The Smartravel Raptor ST202 Pro in white ridden fast along a sandy track below a wooded hill, in Smartravel's own photograph, drive side, both battery packs and the front hub motor in view

Moped style · a hub motor in each wheel, each rated 1,200 W continuous and 1,500 W peak by Smartravel · two packs, 52 V 50 Ah, 2,600 Wh · 35 mph published · GPS tracker and app · suspension front and rear · hydraulic disc brakes · Shimano 7-speed · 123.7 lb · a fixed 33-inch bench · green, gray or white · $1,699.99 · verified September 26, 2026

Quick Answer — The Smartravel Raptor ST202 Pro is a $1,699.99 moped-style e-bike with a hub motor in each wheel, each rated 1,200 W continuous, two packs totaling 2,600 Wh, and a GPS tracker. With a 180 lb rider held to 15 mph on the throttle over flat pavement, one full charge computes to 133 miles.

Hold 20 mph and the same charge gives about 99 miles; at 28 mph, 63. One reviewer's 46.95-mile ride at a 21.6 mph average, with 2,766 feet of climbing and stops, used most of the pack, so the range section prices your own ride and tells you how much to hold back.

With a bench that stays at 33 inches, the fit section begins where most riders feel it, at a stop: seated, both feet go flat for 37 of 100 riders at 5'8" and 79 of 100 at 5'10". The motors and the 35 mph sit above the e-bike lines the statutes draw, and the class section sets them side by side.

The Raptor ST202 Pro was $1,699.99 on our store on September 26, 2026, against a regular price of $2,699.99, and Smartravel's own US store showed the same two figures that day. This button orders white; gray and green are the same price. Delivery is free across the contiguous United States, and Shop Pay spreads it over 12 months at $153.44 a month at 15% APR, subject to an eligibility check.

Buy the ST202 Pro, $1,699.99

What this review covers

What $1,699.99 buys · What it is · Will it fit you · The two motors · The two packs · How far it goes · GPS and the app · Brakes, lights and display · Suspension and tires · Weight and load · The Mercer fit test · UL · Recalls · The class question · Where to ride it · Green and red flags · The verdict · Checklist · Buying it from us · FAQ · Limitations · The bottom line · References

How we verified this Smartravel Raptor ST202 Pro review

Every figure here was read on September 26, 2026 from Smartravel's Raptor ST202 Pro page on its US store, the app instructions its manuals page files under the Raptor ST202, ZOONLAI's listing of the same bike, our listing, the statutes quoted in the class section, or the reviewers' measurements named where they appear. Range and fit are worked out by formula, and every input is named beside it.

This review is specification-verified: every number is Smartravel's, a statute's, a named reviewer's, or arithmetic shown on this page. We sell the Pro, so give the red flags the weight you give the green ones.

Written by Milad Ghobadibeygvand, BScN (Western University, 2014). Corrections: support@redtailebikes.com.

What $1,699.99 buys

Smartravel's published figure
Name on its US store "Smartravel Raptor ST202 Pro Dual Motor and Battery eBike"
Motors two hubs, front and rear, each "1200W (continuous), 1500W (peak)"; "3000W Peak Motor" on the spec strip
Torque 86 N·m per motor in the specification table; 150 N·m in the feature copy
Assist pedal assist levels 0 to 5, and a throttle mode on its riding-modes image
Battery 52 V 50 Ah (2,600 Wh), in two packs
Range 80 miles on the spec strip; up to 100 with pedal assist in the feature copy; 80 to 100 in the FAQ; up to 55 and 70 to 92 on its battery image
Top speed 35 mph
Charger 58.8 V 3 A
Charge time 5 hours in one FAQ answer, 5 to 6 in another; 6 to 7 hours on the battery image
Brakes hydraulic disc, front and rear
Suspension a hydraulic front fork and a hydraulic shock absorber
Tires 20 × 4.0 inches, "Unibody, puncture protection"
Gears Shimano 7-speed
Display smart LCD with a USB charger
Lights LED headlight, taillight and brake light
Tracking GPS tracker with a phone app
Seat a fixed bench, 33 inches in the FAQ; 33.4 inches on ZOONLAI's geometry table
Frame aluminum alloy
Rack and fenders included
Kickstand aluminum alloy
Weight 123.7 lb (56.2 kg)
Load limit 350 lb, "combined weight of rider and cargo"
Vehicle size 66.93 × 27.56 × 43.31 inches
Wheelbase and bar 43.3-inch wheelbase, 42.1-inch handlebar height, 25.19-inch bar width, on ZOONLAI's table
In the box the Pro, two batteries, the charger and a tool kit
Safety standard "Safety Certified in Accordance with UL 2849", in Smartravel's words
Assembly "90% assembled", in the FAQ

Every row was read on September 26, 2026 from Smartravel's product page, its gallery and, where marked, ZOONLAI's geometry table. Rows where the page gives two figures carry both, and Limitations collects the remaining conflicts. Multiplied out, 52 V × 50 Ah comes to the 2,600 Wh that the range section works from.

A dual-motor moped-style bike with a tracker

Smartravel calls the Pro the "upgraded model of Raptor ST202", "equipped with dual batteries and dual electric drive systems, providing longer battery life and stronger power", in the words of its product page. The shape is a moped's: a long bench, a round caged headlight, a tall fork and 4-inch tires, with a rack behind the seat. Our Raptor ST202 review covers the single-motor model it upgrades.

A rider in a helmet and sunglasses riding the white Smartravel Raptor ST202 Pro fast along a sandy track, the background blurred by the camera's pan

At speed on a sandy track in Smartravel's own photograph, the camera panning with the bike.

Two driven wheels, two packs, a tracker, suspension front and rear, hydraulic brakes, seven Shimano gears, a rack and fenders come on one frame, so the headline figures are 2,600 Wh and a motor at each end for $1,699.99.

Owners write about it in their own words: on Smartravel's page 6 of its 7 reviews give five stars and 1 gives four, and all 10 on ZOONLAI's listing give five, as each read on September 26, 2026. A farm owner wrote on both: "The second motor is awesome, you can feel the difference when it's engaged."

The studio photograph of the white Raptor ST202 Pro in a front three-quarter view, showing the front hub motor, the disc brake, the coil shock, the rack and the kickstand

The white Pro in a front three-quarter view in Smartravel's studio photograph, the front hub motor behind the disc.

Smartravel's listing for the Pro went up on January 3, 2025, and the two reviewers quoted on this page published their rides between May 2025 and March 2026; where a reviewer's bike and today's page differ, this review follows the US page as it read on September 26, 2026.

Will the Raptor ST202 Pro fit you?

The Pro's seat is a bench fixed at 33 inches, so fit comes down to your feet at a stop and your knee as you pedal. Seated, 37 of 100 riders at 5'8" in the US Army's survey put both feet flat, and 79 of 100 at 5'10"; pedaling, the bench sits below the height the 109%-of-inseam formula asks of the median rider at every height in the tables.

Every fit figure pairs Smartravel's published dimensions and its side photograph of the Pro with the 6,068 bodies the US Army measured for its 2012 survey.

To place yourself on this frame:

  1. Measure your inseam. Stand in socks against a wall with a hardcover book pulled up snug between your legs, spine level, and measure from the floor to the top of the book.
  2. Look up your height in the stop table, which shows how much of each foot reaches the ground from a 33-inch bench.
  3. Check the pedaling table before long pedal rides: it gives the gap between the bench and the height the formula would set for your leg.

Two rider-height ranges are published for the Pro, on ZOONLAI's listing of the same bike and in Bike Hombre's review; both sit beside the model's rows here.

What is published Its figure Where it is printed
Rider height 5'0" to 6'7" ZOONLAI's size slider for the Pro, with the line "You will be able to pedal and stand over the frame comfortably"
Rider height 5'6" to 6'3" Bike Hombre's review of the Pro, as the recommended range
Seat height 33 in Smartravel's product page FAQ
Seat height 33.4 in ZOONLAI's geometry table

Smartravel's studio photograph of the white Raptor ST202 Pro from the drive side, the frame this review measures for fit

The drive side in Smartravel's studio photograph: both tires fit true circles, so the camera looks square at the frame.

Will I pedal with a bent knee?

Yes, for almost everyone: the bench sits below the pedaling height the formula sets for every median rider from 5'0" up. That formula sets the saddle top at 109% of your inseam above the pedal axle (Peveler et al., 2005), and the published range reaches down to 106% (Ferrer-Roca et al., 2012).

With no seat post to raise, the table below is the knee bend you will actually ride with. The floor height behind each row rests on two measurements from Smartravel's photograph: the crank axle, 10.9 inches up, and the 6.7-inch cranks.

Your height Typical inseam Formula saddle height, median rider The 33.0 in seat, median rider Riders it suits, of 100
5'0" 27.1–29.7 in 34.1 in 1.1 in low 35
5'2" 28.0–31.1 in 35.2 in 2.2 in low 7
5'4" 29.1–32.2 in 36.2 in 3.2 in low 0
5'6" 30.2–33.5 in 37.4 in 4.4 in low 0
5'8" 31.1–34.3 in 38.4 in 5.4 in low 0
5'10" 32.2–35.5 in 39.6 in 6.6 in low 0
6'0" 33.2–36.7 in 40.8 in 7.8 in low 0
6'2" 34.3–37.5 in 42.0 in 9.0 in low 0
6'3" 35.3–38.0 in 42.6 in 9.6 in low 0

For the middle rider of each height: the floor-to-saddle height the 109% formula calls for, the 33-inch bench's shortfall against it, and how many of 100 riders that tall would find the bench within their own 106 to 110.4% band. Army survey bodies, men and women pooled.

The shortfall grows with height, from 1.1 inches at 5'0" to 9.6 inches at 6'3". A low seat bends the knee further at the bottom of each stroke; on the Pro two motors and a throttle carry the pace, and the effort table prices what your legs save the pack.

Can I put a foot down at a stop?

Yes for most riders 5'9" and taller: seated, both feet go flat for 55 of 100 riders at 5'9", 79 of 100 at 5'10" and 94 of 100 at 5'11". Below 5'9" the share drops fast, to 37 of 100 at 5'8", 19 of 100 at 5'7" and 11 of 100 at 5'6", so a shorter rider stops on tiptoe.

At a light on a moped frame you stay seated astride the bench, so the seat's height is the reach your legs must cover. The bench's lowest point measures 32.6 inches on Smartravel's photograph, in its dip ahead of the rack, and at 5'8" it sits no more than 1.4 inches above the inseam of 95 of 100 riders.

Your height Typical inseam Clearance at 32.6 in At 33.0 in At 33.4 in
5'0" 28.4 in −5.5 in −5.9 in −6.3 in
5'2" 29.5 in −4.5 in −5.0 in −5.4 in
5'4" 30.5 in −3.5 in −3.9 in −4.3 in
5'6" 31.7 in −2.3 in −2.8 in −3.2 in
5'8" 32.6 in −1.4 in −1.9 in −2.3 in
5'10" 33.8 in −0.3 in −0.8 in −1.2 in
6'0" 34.9 in 0.6 in 0.2 in −0.2 in
6'2" 36.0 in 1.8 in 1.3 in 0.9 in
6'3" 36.6 in 2.7 in 2.3 in 1.9 in

Barefoot inseam minus each figure: 32.6 inches at the bench's lowest point on Smartravel's photograph, 33 in the product page's FAQ, and 33.4 on ZOONLAI's table. Inseams are the median rider's; each clearance is the figure 95 of 100 riders that tall meet or beat, negative where the frame stands above that inseam.

Before the bike arrives, plan around the taller of the published seat heights. On the Pro the bench's dip is its lowest point, so a rider on tiptoe stops best sitting back in it rather than on the raised front of the seat.

Will I feel cramped, or stretched?

Where you sit on the bench decides it: at the middle of its flat the median rider leans 12° at 5'0", 5° at 5'8" and 0° at 6'3" to reach the grips, and at its front every height sits upright. The grips sit 12.6 to 14.3 inches ahead of the crank axle and 30.4 to 32.6 inches above it, so a shorter rider slides forward instead of leaning.

When twenty recreational cyclists ranked three trunk positions, the most upright came out most comfortable (Priego Quesada et al., 2017). Each row below is the least lean at which a straight arm meets the grip, worked out from that body's measured torso and arm, seated at the middle of the bench's flat.

Your height Lean from upright, median rider Across saddle and grip positions
5'0" 12° 0–29°
5'2" 10° 0–27°
5'4" 8° 0–25°
5'6" 6° 0–23°
5'8" 5° 0–21°
5'10" 3° 0–19°
6'0" 2° 0–17°
6'2" 1° 0–16°
6'3" 0° 0–16°

Trunk lean from vertical for the middle rider of each height, seated at the middle of the bench's flat, and its range from the bench's front to its back and across the grip's outline; no lean means the arm reaches the grip sitting straight up.

How much weight goes through my wrists?

Less than on a road bike: 13% of your body weight at 5'0" for the median rider, falling to 5% at 6'3", with the back relaxed and seated at the middle of the bench. In a lab study, 10 road racers pedaling with their hands on the hoods put 15% of their weight through the bars (Carahalios, 2015); the Pro's median rider carries less than that at every height in the table.

A forward lean moves weight onto the heel of the hand, where the ulnar nerve runs, and across 36 riders that pressure was highest in the most stretched-out hand position (Slane et al., 2011). The same study found padded gloves lowered palm pressure by 10 to 28%.

Your height Share of your weight, back relaxed Median rider's weight On each hand
5'0" 13% (5–20%) 126 lb about 8 lb
5'2" 11% (5–19%) 139 lb about 8 lb
5'4" 11% (5–18%) 147 lb about 8 lb
5'6" 9% (5–17%) 166 lb about 8 lb
5'8" 8% (5–16%) 179 lb about 7 lb
5'10" 7% (5–16%) 192 lb about 7 lb
6'0" 6% (5–15%) 204 lb about 6 lb
6'2" 5% (5–14%) 216 lb about 6 lb
6'3" 5% (5–15%) 227 lb about 6 lb

The upper limit on hand load with the back relaxed, built from segment weights (Clauser et al., 1969) at the survey's median body weight for each height; the bracket covers every bench and grip position.

How do I set it up when it arrives?

The bench stays where it is, so setup means the handlebar, the front wheel and the pedals. Smartravel's FAQ calls the Pro "90% assembled", and Bike Hombre's review describes the rest: "install the handlebars, install the front wheel, front fender, headlight, turn signals, and the pedals", about 30 minutes on that build, most of it on the front wheel and the headlight (Bike Hombre's review).

Plan for two people to move the box: Bike Hombre put it at "over 130 lbs". When you pedal, the research target is a knee bent 25 to 35 degrees at the bottom of the stroke (Peveler et al., 2007); a fixed bench leaves most riders bent further than that, as the pedaling table shows.

At home, sit on the bench with a heel on the pedal at the bottom of its stroke and note how far that leg stays from straight. When the saddle was raised until that leg just straightened, the heel method put 70% of 19 cyclists in the knee range, more than either inseam formula managed (Peveler et al., 2005); the Pro's bench cannot go up, so here the check simply measures the bend you will ride with.

How we computed fit

Four quantities drive the fit tables: pedaling height (1.09 × inseam above the pedal axle), the stop (inseam minus seat height), the lean (the least trunk angle at which a straight arm reaches the grip) and the hand load (upper-body weight times its lean, divided by the reach to the grip).

For a 5'8" rider with the survey's median 32.6-inch inseam, the formula asks for 35.6 inches from the pedal, or 28.8 inches from the crank axle (the 88.3% rule lands on 28.8 too), which puts the saddle top 38.4 inches off the floor, 5.4 inches higher than the bench.

Input Value Source
Rider bodies 6,068 (4,082 men, 1,986 women) US Army ANSUR II, 2012
Pedaling formula 109% of inseam; published range 106–110.4% Peveler et al., 2005; Ferrer-Roca et al., 2012
Seat height 33 in, fixed Smartravel's FAQ
Crank length 6.7 in measured on Smartravel's photograph
Crank axle height 10.9 in (10.7–11.1) measured on Smartravel's photograph
Grip center 12.6–14.3 in ahead, 30.4–32.6 in above the crank axle measured on Smartravel's photograph
Bench's lowest point 32.6 in off the ground measured on Smartravel's photograph
Segment weights head and trunk 58.0%, each arm 4.9% of body weight Clauser et al., 1969

The photograph carries no dimension lines, so its scale was set from ZOONLAI's published 43.3-inch wheelbase, axle to axle, and held against three other published figures before any length was taken from it.

Dimension Smartravel lists Measured on its studio photo Gap
total length 66.9 in 66.3 in −1.0%
total height 43.3 in 44.2 in +2.1%
handlebar height, on zoonlai.com 42.1 in 42.4 in +0.6%

Every length is scaled from the 43.3-inch wheelbase; the three checks agree to within three percent, and both published seat heights, 33 and 33.4 inches, fall on the bench top as it measures, 32.6 to 33.8 inches from dip to front.

ZOONLAI's table also lists a 68.9-inch length, a 42.1-inch height and a 34.25-inch rack; on the same scale the photograph's length runs 3.8% under the first, its height 5.1% over the second, and its rack top about 3.5 inches below the third. Limitations records all three.

On this crank the two formulas land together. Add the 6.7-inch crank to LeMond's 88.3% from the crank axle and the median 5'8" rider comes to 109.1% of inseam from the pedal, inside the accepted 106 to 110.4% band and next to Hamley's 109%; in Peveler and colleagues' riders, the LeMond method came to 109.2 ± 0.9% of inseam from the pedal.

Between two rows of the stop table, or under 5'9" and set on flat feet at every light? Email your height and inseam to support@redtailebikes.com; we will put them through this model and answer before you order. White orders here; gray and green cost the same.

Order the Raptor Pro today

Two hub motors, each 1,200 W continuous

Smartravel's page describes "3000W Dual-Drive Brushless Hub Motors" with "high-temperature-resistant inner rings and advanced heat dissipation", and says "The FOC system acts as the motor's brain, adjusting performance in real-time and monitoring diagnostics based on rider input."

Its specification table rates each hub the same way: "1200W (continuous), 1500W (peak)", one in the front wheel and one in the rear. Together that is 2,400 W continuous and the 3,000 W peak on the spec strip. The continuous figure is what each motor holds, the one the range model uses and the class section comes back to.

The front hub motor, the disc brake, the fork and the CHAO YANG fat tire of a gray Raptor ST202 Pro, cropped from Smartravel's photograph on a dirt road

The front wheel's hub motor behind its disc brake, on the gray Pro in Smartravel's dirt-road photograph.

Bike Hombre rode the Pro on one motor and on two. Bike Hombre names a "single motor mode" and, before a sprint, says "Engage dual motor"; the farm owner quoted above describes the difference "when it's engaged". Ask us how the switch is set on the bike you order before you rely on it.

What the second motor adds shows in Bike Hombre's timed runs (the review), each a measurement of the prototype in that video:

Bike Hombre's run One motor Both motors
0 to 10 mph 3.8 s 2.8 s
0 to 20 mph 5.8 s 4.2 s
0 to 30 mph 17.7 s 8.3 s

From Bike Hombre's review of the Pro, published May 24, 2025; the one-motor sprint was run "using the highest level of assist", and the times are the reviewer's own, read from the video's narration.

On a 22% grade with both motors engaged, Bike Hombre's speed ran from 26 mph at the foot to 16 near the top. At top speed the review read 35 mph, then 36, and RunPlayBack recorded 35 mph on a GPS logger, 37 on the display (RunPlayBack's review). Smartravel publishes 35.

A hub motor turns with its wheel, so a gear change moves your cadence and leaves the motor's speed alone. Our e-bike motor guide compares hub and mid-drive motors across every kind of bike.

Two packs, 52 V 50 Ah, 2,600 Wh

52 V × 50 Ah comes to 2,600 watt-hours, in two packs: the box holds "2 battery", and Bike Hombre gives each as "52 V and 25 Ah" in a range-ride video. Smartravel's page names LG cells in its FAQ, and its battery panel says "Even after 800 charges, the battery retains 80% of its capacity", with a BMS guarding it.

The two battery packs of the white Raptor ST202 Pro, one in the frame triangle and one below it, with the SMARTRAVEL lettering and the rider's leg, cropped from Smartravel's photograph

The two packs: one in the frame's triangle, one below it behind the lettering.

Charging: plan on a night for each empty pack. Smartravel's FAQ quotes "only 5 hours" in one answer and "5-6 hours" in another, and its battery image reads "3A/6-7 Hours". The charger in the box is rated 58.8 V 3 A, so 25 Ah at 3 A is 8.3 hours of full charging current, and the full 50 Ah is 16.7 hours.

Smartravel's warranty policy puts its own figure on the cells: "engineered to maintain up to 75% of their original capacity for up to 300 charging cycles", as its warranty and return policy reads.

How far the Smartravel Raptor ST202 Pro goes on one charge

A 180 lb rider on level pavement can expect about 133 miles from a full charge at 15 mph on the throttle with both motors, 99 at 20 mph, and 188 at 15 mph with easy pedaling. An 8% climb at 10 mph on the throttle cuts the same charge to 29 miles.

Three steps turn these tables into your figure:

  1. Start from the speed and effort tables and pick the pace and pedaling you will ride with.
  2. Reserve 158 to 188 Wh per 1,000 feet of climbing at 10 mph on the throttle on 4 to 10% grades, or 147 to 176 when you pedal easily (the hills table).
  3. Adjust for what you carry and how cold it is, and plan on keeping 25% of the pack in hand.

Every table prices one steady ride at a time, built from Smartravel's specifications, Bafang's published figures for a comparable geared hub motor, drum readings for ten fat tires, the tires in Smartravel's photographs and a cycling-power model its authors checked against measured power on an open road. The last subsection shows the formula, one ride worked through, and how the model compares with a measured ride.

Does riding faster cut range? Miles at each speed

Speed decides most of it: on the throttle a full charge lasts 173 miles at 10 mph but 63 at 28. Air drag eats power with the cube of speed: 20 mph asks about 2.4 times the air's share at 15 mph, since (20 ÷ 15)³ comes to about 2.4, which is why the charge's 133 miles at 15 mph fall to 99.

Speed, flat Per mile Full charge Keeping 25% back
10 mph 15.0 Wh 173 mi 130 mi
12 mph 16.6 Wh 157 mi 118 mi
15 mph 19.6 Wh 133 mi 100 mi
18 mph 23.3 Wh 112 mi 84 mi
20 mph 26.2 Wh 99 mi 74 mi
25 mph 34.9 Wh 74 mi 56 mi
28 mph 41.3 Wh 63 mi 47 mi
32 mph — beyond 2 × 1,200 W —
35 mph — beyond 2 × 1,200 W —

On the throttle alone with both motors driving, on level pavement, with a 180 lb rider in 77 °F air. The model holds each motor to the 1,200 W Smartravel rates it for continuous use, which carries this bike at 31.9 mph on the flat; the published 35 mph draws on the 1,500 W peaks, so the last two rows print no steady figure. The final column leaves a quarter of the pack untouched.

Pedaling lightly helps at any speed: add 75 W from your legs at 15 mph and a full charge stretches from 133 miles to 188. Two pedaling efforts are modeled, 75 W for easy and 150 W for steady. With both motors off, those efforts alone would move this bike about 8.4 mph and 12.5 mph on the flat, so choose the column you could sustain without help.

Speed, flat Motor only Easy pedaling (75 W) Steady pedaling (150 W)
12 mph 157 mi 275 mi legs alone
15 mph 133 mi 188 mi 311 mi
18 mph 112 mi 141 mi 188 mi
20 mph 99 mi 119 mi 148 mi
25 mph 74 mi 83 mi 93 mi
28 mph 63 mi 68 mi 75 mi
32 mph beyond 2 × 1,200 W 54 mi 57 mi
35 mph beyond 2 × 1,200 W beyond 2 × 1,200 W beyond 2 × 1,200 W

Miles per full charge for a 180 lb rider on level pavement. At 15 mph the pack gives 13.8 Wh a mile with easy pedaling and 19.6 on the throttle alone. The 275- and 311-mile cells are the two where your legs outwork the motors, which makes them the most sensitive to the model's motor losses at light load (Limitations item 7); a cell reading "legs alone" is a speed 150 W holds by itself.

On the fixed bench the knee bends further than the formula would set it (the pedaling table), so the 150 W column asks more of your legs here than on a bicycle with a tall saddle; read the 75 W column first.

Which gear saves battery? On a hub motor, your effort does

Shift for your knees; pedal to spare the packs. The motors spin with the wheels in every gear, so a shift changes your cadence and leaves the motors' load untouched. Hold the speed and grade fixed, and the packs give up less for every watt your legs add:

Your ride Motor only Easy pedaling (75 W) Steady pedaling (150 W)
15 mph, flat 19.6 Wh 13.8 Wh 8.3 Wh
20 mph, flat 26.2 Wh 21.8 Wh 17.6 Wh
12 mph, 4% grade 49.0 Wh 40.2 Wh 31.7 Wh
10 mph, 8% grade 90.0 Wh 76.4 Wh 63.6 Wh

Pack watt-hours per mile for a 180 lb rider in 77 °F air with both motors driving, with 75 W from the rider for easy pedaling and 150 W for steady.

On an 8% grade at 10 mph, the throttle alone uses 90.0 Wh a mile, easy pedaling 76.4 and steady pedaling 63.6. Every watt from your legs is one the motors do not have to supply, along with the heat they and the packs would have shed making it.

One motor or two changes the draw too. Computed with the rear hub alone and the front freewheeling, the level 15 mph throttle ride uses 5% less energy, 140 miles in place of 133, because two lightly loaded motors each carry their own losses; up an 8% grade at 10 mph one motor uses 24% more, 23 miles in place of 29, because a single motor works harder and hotter.

Does going uphill drain the battery faster?

Yes, by a lot: on 4 to 10% grades at 10 mph on the throttle, each 1,000 feet of climbing costs 158 to 188 Wh more than the same distance on the level, or 147 to 176 with easy pedaling. A 180 lb rider on the 123.7 lb Pro weighs 303.7 lb together, and lifting that through 1,000 feet takes 114 Wh at the wheels; the motors and the packs lose the rest.

On an 8% grade at 10 mph on the throttle the packs pay 178 Wh for each 1,000 feet, so the full 2,600 Wh would climb about 14,600 feet with none left for the flat. Descents earn nothing back in the model, so a plan built on these rows errs on the safe side.

Grade Fastest steady, motor only Per mile at 10 mph Full charge at 10 mph
2% 31.2 mph 31 Wh 85 mi
4% 30.5 mph 48 Wh 54 mi
6% 29.8 mph 68 Wh 38 mi
8% 28.9 mph 90 Wh 29 mi
10% 26.5 mph 114 Wh 23 mi
12% 24.3 mph 140 Wh 19 mi
15% 21.5 mph 183 Wh 14 mi

A 180 lb rider on the throttle with both motors. "Fastest steady" is the speed the modeled motors hold at their continuous 1,200 W each; the other two columns are at 10 mph. Add easy pedaling and the 10 mph full-charge figures become 124, 69, 47, 34, 26, 21 and 16 miles, 2% through 15%.

The model's climbing fits Bike Hombre's 22% hill: the two motors hold 15 mph on the throttle up grades to 24.9%, and Bike Hombre recorded 16 mph at the top of the 22% climb on both motors. On one motor the model's fastest steady speed up 8% falls from 28.9 mph to 18.2.

A hilly ride's budget is its level miles plus its climbing. Ten level miles at 15 mph on the throttle take about 196 Wh; add 1,000 feet of 8% climbing at about 178, and the ride uses near 374 Wh of the 2,600. Headwinds and stop-and-go riding cost extra on top, since the model rides every mile at one steady pace.

Does rider weight affect range?

Modestly on level ground, heavily on climbs. Extra pounds load the tires and the climb but leave air drag unchanged, so their cost grows as the road steepens.

You plus your load 15 mph flat, motor only 20 mph flat, motor only 10 mph up 8%, motor only
130 lb 142 mi 104 mi 35 mi
180 lb 133 mi 99 mi 29 mi
220 lb 126 mi 96 mi 25 mi
300 lb 115 mi 89 mi 19 mi
350 lb 109 mi 85 mi 17 mi

Rows are the rider plus everything carried; the model adds the bike's own 123.7 lb to each, since the motors haul it as well. Throttle only, both motors. The 350 lb row is Smartravel's limit for rider and cargo together.

Going from 180 lb to 300 lb takes 18 miles off a level ride at 15 mph, from 133 to 115, and cuts the 8% climb from 29 miles to 19. Loaded to the 350 lb limit, the Pro still covers about 109 level miles at 15 mph, while the 8% climb drops to 17, since on a grade most of the power at the wheels lifts the load.

Does cold weather drain the battery?

Yes, and more with each colder row. At 15 mph with easy pedaling, a charge good for 188 miles at 77 °F gives about 145 at 32 °F and 131 at 14 °F.

Air Pack energy vs 77 °F 15 mph, easy pedaling 20 mph, motor only
95 °F 99% 199 mi 103 mi
77 °F 100% 188 mi 99 mi
68 °F 98% 177 mi 95 mi
50 °F 93% 158 mi 86 mi
41 °F 91% 150 mi 82 mi
32 °F 89% (80–93) 145 mi (130–152) 80 mi (72–84)
14 °F 82% (40–83) 131 mi (64–131) 72 mi (35–72)

Level ground, 180 lb aboard. In each row the central figure is recomputed from McMaster University's LG HG2 cell data at a 0.5C discharge, taking the cells to be at air temperature; the lab took its readings at 77, 50, 32 and 14 °F, and the rows between are interpolated. Bracketed figures give the spread between published cell data sets.

The low ends take the least capacity Samsung's data sheets list at that temperature for discharge at one to four times capacity per hour (25R and 30Q at 32 °F, 35E at 14 °F); the high ends take the most energy Casado and colleagues recorded in 2025 at a gentler rate.

Three losses stack up near freezing: cold cells return less energy, cold air runs about 9% denser by the U.S. Standard Atmosphere's gas law, and cold tires roll harder.

Rolling resistance rises 0.5% in the model for every °F under 77 °F, a rate between Rothhämel's fit for a 42 mm tire and Bicycle Rolling Resistance's road-tire average, and stays at its 41 °F value below 41 °F. Smartravel names LG cells in its FAQ; the HG2 is an LG cell used as a stand-in, not a confirmed match (Limitations item 13).

Do fat tires cut range? Tires and riding position

Rolling resistance outweighs riding position on level ground. Bicycle Rolling Resistance's drum measured ten 26 × 4.00 fat tires at 12 psi, 18 mph and a 94 lb load, and they needed 23.2 to 42.1 W.

Neither a 20 × 4.0 size nor the CHAO YANG fat tire named on the Pro's sidewalls appears on the drum, so the model stands in with the middle of the ten, a coefficient of 0.0105.

Rolling resistance 15 mph, motor only 15 mph, easy pedaling 20 mph, motor only
0.0070 · lowest of ten 153 mi 228 mi 110 mi
0.0105 · median of ten (used here) 133 mi 188 mi 99 mi
0.0126 · highest of ten 123 mi 170 mi 94 mi

Miles from a full charge for a 180 lb rider on level ground. The easiest roller of the ten was Schwalbe's Jumbo Jim LiteSkin and the hardest Kenda's Juggernaut Pro, listed by the site at 0.01262.

No drum measures sand, dirt or grass, so for an off-pavement route, send it to us and we will model that ride.

Posture counts as speed rises. The model uses the 0.640 m² of drag area Tengattini and Bigazzi recorded for 37 upright cruiser riders, a fit for a moped-style bench where the median rider leans no more than 12° from upright; their 0.603 m² for 90 everyday mountain-bike riders would stretch the 20 mph throttle ride from 99 miles to 103.

Smartravel's 55 to 100 miles, matched to real rides

Smartravel prints six range figures for the Pro across its page, its FAQ and two of its gallery images, and each maps onto a steady ride. Its spec strip gives "80 Miles"; its feature copy "up to 100 miles on a single charge with a combination of electric power and pedal assist"; its FAQ "80-100 Miles" twice; its battery image "up to 55 miles" and "Max Range 70-92Miles"; its riding-modes image "92 miles mileage" on pedal assist.

Smartravel's figure Per mile it allows Motor only, flat Easy pedaling, flat
80 mi, the spec strip (product page) 32.5 Wh about 23.8 mph about 25.6 mph
up to 100 mi, electric power with pedal assist (product page) 26.0 Wh about 19.9 mph about 22.3 mph
80-100 mi (FAQ) 26.0 Wh about 19.9 mph about 22.3 mph
up to 55 mi (battery image) 47.3 Wh about 30.6 mph about 31.7 mph
70-92 mi (battery image) 28.3 Wh about 21.4 mph about 23.5 mph
92 mi, pedal assist (riding-modes image) 28.3 Wh about 21.4 mph about 23.5 mph

Each band is read at its top: 100 miles for the FAQ's 80 to 100, and 92 for the image's 70 to 92. Per-mile energy is the 2,600 Wh divided by each figure's miles, and each speed is the level pace at which the model's 180 lb ride uses that much.

So the spec strip's 80 miles fits riding the throttle near 24 mph on the level, the top of the FAQ's 80 to 100 fits the throttle near 20 mph, and the battery image's 55 miles fits holding about 31 mph, close to the fastest the motors sustain.

A measured ride sets the planning figure. Bike Hombre rode 46.95 miles at a 21.6 mph average with 2,766 feet of climbing, on the throttle, both motors engaged until a switch to one for about the last 7 miles, and finished "with one bar still left" of five (the range ride). At 175 lb, that rider sat close to this page's central rider.

For that ride held steady, the model prices 1,775 to 1,825 Wh; the five-bar gauge showing one bar puts what the ride used at 2,080 to 2,600 Wh, 14 to 47% more. Those miles had stops, a 40.1 mph top and hills taken at speed, which a steady model does not price.

Plan on 75% of whichever row fits your ride, and on a stop-and-go day plan on less, keeping 25% of the pack back so a headwind or a detour does not end the ride on pedals alone. At 15 mph on the throttle, that plan is 100 of the 133 full-charge miles.

The rear coil shock, the frame pack with Smartravel's emblem, the SMARTRAVEL lettering and the crank of a gray Raptor ST202 Pro, cropped from Smartravel's photograph

The rear coil shock, the frame pack and the crank on the gray Pro in Smartravel's dirt-road photograph.

Find your row, then plan on three quarters of it, and on less in stop-and-go riding. Every 1,000 feet of climbing at 10 mph on the throttle costs another 158 to 188 Wh, less when your legs help. With 180 lb aboard on level pavement, that plan is 100 miles at 15 mph on the throttle and 74 at 20.

A ride of ten level miles at 15 mph plus 1,000 feet of 8% climbing draws about 374 Wh on the throttle, a small bite of the 1,950 Wh the plan puts to work out of 2,600. Email us the distance, the climbing, your weight with gear and your usual pace, and we will cost out the ride before you buy. Gray and green come at the same price as white.

Take the Pro home, $1,699.99

How every figure here is worked out

Martin and colleagues' 1998 model, validated on an open road, gives the power P that the two wheels must deliver to hold a constant speed in still air:

P = v × [ m g (Crr cos θ + sin θ) + ½ ρ CdA v² ]

In it, v is the speed and m the combined mass of rider, cargo and bike; g is gravity and θ the slope's angle; Crr is the tires' rolling resistance, where 0.0105 means a drag of 1.05% of the weight they carry; ρ is the air's density, and CdA the drag area, a measure of how much air the rider pushes aside.

Inside the brackets, the first term is the tires plus the grade and the second is the air, whose share climbs with the cube of speed after the multiplication by v.

Four steps lie between the wheels and the packs:

  1. Your legs turn the rear wheel through the chain, which delivers 97.7% of their power by Martin and colleagues' figure; the two motors supply the rest.
  2. The two hub motors turn with their wheels and split the motors' share evenly between them, the assumption Limitations item 8 sets out.
  3. Each motor follows a comparable motor's published figures. Bafang's 2021 OEM workbook gives its RM G0H0 geared hub an n0 of 510 rpm, an nT of 426 rpm and an efficiency of "≥ 80" percent at 48 V. The model keeps that shape, winds it for the Pro's 52 V with its no-load speed at Smartravel's own 35 mph, and rates each motor at 1,200 W. Bafang's 510 rpm scaled to 52 V would turn these tires at 37.4 mph.
  4. The packs lose some energy inside themselves, at the battery efficiency Arango, Lopez and Ceren measured on a 48 V pack.

From there, Wh per mile = battery watts ÷ mph, and range in miles = 2,600 Wh × the fraction of pack energy available at that temperature ÷ Wh per mile.

Input Value used Where it comes from
Bike 123.7 lb Smartravel's specification
Rider and cargo 180 lb; the weight table also runs 130, 220, 300 and 350 350 lb is Smartravel's limit
Battery 52 V × 50 Ah = 2,600 Wh Smartravel's specification
Motors two, each held to 1,200 W, 80% at the rated point, 86 N·m most Bafang OEM workbook 2021, RM G0H0; the 1,200 W and 86 N·m are Smartravel's per-motor figures
Wheel 22.7 inches across, 1,815 mm around the tires on Smartravel's side photograph, at the wheelbase scale
Rolling resistance 0.0105, the median of ten 26 × 4.00 fat tires at 12 psi Bicycle Rolling Resistance
Drag area 0.640 m², 37 upright cruiser riders Tengattini and Bigazzi, 2018
Chain 97.7%, your pedaling only Martin et al., 1998
Battery losses 2.9% at 15 mph, more at climbing currents Arango, Lopez and Ceren, 2021
Air 77 °F at sea-level pressure, 1.184 kg/m³ U.S. Standard Atmosphere, 1976
Cold the share of a cell's energy left at each temperature McMaster University's LG HG2 cell data
Reserve 25% of the pack kept back Schmitt, Decker and Doppelbauer, 2019

One ride, worked through: 180 lb aboard, 15 mph, level pavement, throttle only, both motors. Rolling takes 95.5 W and the air 114.2 W, which adds up to 209.7 W at the wheels.

At that speed the 22.7-inch wheels spin at 222 rpm. In the motor model (0.960 N·m of torque per amp, a 0.297 Ω winding and a 1.22 A no-load current, each worked out from Bafang's published figures), each motor makes 4.5 N·m on 5.9 A.

The pair works at 74% efficiency, under the 80% at the rated point because the load is light, and together they draw 284.9 W.

With the packs' own losses added, the batteries supply 293.5 W: 19.57 Wh a mile at 15 mph, and 2,600 ÷ 19.57 comes to about 132.9 miles, or 99.7 with 25% kept.

Two published benchmarks recomputed, and one measured ride. Each half of the model reproduces the figure its source prints; the measured ride shows how far a real day runs from a steady one:

Check Published figure This model
Road physics, Martin and colleagues' worked example 45.7 W for tires and grade, 158.8 W for the air 45.7 W and 158.8 W
The comparable motor at Bafang's rated point at least 80% efficient 80%
An independent ride: 46.95 miles at a 21.6 mph average with 2,766 ft of climbing, 175 lb rider 2,080–2,600 Wh used, read off the gauge 1,775–1,825 Wh

The first two rows are recomputed by the model's self-test: the worked example in Appendix I of Martin and colleagues (8.36 m/s ground speed, a 90 kg system, a 0.3% grade) and the RM G0H0's rated point in Bafang's workbook. The third is Bike Hombre's range ride, priced as 46.95 steady miles at 21.6 mph plus lifting 298.7 lb through 2,766 feet.

GPS tracking and the app

The Pro carries a GPS tracker that talks to Smartravel's phone app. Its product page lists what it does: "Set geo-fencing to receive alerts if the bike exceeds a preset area. Control the motor remotely, activate alarms for overspeed or displacement, and view historical ride data up to 7 days."

The app instructions walk through each feature. Search "SMARTRAVEL EBIKE" on Google Play or the App Store, register, and pair the phone to the bike by Bluetooth; the home screen then shows the battery level, the current speed, total mileage and the bike's position.

What the app does In Smartravel's words
Geo-fencing "Set the riding area and prompt when exit or enter the area"
Remote power "Cut off power supply of Ebike"
Alarms over-speed, vibration and tow-away alarms, with the vibration threshold "default threshold is 10"
Track playback "Check ebike track records within a time range you set"
Navigation a destination entered in the app hands off to Google Maps
Overspeed setting "Used to limit the maximum speed of riding and the duration of speeding"
Assist level "Speed up or down gears via App"

Every row quotes Smartravel's ST202 app instructions, which its manuals page files under the Raptor ST202; the Pro's page describes the same tracker.

Budget for the tracker's service after the first month. The instructions say: "Smartravel offers a one-month free trial of its GPS service. After the trial period, you can purchase an GPS value-added service plan on a monthly, quarterly, or annual basis." The tracker also binds to a SIM phone number in the app. Ask us for the current plan prices before you order, and we will get them from Smartravel.

Bike Hombre used the app on the range ride and listed its functions: it "tells you your battery level, current mileage", "gives you your location, you can create a geo-fencing area, remotely power off the bike, allows you to set an alarm on your bike" and lets you "switch your assist level".

Brakes, lights and display

Smartravel specifies "High-performance hydraulic disc brakes for effective and smooth stopping power", front and rear, on a bike that stops 123.7 lb plus its rider. Bike Hombre gives the rotors as 180 mm at both ends (the review).

The same reviewer measured the stops as well: 5 feet from 10 mph, 13.5 feet from 20 mph and 27 feet from about 28 mph, with "zero fade" on steep descents during the range ride. Those are the stopping distances of that run, on that surface.

The grip, the brake lever, the display mount and the headlight of a gray Raptor ST202 Pro, a dirt road behind, cropped from Smartravel's photograph

The cockpit of the gray Pro: grip, brake lever, display mount and the caged headlight below.

Lights come fitted. Smartravel lists a "Bright Headlight", "Built-in tail and brake lights" and a "SMART LCD Display with USB Charger" that shows "battery status, speed, and distance". Both video reviewers also found turn signals front and rear, and Bike Hombre a horn.

The display's readings held up in Bike Hombre's speedometer check: 14, 19, 25 and 31 mph on the display against 14, 19, 24 and 30 on the app used as the check.

Suspension front and rear, on 20 × 4.0 tires

Smartravel describes a "Hydraulic front suspension fork" and a "Hydraulic Shock Absorber" that "Provides superior shock absorption for a smoother ride", and its studio photographs show a coil-sprung shock on each side of the rear frame. Bike Hombre calls the front a "dual crown fork" and the rear "dual coil shocks".

Rider weight changes how the rear feels. Bike Hombre, at 175 lb, found the rear shocks "on the stiffer side" and added: "a rider much heavier might find the shocks much more suited for their weight." A lighter rider plans on a firm rear; send us your weight and your usual surfaces and we will tell you what to expect.

The white Raptor ST202 Pro in Smartravel's studio, front three-quarter on the drive side, showing the chainring, the derailleur, both packs and the rear shock

The drive side in Smartravel's studio photograph: chainring, derailleur, both packs and the rear shock.

The tires, in Smartravel's specification, are 20 × 4.0 inches, "Unibody, puncture protection", with CHAO YANG printed on the sidewalls in its photographs. The Pro also comes with a Shimano 7-speed derailleur, fenders front and rear, a rear rack and an aluminum kickstand, all included in Smartravel's specification.

123.7 pounds and a 350-pound limit

The Pro weighs 123.7 lb (56.2 kg) on Smartravel's specification, which sets a "Maximum total weight limit (combined weight of rider and cargo) of 350 pounds (158.8kg)".

Budget 350 lb for yourself and all you carry; the bike's own 123.7 lb does not count against it. Take a 200 lb rider with 30 lb of groceries on the rack: 230 lb, with 120 lb still to spare.

Ask for the rack's own rating before you load it. Smartravel's specification table lists the rear rack with "Max Load: 350 lbs", the same figure as the whole bike's limit, and Bike Hombre gives the rack "a weight capacity of 33 lbs" (the review). Load it as the lower figure until Smartravel confirms the rack's rating in writing, which we will ask for you.

Size a garage spot, a lift or a stair plan for 123.7 lb plus whatever rides on the bike, and for the 66.93 by 27.56 by 43.31 inches Smartravel prints. The box measures 55.51 by 12.99 by 33.46 inches.

Decide where the Pro will live before it arrives. At 123.7 lb, a garage or a ground-floor room suits it better than a carry up the stairs, and the packs come out to charge indoors. Bike Hombre's advice for loading it into a car: remove the battery first.

The Mercer fit test

Like every bike we review, the Pro goes up against the Mercers, a fixed cast of seven archetype riders, so its fit answers line up with every other review's (meet the Mercers).

Each verdict below rests on a published figure (ZOONLAI's size range, the seat height, the weight, the load, the sizing line "to suit most adults" on ZOONLAI's geometry table) or on the model's row at that height in the fit tables. Since the bench is lower than the 109% pedaling height for every adult Mercer, each adult row answers the stop question instead: how many riders that tall sit flat-footed on the 33-inch bench.

Member Age · Height Verdict The number behind it
Frank Kowalski 63 · 5'10" Fits; flat feet at most stops 5'10" is inside ZOONLAI's 5'0" to 6'7" and Bike Hombre's 5'6" to 6'3"; seated on the bench, 79 of 100 riders his height reach the ground flat-footed
Ruth Kowalski 61 · 5'5" Inside the range; on her toes at a stop 5'5" is inside ZOONLAI's range, and seated on the 33-inch bench 3 of 100 riders her height put both feet flat, so read the stop table before ordering
Jack Mercer 48 · 6'1" Fits; pedals with a bent knee 99 of 100 riders his height sit flat-footed, and the bench sits 8.6 inches below his formula height for pedaling
Dana Mercer 45 · 5'7" Inside the range; one foot down 19 of 100 riders her height sit flat-footed; the 350 lb limit covers her and her gear
Maya Torres 32 · 5'6" Inside the range; the commute is her question 11 of 100 riders her height sit flat-footed; for a car-free commute, the class section decides where it may go
Cole Mercer 16 · 5'11" No ZOONLAI's geometry table sizes the Pro "to suit most adults"; on this page the answer at 16 is no
Ivy Mercer 12 · — No The same adult sizing; she is on the table so the answer is here

Ruth and Jack show where the Pro divides a family. Jack, at 6'1", is flat-footed on 99 of 100 bodies his height; Ruth, at 5'5", comes up short of the bench on 97 of 100. Both are inside ZOONLAI's range; the bench decides how their stops feel.

Is it UL certified?

Smartravel says so: its Pro page carries a "UL Certified" badge that reads "Safety Certified in Accordance with UL 2849", and its feature copy says the bike "has passed UL2849 safety certification to ensure safe and stable riding". The badge is repeated on ZOONLAI's listing of the same bike.

If a landlord, building manager or insurer wants the certificate itself, email us: we will ask Smartravel for it in writing and check the model and date it names.

Has it been recalled?

No. On September 26, 2026 we searched the Consumer Product Safety Commission's recall database for Smartravel, Smart Travel, Smartravelor, ZOONLAI and ZonMen across the recall title, the product name and the manufacturer field and found no recall naming any of them; the brand and the ST202 model code also appear in none of 623 bicycle, e-bike, battery and scooter records.

That empty result was trusted only after the same search found recalls known to exist: Ancheer 1, Specialized 54, Trek 24.

The class question: 2,400 W continuous, 35 mph published

Settle this before you order, because the Pro's published figures sit above the lines the statutes draw for e-bikes. Smartravel's page rates each hub "1200W (continuous), 1500W (peak)" and gives a "35 MPH Top Speed"; two reviewers measured 35 to 36 mph.

Federal law comes first, and 15 U.S.C. § 2085(b) sets its line in these words:

For the purpose of this section, the term "low-speed electric bicycle" means a two- or three-wheeled vehicle with fully operable pedals and an electric motor of less than 750 watts (1 h.p.), whose maximum speed on a paved level surface, when powered solely by such a motor while ridden by an operator who weighs 170 pounds, is less than 20 mph.

California's text shows how a state draws its lines. Vehicle Code § 312.5(a), read on September 26, 2026, covers a bicycle "equipped with fully operable pedals and an electric motor that does not exceed 750 watts of power". Section 406(a) defines a moped by "a motor that produces less than 4 gross brake horsepower" and "a maximum speed of not more than 30 miles per hour on level ground".

The line The statute's words The Pro, as published
Federal low-speed e-bike, § 2085(b) "less than 750 watts"; "less than 20 mph" on the motor 1,200 W continuous in each wheel; 35 mph
California e-bike, § 312.5(a) "does not exceed 750 watts of power" 2,400 W continuous on two motors, 1,200 W on either one
California moped, § 406(a) "not more than 30 miles per hour on level ground" 35 mph

From the three texts and Smartravel's product page, each read on September 26, 2026. For scale, 2,400 W is 3.2 horsepower at 745.7 W to the horsepower, and 3,000 W is 4.0.

As published, the Pro sits above the e-bike line in both texts, and at 35 mph above California's moped speed line as well. On public roads, your state's vehicle code decides what a machine of this power and speed is, and what it asks of you to ride it there; our 50-state e-bike law atlas prints each state's definitions, and our California e-bike law page sets out that state's rules in full.

The app's overspeed setting does not settle the question. Smartravel describes it as "Used to limit the maximum speed of riding and the duration of speeding", and a speed setting leaves each motor's 1,200 W continuous rating where it is.

Know where you will ride before the first ride. The Pro's motors hold 1,200 W each and Smartravel publishes 35 mph, both above the e-bike definitions quoted here; on public roads your state's vehicle code decides, and off the road the land manager does.

Where you can ride it

Off the pavement, the agency that manages the land decides whether the Pro may go there, and the federal agencies write their e-bike rules around a motor of 750 watts, as the BLM's definitions do: its classes cover "an electric motor of not more than 750 watts (1 h.p.)", which the Pro's motors are not.

On National Forest land the Forest Service's final e-bike directives, dated March 31, 2022, "provide for managing all classes of e-bikes as motor vehicles", and a non-motorized trail opens to them only after a local decision and environmental analysis, as its notice at 87 FR 41278 sets out.

If the Ranger District has published a motor vehicle use map, 36 CFR 261.13 prohibits running a motor vehicle "other than in accordance with those designations", so the Pro belongs on the routes that map opens to motor vehicles.

Where you plan to ride Who decides What to read
A National Forest road or trail the Ranger District its motor vehicle use map (36 CFR 261.13)
BLM land the field office its route designations; 43 CFR 8340.0-5 holds the e-bike definitions
A state park, county open space or city path that agency the rule posted for that trail
Your own land, or land you have permission to ride the owner the owner's say-so

The land manager's rule governs; a specification sheet settles none of these on its own.

Breaking the part's prohibitions on a National Forest carries the penalty 36 CFR 261.1b sets: "imprisonment of not more than six months or a fine in accordance with the applicable provisions of 18 U.S.C. 3571 or both". Agency by agency, our public-land e-bike guide sets out the rest. Our Smartravel M23 review covers the dirt bike in the same family, a machine made for off-highway areas and private land.

Tell us which roads, trails or land you plan to ride before you order. Email support@redtailebikes.com and we will set out plainly what the rule there asks of a 2,400 W, 35 mph machine. In white, gray or green, it ships free to the lower 48.

Buy the Raptor Pro now

Green flags / Red flags

Green flags

Red flags

These are about fit: who the Pro is wrong for, and where to go instead.

  • Wrong if the bike must fall inside an e-bike class. 1,200 W continuous in each wheel and 35 mph put it above the lines in the class section; our Smartravel DK400 review covers a single-motor bike Smartravel rates at 750 W sustained.
  • Wrong if you stand under about 5'9" and want flat feet at every light. Only 37 of 100 riders at 5'8" sit flat-footed; our Freesky Rocky Pro A-320 review covers a step-through with a much lower frame.
  • Wrong if you plan long pedaling rides with the leg near straight. Its bench stays below the formula's height for nearly every rider; tell us your inseam and we will point you to one of our bikes whose seat post adjusts. Our ZOONLAI UrbanX review covers a pedal commuter whose saddle you raise to suit your leg.
  • Wrong for a daily carry up the stairs. The Pro weighs 123.7 lb; describe your stairs to us and we will suggest a lighter model from our range. At 104.1 lb, our Smartravel Rocket ST201F review covers Smartravel's lighter moped-style frame, from $749.99.
  • Wrong if tracking must cost nothing to run. The GPS service runs on a paid plan after its free month, and we will get you the plan prices before you order.
  • Wrong if you ride light and want a plush rear. Bike Hombre found the rear shocks firm at 175 lb; our Eahora Luna II review covers a fat-tire bike with a motor at each end and a four-bar-link coil rear.
  • Not for riders under 18. ZOONLAI's table sizes the Pro "to suit most adults"; our 50-state law atlas lists each state's age rules for younger riders.

Buy it if / Buy something else if

Buy it if you want a moped-style bike with a motor in each wheel, 2,600 Wh on board and a tracker you can check from your phone, for private land, farm and ranch roads, off-road riding where the land manager allows motor vehicles, and public roads where your state's rules for a machine of this power are met. It suits adults of about 5'9" and up who ride on the throttle.

For $1,699.99 you get two 1,200 W hub motors, hydraulic disc brakes, suspension front and rear, seven Shimano gears, a rack and fenders. On our listing Shop Pay offers $153.44 a month for 12 months at 15% APR, $1,841.28 in all, or $295.86 a month over 6 months, subject to an eligibility check.

Owners on Smartravel's page gave it five stars in 6 of 7 reviews as of September 26, 2026, and the farm owner quoted above had ridden it "all over with no issues".

Buy something else if you need a bike inside the e-bike classes (our Smartravel DK400 review), a low step-through for shorter riders (our Freesky Rocky Pro A-320 review), or another dual-motor fat-tire bike to compare (our Eahora Luna II review). Every review we have published is indexed on our e-bike reviews hub.

Before you buy: the checklist

Ten checks before you spend $1,699.99; the first three settle whether the Pro is yours to ride where you plan to.

  1. Read the rule for your riding: your state's definitions on roads, the land manager's on trails.
  2. Confirm the rider is an adult, as ZOONLAI's table sizes the bike.
  3. Settle the class question for your roads in the class section before any public-road ride.
  4. Measure your inseam and read your row in the stop table; below about 5'9", plan on tiptoe stops.
  5. Check your height against the published ranges: 5'0" to 6'7" on ZOONLAI's size slider, and 5'6" to 6'3" in Bike Hombre's review.
  6. Total the rider and everything carried, keeping it at 350 lb or less; the bike's own 123.7 lb does not count toward it.
  7. Find a place to park it and a way to lift it: 123.7 lb and 66.93 inches long.
  8. Find your ride in the range tables, take 75% of that figure and budget the climbing on top.
  9. Pick a charging spot indoors and dry, with a night for each empty pack on the 3 A charger.
  10. Ask us for the GPS plan prices if you will keep the tracker running after its free month.

Buying it from us

Why buy the Raptor ST202 Pro from Redtail

Our listing had the Pro at $1,699.99 on September 26, 2026; Smartravel's own US store charged the same that day, and both showed $2,699.99 as the regular price. Smartravel's warranty policy says a bike bought outside its own site "shall contact their original dealer for after-sale service", and our part starts the day the order goes in.

What you get The detail
Price $1,699.99 in green, gray or white, orderable on September 26, 2026
Paying over time Shop Pay: $153.44 a month for 12 months at 15% APR, $1,841.28 in total, or $295.86 a month for 6 months, subject to an eligibility check and provided by Affirm's lending partners. Read September 26, 2026
If something fails Send photos or video of the fault with your order number; in our listing's own terms, "Redtail coordinates repair or replacement remotely at no cost to the customer"
If it arrives damaged Note it with the driver, email us photos within 48 hours, and we file the carrier claim and arrange the repair or replacement
A fit answer first Send your height and inseam and we will run them through the fit model before you pay
A part later Tell us the part and we will confirm with Smartravel that it fits your Pro before you order
Shipping Free within the contiguous United States; dispatched within 1–3 business days and most bikes arrive within 5–10 business days after that. Alaska, Hawaii, US territories, P.O. boxes and remote areas: ask us first

A change of mind is handled another way: a return requested within 72 hours of delivery, with the bike still sealed in its factory packaging, carries a 15% restocking fee plus return shipping, and a canceled order a 3% transaction fee. Put your fit, range and class questions to us first; we would much rather answer them before you order.

The price, colorways and shipping terms above were read from our own store on September 26, 2026. If the Pro suits your riding it is one click away in white, or in gray or green, and a warranty claim comes to us, so we deal with Smartravel for you.

Pay monthly with Shop Pay

Frequently asked questions

How far can the Smartravel Raptor ST202 Pro go on one charge?

Smartravel prints 80 miles on its spec strip and 80 to 100 in its FAQ. Computed for a 180 lb rider on flat pavement with both motors, a full charge covers about 133 miles at 15 mph on the throttle, 99 at 20 and 188 at 15 with easy pedaling; Bike Hombre's 46.95-mile ride at a 21.6 mph average with 2,766 feet of climbing left one bar of five (the range tables).

What is the top speed of the Raptor ST202 Pro?

Smartravel publishes 35 mph. Bike Hombre read 35 and then 36 mph on both motors, and RunPlayBack recorded 35 on a GPS logger; the range model holds each motor to its continuous 1,200 W, which carries the bike at 31.9 mph on the flat, while 35 mph draws on the 1,500 W peaks (the motor section).

How fast can the Smartravel ST202 Pro go from a stop?

In Bike Hombre's timing on both motors, 0 to 10 mph took 2.8 seconds, 0 to 20 mph 4.2 and 0 to 30 mph 8.3; on one motor the same runs took 3.8, 5.8 and 17.7 seconds (the motor section).

It depends on your state's vehicle code. Its motors hold 1,200 W each, above the 750 W in the federal definition and California's, and its 35 mph is above the 30 mph in California's moped definition. Where you ride decides what it needs (the class section).

Are dual motor ebikes worth it?

On the Pro, the second motor shows in the numbers: Bike Hombre's 0 to 30 mph fell from 17.7 seconds on one motor to 8.3 on two, and in the model two motors hold 28.9 mph up an 8% grade against 18.2 for one. On level cruising one motor uses 5% less energy at 15 mph (the effort table).

Does the Smartravel GPS tracker need a subscription?

After its first month, yes. Smartravel's app instructions say: "Smartravel offers a one-month free trial of its GPS service. After the trial period, you can purchase an GPS value-added service plan on a monthly, quarterly, or annual basis." Ask us for the current plan prices (GPS and the app).

What does the Smartravel app do?

It shows the battery level, speed, mileage and the bike's position, sets a geo-fence with alerts, cuts the bike's power remotely, raises over-speed, vibration and tow-away alarms, plays back past rides and changes the assist level, in Smartravel's app instructions (GPS and the app).

Do I need to assemble the Smartravel ST202 Pro when it arrives?

A little. Smartravel's FAQ calls the bike "90% assembled"; Bike Hombre installed the handlebars, front wheel, front fender, headlight, turn signals and pedals in about 30 minutes, and put the box at "over 130 lbs", so plan for two people to move it (setup).

What is the seat height on the ST202 Pro?

33 inches in Smartravel's FAQ, and 33.4 on ZOONLAI's table; the bench's dip measures 32.6. Seated, 37 of 100 riders at 5'8" put both feet flat, and for a 5'8" rider with the survey's median 32.6-inch inseam the 109% formula puts the saddle at 38.4 inches (the fit section).

How long does it take to charge the ST202 Pro battery?

Smartravel's FAQ says 5 hours in one answer and 5 to 6 in another, and its battery image 6 to 7 hours at 3 A. The included charger is rated 58.8 V 3 A, and 25 Ah at 3 A is 8.3 hours of full charging current, so plan on a night for each empty pack (the battery section).

What is the Raptor ST202 Pro's battery capacity?

52 V 50 Ah, 2,600 Wh, in two packs, on Smartravel's US page; Bike Hombre gives each pack as 52 V and 25 Ah. Every range figure here uses 2,600 Wh (the battery section).

How much does the Smartravel Raptor ST202 Pro weigh?

123.7 lb (56.2 kg) in Smartravel's specification. Plan storage and lifting for that plus whatever rides on the bike; the 350 lb limit counts the rider and cargo only (the weight section).

Does the ST202 Pro have hydraulic brakes?

Yes. Smartravel specifies hydraulic disc brakes front and rear, and Bike Hombre gives the rotors as 180 mm; in that reviewer's runs the Pro stopped in 13.5 feet from 20 mph (brakes, lights and display).

Will the ST202 Pro still work if the battery is dead?

Yes, as a pedal bike. "When the battery runs out, the ST202 pro seamlessly transitions into a traditional bike", Smartravel's FAQ says, and its seven gears help; still, 123.7 lb on fat tires is a lot to pedal on your own, so hold 25% back (the range section).

Is the Smartravel Raptor ST202 Pro worth it?

At $1,699.99 on our store on September 26, 2026, with free shipping to the contiguous United States, it puts two 1,200 W hub motors, 2,600 Wh, a GPS tracker, hydraulic brakes and suspension at both ends on one moped-style frame. It suits adults who ride mostly on the throttle where a machine of its power and speed may go (the verdict).

What do owners say about the Smartravel Raptor ST202 Pro?

On Smartravel's page, 6 of the 7 reviews give five stars and 1 gives four, as of September 26, 2026. A farm owner wrote: "The second motor is awesome, you can feel the difference when it's engaged."

Is the Raptor ST202 Pro UL certified?

Smartravel states on its page that the Pro is "Safety Certified in Accordance with UL 2849" and that it "has passed UL2849 safety certification". Need the certificate itself? Email us and we will get a copy from Smartravel in writing (the UL section).

Can I finance the Raptor ST202 Pro?

Yes. On September 26, 2026 Shop Pay offered $153.44 a month for 12 months at 15% APR, $1,841.28 in all, or $295.86 a month for 6 months, subject to an eligibility check by Affirm's lending partners.

What warranty does the ST202 Pro have?

Smartravel's warranty policy lists 12 months for the frame, the motors, the controller, the charger, the display and the batteries, and sends a bike bought outside its own site to its dealer. If a fault shows up on a Pro you bought here, it is ours to handle: send photos or video with your order number, and our listing commits that "Redtail coordinates repair or replacement remotely at no cost to the customer".

Should I buy the Raptor ST202 Pro or the Smartravel DK400?

Take the Pro for two driven wheels, 2,600 Wh and a tracker; take the DK400 for one motor Smartravel rates at 750 W sustained, 68.3 lb and $699.99. Our Smartravel DK400 review works out its range and fit the same way.

Limitations of this review

Twenty-two things this review cannot settle, listed so you can weigh them.

  1. We sell this bike. Read the red flags as closely as the green.
  2. This is a specification-verified review. Its figures come from Smartravel's published documents, statutes, our own store record, named reviewers' measurements, the published research the range and fit sections cite, or arithmetic on this page.
  3. Each range figure is for a steady ride: one speed on one grade with no wind and no stops. Stops, starts and headwinds cost more, and a tailwind less.
  4. One measured ride runs 14 to 47% above the model. Bike Hombre's 46.95 miles used 2,080 to 2,600 Wh by the bike's gauge against the model's 1,775 to 1,825 for the same miles, speed and climbing held steady; that ride had stops, a 40.1 mph top and about 7 miles on one motor, and a five-bar gauge reads in steps.
  5. Bafang's figures stand in for Smartravel's motors. Smartravel gives 1,200 W continuous, 1,500 W peak and a geared hub for each; the model uses Bafang's published shape for a geared hub, wound for 52 V and 35 mph. At 82% efficiency in place of Bafang's 80% floor, the 15 mph throttle figure moves from 133 miles to 152; rated at 1,500 W per motor, to 128.
  6. The model holds each motor to its continuous rating. It therefore prints no steady figure at 32 or 35 mph on the throttle, where the 1,500 W peaks would work for a stretch.
  7. Light-load motor losses are modeled, not measured. The physics reproduces Martin and colleagues' worked example and the motor reproduces Bafang's 80% at the rated point; the 275- and 311-mile cells depend most on the model's losses at light load.
  8. The model splits the work evenly between the two motors. How Smartravel's controller shares it is not published, and the one-motor figures assume the front hub freewheels.
  9. The switch between one motor and two is described by a reviewer and an owner. Bike Hombre and the farm owner describe engaging the second motor; the documents read here do not describe the control, and we will confirm it with Smartravel for you.
  10. The documents read here do not say how much of the pack the battery management releases. On one measured pedelec, researchers at KIT found 75% used in a standard range test, and the planning column keeps that 25% back.
  11. The tire coefficient is the median of ten 26 × 4.00 fat tires at 12 psi, a stand-in for the CHAO YANG 20 × 4.0 on the bike, and the tire table brackets it with the lowest and highest of the ten.
  12. The wheel is measured from Smartravel's side photograph. The model uses the tires as photographed, 22.7 inches across at the wheelbase scale; Smartravel's "20x4" is the rim size.
  13. The cold figures rest on one cell's laboratory data. Smartravel names LG cells without a model, so the central line uses McMaster University's LG HG2, bracketed by other published cell data, with the cells assumed to be at air temperature.
  14. The charge time is arithmetic on the charger's rating. Smartravel quotes 5, 5 to 6 and 6 to 7 hours; 25 Ah at the 3 A rating is 8.3 hours of full current, the full 50 Ah 16.7, and the documents read here do not say whether one charger fills both packs at once.
  15. How the 50 Ah splits between the two packs is Bike Hombre's figure, 25 Ah each; Smartravel's page gives the total.
  16. Where published figures differ, this review follows the US product page read on September 26, 2026. Its FAQ gives the seat as 33 inches and ZOONLAI's table as 33.4; ZOONLAI's table also lists a 68.9-inch length, a 42.1-inch height and a 34.25-inch rack against the page's 66.93 by 43.31 and the photograph's measure, and the rack's own rating is asked for in writing. Smartravel's documents also state more than one warranty term; this review states the 12 months in its warranty policy's table. The Smartravel documents read here print no rider-height range for the Pro, so the fit section sets ZOONLAI's size slider and Bike Hombre's range beside the model.
  17. The fit figures use the US Army's ANSUR II bodies: 6,068 soldiers aged 17 to 58, measured in 2010 to 2012, who are not the US public, so your own inseam decides your row.
  18. The cockpit is the one in Smartravel's side photograph. Its scale comes from ZOONLAI's 43.3-inch wheelbase, checked against three published figures to within three percent; the grip is read from an outline seen at an angle and bracketed across it, and the lean and hand tables seat the rider at the middle of the bench's flat, so sitting forward shortens the reach.
  19. The hand figure is a ceiling with a relaxed back. On a real ride your back and arms carry part of it, and the 109% formula is a starting point that the knee range and the heel check refine.
  20. The reviewers' measurements are theirs. Bike Hombre rode a bike the review calls a prototype, and the times, speeds and stopping distances in both reviews, Bike Hombre's and RunPlayBack's, were taken on their own surfaces and settings.
  21. The UL statements and the GPS plan are described in Smartravel's own words. The pages read here do not link the certificate itself or print the plan's prices.
  22. The price, the colorways and the stock state were read on September 26, 2026, and each can change; the recall search covers the CPSC's US database under the names listed.

The bottom line

For $1,699.99, the Raptor ST202 Pro puts a hub motor in each wheel, rated 1,200 W continuous and 1,500 W peak apiece, and two packs totaling 2,600 Wh on a moped-style frame, with a GPS tracker, hydraulic disc brakes, suspension at both ends, 20 × 4.0 tires, seven Shimano gears, a rack and fenders.

A 180 lb rider on level pavement can count on about 133 miles at 15 mph on the throttle, or 188 with easy pedaling, and every 1,000 feet of climbing at 10 mph on the throttle costs 158 to 188 Wh; a measured day of stops and hills runs higher, so the plan keeps a quarter in reserve.

Our Smartravel brand profile compares the Pro with the single-motor Raptor ST202 and the four other Smartravels we sell, pack by pack and price by price.

It suits adults who ride on the throttle, from about 5'9" up with flat feet at the stops, and who can store a 123.7 lb bike. On Shop Pay the 12-month plan at 15% APR works out to $153.44 a month, subject to an eligibility check.

Settle the class before you pay: the motors hold 1,200 W each and Smartravel publishes 35 mph, above the e-bike definitions quoted here. Tell us where you ride before ordering, and we will set out what the rule there asks of this machine.

Gray, green or white, each at $1,699.99 against a $2,699.99 regular price. This button orders gray; green and white are one click each. Shipping is free to the contiguous United States, and if the bike arrives damaged we file the carrier claim.

Buy yours in gray or green

Source register

Each document this review relies on, and what it supports.

T1 is the record itself, read from the party that issued it: a statute, a federal regulation or notice, the maker's own product page, record, policy and instructions, our own store record.

T2 is a party's own publication about its product or its measurements: the motor maker's workbook, the research groups' and laboratories' published measurements, and the reviewers' recorded measurements.

Source Tier What it supports
Smartravel, Raptor ST202 Pro product page and product record T1 (manufacturer, primary) Every specification row, the range figures and gallery images, the FAQ, the UL statement, the tracker's features, the owner reviews and the listing date
Smartravel, ST202 app instructions, manuals page and warranty and return policy T1 (manufacturer, primary) The app's features in its own words, the GPS service plan, the warranty table and the dealer route
ZOONLAI, Raptor ST202 Pro listing T1 (the maker's own second store: "Zoonlai and Smartravel are part of the same company") The geometry table, the size slider, the adult sizing line, the UL badge and the second review count
15 U.S.C. § 2085 · Cal. Veh. Code § 312.5 · Cal. Veh. Code § 406 T1 (GPO, legislature) The definitions and lines, quoted
43 CFR 8340.0-5 · 36 CFR 261.13 · 36 CFR 261.1b · 87 FR 41278 T1 (federal regulation and notice) BLM and Forest Service e-bike rules and the penalty
CPSC recall database T1 (federal agency) The recall search and its controls
Redtail eBikes shipping policy, refund policy and our listing T1 (first party) Price, colorways, Shop Pay terms, shipping scope, damage window, claim handling, change-of-mind terms
Bike Hombre, review and range ride · RunPlayBack, review T2 (the reviewers' own recorded measurements) Acceleration, top speed, the hill, stopping distances, the display check, assembly, the pack split, the rack figure, the suspension's feel and the measured ride that checks the range model
Bafang workbook 2021 T2 (motor maker, primary) The comparable hub motor's shape, efficiency floor and torque
Martin et al., 1998 T2 (own validation) The cycling-power model, its worked example and chain efficiency
Bicycle Rolling Resistance (Kenda Juggernaut Pro, temperature test) · Rothhämel, 2023 T2 (own published measurements) Fat-tire rolling resistance and its change with temperature
Tengattini and Bigazzi, 2018 T2 (own field measurements) Drag areas, upright and mountain-bike
Arango, Lopez and Ceren, 2021 · Schmitt, Decker and Doppelbauer, 2019 T2 (own measurements) Battery efficiency; usable pack energy on a measured pedelec
McMaster HG2 data; Samsung sheets (25R, 30Q, 35E); Casado et al., 2025 · U.S. Standard Atmosphere, 1976 T2 / T1 Cell energy by temperature and its brackets; air density
US Army ANSUR II, 2012 T1 (federal agency data) The 6,068 bodies behind every fit figure
Peveler et al., 2005 · Peveler et al., 2007 · Ferrer-Roca et al., 2012 T2 (peer-reviewed measurements) The saddle formula, its published range and the knee target
Priego Quesada et al., 2017 · Slane et al., 2011 · Carahalios, 2015 · Clauser et al., 1969 T2 (own published measurements) Comfort by trunk position, hand pressure, the measured load on the bars, and the segment weights

Expiry conditions

Re-read this page if Smartravel changes the Pro's price, specification, range figures, seat height or motor ratings on its US product page; if Smartravel publishes or confirms in writing the rack's rating, the motor switch, the GPS plan prices or the certificate; or if the price, the colorways or the Shop Pay terms change on our store.

Re-read it as well if a recall is published naming Smartravel, ZOONLAI or the ST202. Verified September 26, 2026.

References

The full bibliographic record for each document cited above, with the date it was retrieved.

  1. Smartravel, Smartravel Raptor ST202 Pro Dual Motor and Battery eBike — product page (spec strip, feature copy, Spec&Size table, gallery images, FAQs, customer reviews, trust badges, as rendered under the US market). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.smartravelor.com/products/smartravel-raptor-st202-pro
  2. Smartravel, Raptor ST202 Pro — product record, variant prices and compare-at prices, SKUs ZM22 pro-green and ZM22 pro-grey, and creation date. Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.smartravelor.com/products/smartravel-raptor-st202-pro.json
  3. Smartravel, Smartravel Ebike App Instruction (ST202; the file name carries 20231212): GPS, registration, home page, geo-fencing, remote control, alarms, navigation, service plan, overspeed setting, gear level. Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0704/0172/0642/files/Smartravel-Ebike-ST202-App-Instruction-20231212.pdf
  4. Smartravel, Download my owner's manual or view assembly video (manuals page). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.smartravelor.com/pages/download-my-owners-manual-or-view-assembly-video
  5. Smartravel, Warranty&Return Policy (warranty region, the component table, exclusions, claims). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.smartravelor.com/pages/return-policy
  6. ZOONLAI, Smartravel Raptor ST202 Pro — product page (geometry table, size slider, FAQs, customer reviews, UL badge). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.zoonlai.com/products/smartravel-raptor-st202-pro
  7. Bike Hombre, Smartravel Raptor ST202 Pro E-Bike Review | 3000w of Power, Dual Motors & Under $2k!, YouTube, May 24, 2025 (assembly, specifications, speedometer check, acceleration, top speed, hill climb, braking). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1B_RvQpHkuk
  8. Bike Hombre, Smartravel Raptor ST202 Pro Range Test | 3000w, Dual Motors, Dual Batteries, 35+mph, YouTube, June 6, 2025 (46.95 miles, 2,766 ft of climbing, 21.6 mph average, rider weight, battery bars). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ll_RrbFWgqI
  9. RunPlayBack, Smartravel Raptor ST202 Pro: Dual Motor Power on Serious Off-Road Terrain, YouTube, March 8, 2026 (top speed on a GPS logger, walk-through, ride). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5rUrYYQPBw8
  10. US Government Publishing Office, 15 U.S.C. § 2085 — Low-speed electric bicycles, subsection (b). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2024-title15/html/USCODE-2024-title15-chap47-sec2085.htm
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  13. Bureau of Land Management, 43 CFR § 8340.0-5, paragraphs (a)(5) and (j) (85 FR 69223, Nov. 2, 2020). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-43/subtitle-B/chapter-II/subchapter-H/part-8340
  14. Forest Service, US Department of Agriculture, 36 CFR § 261.13 — Motor vehicle use. Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-36/chapter-II/subchapter-B/part-261/subpart-A/section-261.13
  15. Forest Service, US Department of Agriculture, 36 CFR § 261.1b — Penalty (89 FR 92815, Nov. 25, 2024). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-36/chapter-II/subchapter-B/part-261/subpart-A/section-261.1b
  16. US Forest Service, Directive Publication Notice, 87 FR 41278 (July 12, 2022), recording the final e-bike directives issued March 31, 2022. Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2022/07/12/2022-14777/directive-publication-notice
  17. US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Recall database, recall title, product name and manufacturer queries for Smartravel, Smart Travel, Smartravelor, ZOONLAI and ZonMen, a model-code read of a 623-record corpus, and controls Ancheer / Specialized / Trek. Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.saferproducts.gov/
  18. Redtail eBikes, Shipping policy. Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://redtailebikes.com/policies/shipping-policy
  19. Redtail eBikes, Refund policy (48-hour damage window, change-of-mind and cancellation terms). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://redtailebikes.com/policies/refund-policy
  20. Redtail eBikes, Smartravel Raptor ST202 Pro storefront record and Shop Pay terms (price, compare-at price, colorways, availability, warranty and repair terms, installment plans). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://redtailebikes.com/products/smartravel-raptor-st202-pro
  21. Affirm, Affirm's lending partners (the lenders behind Shop Pay Installments). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.affirm.com/lenders
  22. BAFANG, Workbook OEM 2021, MOTORS table, RM G0H0 column: n0, nT, efficiency and maximum torque at 48 V. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://www.bafang-e.com/Uploaded/Labels/BAFANG%20Workbook%20OEM%202021.pdf
  23. Martin, J. C., Milliken, D. L., Cobb, J. E., McFadden, K. L. and Coggan, A. R., Validation of a Mathematical Model for Road Cycling Power, Journal of Applied Biomechanics 14(3):276–291 (1998), Eq. 14 and Appendix I; doi 10.1123/jab.14.3.276. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://collections.lib.utah.edu/dl_files/b4/8e/b48ef26086091662c561e673d7bd990d77868437.pdf
  24. Bierman, J., Fat Bike Tires Test Results, BicycleRollingResistance.com, rolling resistance at 12 psi, 28.8 km/h, 42.5 kg. Retrieved September 25, 2026. https://www.bicyclerollingresistance.com/fat-bike-reviews
  25. Bierman, J., Kenda Juggernaut Pro 2016, BicycleRollingResistance.com, rolling-resistance results. Retrieved September 25, 2026. https://www.bicyclerollingresistance.com/fat-bike-reviews/kenda-juggernaut-pro-2016
  26. Bierman, J., CRR at Different Temperatures: Examining Temperature Dependence of Rolling Resistance, BicycleRollingResistance.com. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://www.bicyclerollingresistance.com/specials/crr-temperature-test
  27. Rothhämel, M., On rolling resistance of bicycle tyres with ambient temperature in focus, International Journal of Vehicle Systems Modelling and Testing 17:67–80 (2023); doi 10.1504/IJVSMT.2023.132317. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://www.inderscience.com/filter.php?aid=132317
  28. Tengattini, S. and Bigazzi, A. Y., Physical characteristics and resistance parameters of typical urban cyclists, Journal of Sports Sciences 36(20):2383–2391 (2018), Table 4; doi 10.1080/02640414.2018.1458587. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://civil-reactlab.sites.olt.ubc.ca/files/2022/11/Tengattini_2018_Physical-characteristics-and-resistance-parameters-of-typical-urban-cyclists.pdf
  29. Arango, I., Lopez, C. and Ceren, A., Improving the Autonomy of a Mid-Drive Motor Electric Bicycle Based on System Efficiency Maps and Its Performance, World Electric Vehicle Journal 12(2):59 (2021), Eq. (40); doi 10.3390/wevj12020059. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://mdpi-res.com/d_attachment/wevj/wevj-12-00059/article_deploy/wevj-12-00059.pdf
  30. Schmitt, M., Decker, S. and Doppelbauer, M., Measuring and Characterization of a Pedal Electric Cycle (Pedelec) on a Full System Test-Bench with Full Range Emulation of a Cyclist, EPE'19 ECCE Europe (IEEE, 2019); doi 10.23919/EPE.2019.8915567. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000100371/50695920
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  37. Redtail eBikes, Raptor ST202 Pro range model, the computation set out in the range section of this review, every input and its source in its inputs table, checked against Bike Hombre's measured ride; run September 26, 2026. https://redtailebikes.com/blogs/journal/smartravel-raptor-st202-pro-review#range
  38. Redtail eBikes, Raptor ST202 Pro fit model, the computation set out in the fit section of this review, every input and its source in its inputs table, the photograph's controls beside it; run September 26, 2026. https://redtailebikes.com/blogs/journal/smartravel-raptor-st202-pro-review#fit
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