passenger line, the gift offer, the owner reviews
Tesway, X5 AWD dimension drawing, the same file as on Tesway's UK store T1 (manufacturer, primary) The height window, seat range, standing height, lengths and load capacity
Tesway, X5/X7 AWD manual T1 (manufacturer, primary) The drive switch, assist levels, throttle, cruise, walk assist, charging, temperatures, battery removal, cycle life, range tips, the single-person and children lines, the full power note, the error codes
Tesway, X7 AWD product page · X9 Ultra product page · Tesway EU About page T1 / T2 (manufacturer) The other per-motor wording, the X9 Ultra's figures, the parent name searched in the recall data
UL 2849 · UL 2271 T1 (standards body) The titles and scopes of the two standards Tesway names
Cal. Veh. Code § 312.5 · 15 U.S.C. § 2085 T1 (legislature, GPO) The definitions and class lines, quoted
43 CFR 8340.0-5 · 43 CFR 8341.1 · 43 CFR 8340.0-7 · 36 CFR 261.13 · 87 FR 41278 T1 (federal regulation and notice) BLM and Forest Service rules for e-bikes and motorized vehicles, and the penalty
CPSC recall data T1 (federal agency) The recall search and its controls
Redtail eBikes shipping policy, refund policy, our X5 AWD listing, parts and accessories T1 (first party) Price, colorways, Shop Pay terms, shipping scope and times, the damage window, claim handling, change-of-mind terms, part prices and compatibility
Bafang workbook 2021 T2 (motor maker, primary) The comparable hub motor's speeds, rating, efficiency floor and torque
Martin et al., 1998 T2 (own validation) The cycling-power model, its worked example and chain efficiency
Bicycle Rolling Resistance (Kenda Juggernaut Pro, temperature test) · Rothhämel, 2023 T2 (own published measurements) Fat-tire rolling resistance and its change with temperature
Tengattini and Bigazzi, 2018 T2 (own field measurements) Drag areas, upright and mountain-bike
Arango, Lopez and Ceren, 2021 · Schmitt, Decker and Doppelbauer, 2019 T2 (own measurements) Battery efficiency; usable pack energy on a measured pedelec
McMaster HG2 data; Samsung sheets (25R, 30Q, 35E); Casado et al., 2025 · U.S. Standard Atmosphere, 1976 T2 / T1 Cell energy by temperature and its brackets; air density
Riders' recorded rides: the X5/X7 AWD throttle test and the X7 AWD pedal-assist ride T2 (own recorded measurements) The two rides set against the range model
US Army ANSUR II, 2012 T1 (federal agency data) The 6,068 bodies behind every fit figure
Peveler et al., 2005 · Peveler et al., 2007 · Ferrer-Roca et al., 2012 T2 (peer-reviewed measurements) The saddle formula, its published range, the knee target and the heel method
Priego Quesada et al., 2017 · Slane et al., 2011 · Carahalios, 2015 · Clauser et al., 1969 T2 (own published measurements) Comfort by trunk position, hand pressure, the measured load on the bars, and the segment weights

Expiry conditions

Re-read this page if Tesway changes the X5 AWD's price, specification, motor rating, range figures, default speed, payload, drawing or FAQ; if Tesway answers our written questions on passengers or the warranty for orders placed with us; or if the colorways, the price, the gift offer, the parts prices or the Shop Pay terms change on our store.

Re-read it as well if a recall is published naming Tesway or Tesgo. Verified September 26, 2026.

References

The full bibliographic record for each document cited above, with the date it was retrieved.

  1. TESWAY, X5 AWD — product page (X5/X7 AWD Specifications, Specifications detail block, feature sections, FAQs, customer reviews, gift banner, as rendered for the US market). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://teswaybike.com/products/tesway-x5-awd
  2. TESWAY, X5 AWD — product record, variant prices, compare-at prices, SKUs and dates. Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://teswaybike.com/products/tesway-x5-awd.json
  3. TESWAY, X5 AWD — dimension drawing, on the product page's slideshow below the specifications (the same file on Tesway's UK store). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://teswaybike.com/cdn/shop/files/X5-AWD-Dimensions_Mobile.webp?v=1790217977
  4. TESWAY, X5/X7 AWD Manual: Important Safety Instructions, Operating Your New E-bike, Maximizing the Riding Range, LCD Display, Care and Maintenance, Trouble Shooting. Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0837/8318/8755/files/TESWAY_X5-X7_AWD_Ebike_MANUAL.pdf?v=1773992432
  5. TESWAY, X7 AWD — product page, the dual-motor feature text. Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://teswaybike.com/products/tesway-x7-awd
  6. TESWAY, X9 Ultra — product page, X9 Ultra Specifications table. Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://teswaybike.com/products/tesway-x9-ultra
  7. TESWAY Europe, About Us ("Tesway, a branch of Tesgo"). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://eu.teswaybike.com/pages/about-us
  8. California Legislative Information, California Vehicle Code § 312.5, subdivisions (a) and (a)(3). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=VEH&sectionNum=312.5.
  9. US Government Publishing Office, 15 U.S.C. § 2085 — Low-speed electric bicycles, subsection (b). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2024-title15/html/USCODE-2024-title15-chap47-sec2085.htm
  10. Bureau of Land Management, 43 CFR § 8340.0-5 — Definitions, paragraphs (a) and (j) (85 FR 69223, Nov. 2, 2020). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-43/subtitle-B/chapter-II/subchapter-H/part-8340/subpart-8340/section-8340.0-5
  11. Bureau of Land Management, 43 CFR § 8341.1 — Regulations governing use, paragraphs (a) and (d). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-43/subtitle-B/chapter-II/subchapter-H/part-8340/subpart-8341/section-8341.1
  12. Bureau of Land Management, 43 CFR § 8340.0-7 — Penalties. Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-43/subtitle-B/chapter-II/subchapter-H/part-8340/subpart-8340/section-8340.0-7
  13. Forest Service, US Department of Agriculture, 36 CFR § 261.13 — Motor vehicle use. Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-36/chapter-II/subchapter-B/part-261/subpart-A/section-261.13
  14. US Forest Service, Directive Publication Notice, 87 FR 41278 (July 12, 2022), recording the final e-bike directives issued March 31, 2022. Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2022/07/12/2022-14777/directive-publication-notice
  15. US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Recall data, title, product-name and manufacturer queries for Tesway, TESWAY, Tesgo and teswaybike, a full-field read of a 623-record corpus, and controls Ancheer / Specialized / Trek. Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.saferproducts.gov/
  16. Redtail eBikes, Shipping policy (processing and transit times, contiguous US scope). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://redtailebikes.com/policies/shipping-policy
  17. Redtail eBikes, Refund policy (48-hour damage window, change-of-mind and cancellation terms). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://redtailebikes.com/policies/refund-policy
  18. Redtail eBikes, Tesway X5 AWD storefront record and Shop Pay terms (price, compare-at price, availability by colorway, repair terms, the gift offer, installment plans). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://redtailebikes.com/products/tesway-x5-awd
  19. Redtail eBikes, Tesway parts and accessories listings: 48V/52V 60Ah Battery, Battery Charger, Brake Pads, E-bike Controller, NFC Card, Battery Lock Cylinder, Fat Tire, Inner Tube 20" × 4.0", 7 Speed Chain, Large Rear Rack Basket, Foldable Rear Platform, Seat Cushion, Cargo Trailer (compatibility, price, availability). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://redtailebikes.com/collections/tesway-parts
  20. BAFANG, Workbook OEM 2021, MOTORS table, RM G0H0 column: n0, nT, rated power, efficiency, maximum torque at 48 V. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://www.bafang-e.com/Uploaded/Labels/BAFANG%20Workbook%20OEM%202021.pdf
  21. Martin, J. C., Milliken, D. L., Cobb, J. E., McFadden, K. L. and Coggan, A. R., Validation of a Mathematical Model for Road Cycling Power, Journal of Applied Biomechanics 14(3):276–291 (1998), Eq. 14 and Appendix I; doi 10.1123/jab.14.3.276. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://collections.lib.utah.edu/dl_files/b4/8e/b48ef26086091662c561e673d7bd990d77868437.pdf
  22. Bierman, J., Fat Bike Tires Test Results, BicycleRollingResistance.com, rolling resistance at 12 psi, 28.8 km/h, 42.5 kg. Retrieved September 25, 2026. https://www.bicyclerollingresistance.com/fat-bike-reviews
  23. Bierman, J., Kenda Juggernaut Pro 2016, BicycleRollingResistance.com, rolling-resistance results. Retrieved September 25, 2026. https://www.bicyclerollingresistance.com/fat-bike-reviews/kenda-juggernaut-pro-2016
  24. Bierman, J., CRR at Different Temperatures: Examining Temperature Dependence of Rolling Resistance, BicycleRollingResistance.com. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://www.bicyclerollingresistance.com/specials/crr-temperature-test
  25. Rothhämel, M., On rolling resistance of bicycle tyres with ambient temperature in focus, International Journal of Vehicle Systems Modelling and Testing 17:67–80 (2023); doi 10.1504/IJVSMT.2023.132317. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://www.inderscience.com/filter.php?aid=132317
  26. Tengattini, S. and Bigazzi, A. Y., Physical characteristics and resistance parameters of typical urban cyclists, Journal of Sports Sciences 36(20):2383–2391 (2018), Table 4; doi 10.1080/02640414.2018.1458587. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://civil-reactlab.sites.olt.ubc.ca/files/2022/11/Tengattini_2018_Physical-characteristics-and-resistance-parameters-of-typical-urban-cyclists.pdf
  27. Arango, I., Lopez, C. and Ceren, A., Improving the Autonomy of a Mid-Drive Motor Electric Bicycle Based on System Efficiency Maps and Its Performance, World Electric Vehicle Journal 12(2):59 (2021), Eq. (40); doi 10.3390/wevj12020059. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://mdpi-res.com/d_attachment/wevj/wevj-12-00059/article_deploy/wevj-12-00059.pdf
  28. Schmitt, M., Decker, S. and Doppelbauer, M., Measuring and Characterization of a Pedal Electric Cycle (Pedelec) on a Full System Test-Bench with Full Range Emulation of a Cyclist, EPE'19 ECCE Europe (IEEE, 2019); doi 10.23919/EPE.2019.8915567. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000100371/50695920
  29. Kollmeyer, P. et al., LG 18650HG2 Li-ion Battery Data, Mendeley Data v2, McMaster University; doi 10.17632/b5mj79w5w9.2 (0.5C discharge files, recomputed). Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://doi.org/10.17632/b5mj79w5w9.2
  30. Samsung SDI, Specification of Product INR18650-25R, § 7.6 Temperature dependence of discharge capacity. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://e2e.ti.com/cfs-file/__key/communityserver-discussions-components-files/196/4628.130109_5F00_INR18650_2D00_25R-Cell-SPEC-_2800_3_2900_-_2800_1_2900_.pdf
  31. Samsung SDI, Specification of Product INR18650-30Q, § 7.6 Temperature dependence of discharge capacity. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://e2e.ti.com/cfs-file/__key/communityserver-discussions-components-files/196/INR18650_2D00_30Q_5F00_datasheet.PDF
  32. Samsung SDI, Specification of Product INR18650-35E, § 7.5 Temperature Dependence of Discharge Capacity. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://enerpower.de/wp/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Technical_Information_INR18650-35E.pdf
  33. Casado, S. et al., Evaluation of commercial Li-Ion 18650 battery cells for deep space applications, Journal of Power Sources 638:236552 (2025), Table 3; doi 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.236552. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.236552
  34. NOAA, NASA and US Air Force, U.S. Standard Atmosphere, 1976 (NOAA-S/T 76-1562), sea-level pressure and the gas constant for dry air. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19770009539/downloads/19770009539.pdf
  35. Tesway AWD Throttle Only Range Test X5/X7, YouTube, the rider's weight, drive mode and 42 miles to 41%, transcript read September 26, 2026. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qKByySDOXZE
  36. Tesway X7 AWD Range Test | Can it go 200 Miles?, YouTube, pedal assist 5, both motors, a 16 mph limit and 86.3 miles, transcript read September 26, 2026. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Dph2YC5L4E
  37. Redtail eBikes, X5 AWD range model, the computation set out in the range section of this review, every input and its source in its inputs table; run September 26, 2026. https://redtailebikes.com/blogs/journal/tesway-x5-awd-review#range
  38. Redtail eBikes, X5 AWD fit model, the computation set out in the fit section of this review, every input and its source in its inputs table, the photograph's controls beside it; run September 26, 2026. https://redtailebikes.com/blogs/journal/tesway-x5-awd-review#fit
  39. U.S. Army Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center, 2012 Anthropometric Survey of U.S. Army Personnel (ANSUR II), public data release (4,082 men, 1,986 women). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.army.mil/article/188601/for_good_measure_natick_releases_raw_data_from_army_wide_anthropometric_survey
  40. Peveler, W., Bishop, P., Smith, J., Richardson, M. and Whitehorn, E., Comparing Methods for Setting Saddle Height in Trained Cyclists, Journal of Exercise Physiology Online 8(1):51–55 (2005), Methods and Results. Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.asep.org/asep/asep/JEPonlineFEBRUARY2005_PevelerSaddle.doc
  41. Ferrer-Roca, V., Roig, A., Galilea, P. and García-López, J., Influence of saddle height on lower limb kinematics in well-trained cyclists: static vs. dynamic evaluation in bike fitting, Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 26(11):3025–3029 (2012); doi 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318245c09d. Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22190163/
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