A rider in a full-face helmet and gloves on the Riding'times GT73 electric dirt bike with pedals, crossing a rock slab at dusk, the trees behind him streaked by the camera's pan

Riding Times GT73 · electric dirt bike with pedals · $1,499 · 2,400 W peak rear hub motor · 126 N·m · two 48 V 18.2 Ah packs, 1,747 Wh · 85 miles on the throttle and 155 on pedal assist, as Riding'times publishes them · Limited Mode 15.5 mph · 116 lb · 330 lb max load · rider height 5'5" to 6'3" · verified September 26, 2026

Quick Answer — At $1,499, the Riding'times GT73 puts two removable 48 V packs (1,747 Wh), a 2,400 W peak rear hub motor, full suspension and working pedals on a full-size dirt-bike frame. For a 180 lb rider on level pavement, a full charge works out to about 83 miles at 15.5 mph on the throttle, the cap Limited Mode sets.

Ride at 20 mph and that falls to about 63 miles; add easy pedaling at 15.5 mph and it climbs to 121. Riding'times prints 85 miles on the throttle and 155 on pedal assist, and the range section prices your own ride by speed, climbing, load, temperature and tires.

Its Unlimited Mode reaches 37 mph at Level 3, and each motor figure Riding'times publishes for the GT73 sits above the 750 W of the federal e-bike definition; the class section covers where that leaves it.

Our store listed the GT73 as orderable on September 26, 2026, at $1,499, with $2,599 shown as the regular price. It ships free to the contiguous United States, and a warranty claim starts with our US support desk.

Buy the GT73 for $1,499

What this review covers

What $1,499 buys · What it is · Will it fit you · Motor and speed levels · The packs · How far it goes · Brakes and lights · Suspension, tires and water · Weight and load · The Mercer fit test · UL · Recalls · The class question · Where to ride it · Green and red flags · The verdict · Checklist · Buying it from us · FAQ · Limitations · The bottom line · References

How we verified this Riding'times GT73 review

Each number on this page was read on September 26, 2026 from Riding'times' GT73 product page, its product record, the Riding'times FAQ, its warranty page, our listing, or the statutes quoted in the class section. The range and fit figures are computed, and each of those sections closes with its formula and the source of every input.

The review is specification-verified: every figure was checked against the manufacturer's published specification and recomputed, and the range model reproduces the road-cycling benchmark it is built on. We sell the GT73, so read the red flags with the same care as the green.

Written by Milad Ghobadibeygvand, BScN (Western University, 2014). Corrections: support@redtailebikes.com.

What $1,499 buys

Riding'times' published figure
Type "GT73 Dual-Battery Off-Road All-Terrain Electric Dirt Bike with Pedals"
Motor "Rear Gear Hub Motor 2400W", labeled "2400W Peak Motor" in the headline strip
Rated power "a 1200W rear hub motor (peaking at 2400W)" in its June 19, 2025 comparison post
Torque 126 N·m
Controller "48V 30A Integrated Controller"
Batteries "Dual Battery - 48V 18.2Ah*2 Removable Lithium Battery UL 2849 Compliant"
Energy 1,747 Wh ("48V 36.4Ah 1747Wh Total Capacity"); 1,750 Wh on Riding'times' menu cards
Range "Throttle only: 85 miles", "Pedal Assist (PAS): 155 miles", "Range varies based on speed and load weight"; a banner on the same page reads "68 miles Max Range"
Top speed 28–37 mph in the specification table; 37 mph in the headline strip and the FAQ
Limited Mode 25 km/h (15.5 mph) on every level
Unlimited Mode Level 1 15.5 mph, Level 2 21.7 mph, Level 3 37 mph
Sensor Cadence
Throttle Full-twist
Chargers Two, 54.6 V 2 A ("Dual Charger 54.6V 2A x2")
Charge time 9–10 hours
Brakes "Dual hydraulic disc brakes, 230 mm rotors + EABS" in the product record
Suspension "Adjustable Damping Aluminum Front Fork + 1200-LBS Rear Shock"
Tires 70/100-19 off-road motorcycle tires, listed as 25 × 3" in the specification table and 25 × 4" in the FAQ
Rims "Enhanced Load-bearing 7074 Aluminum Alloy"
Lights Front and rear LED, turn signals, a 2-in-1 brake and turn-signal light, optional ambient light
Water resistance IPX4 in the specification table; the FAQ gives all models an IPX5 exterior
Weight 116 lb
Max load 330 lb
Size 73.82 × 28.74 × 45.91 in (L × W × H); the geometry block gives 74.8 in long and 44.1 in high
Wheelbase 50.0 in
Seat height 30.3 in; rear seat height 35.4 in
Pedal ground clearance 5.1 in
Rider height 5'5" to 6'3" in the geometry block; 140–190 cm in the FAQ
Age "Recommended Age: 12 years and above" (FAQ)
In the box The bike, the 70/100-19 front wheel, the front fender, a "Shock Absorber – 1800 lbs", pedals (L/R), two 54.6 V 2 A chargers, the user manual and eight wrenches
Shipping carton 62.60 × 12.60 × 33.07 in

Read September 26, 2026 from the GT73 product page, its product record, the FAQ and Riding'times' June 19, 2025 comparison post. Where two Riding'times documents give different figures for one item, the row prints both.

The Riding Times GT73: a dual-battery dirt bike with pedals

Riding'times titles the machine "GT73 Dual-Battery Off-Road All-Terrain Electric Dirt Bike with Pedals". The FAQ on that product page describes "a full-size electric dirt bike with pedals" and adds: "It is designed for recreational riding across pavement, gravel, packed dirt and suitable outdoor riding areas."

A rider in a full-face helmet and goggles sits astride the Riding'times GT73 on a gravel hilltop at sunset, with hills and a hazy valley behind

Sunset on a gravel hilltop: the rider sits astride the GT73 in a full-face helmet and goggles, with the key in the ignition by the handlebar.

Riding'times' site-wide FAQ describes the same bike in other words. Under the heading "GT73 — Motorcycle-Style Electric Commuter", it says the GT73 "is built primarily for urban commuting, school runs, and paved-road riding" and gives "a comfortable and sporty experience without being intended for off-road use." That FAQ reserves the harder ground for the GT73 Pro, "Best for off-road, heavy use, and riders wanting premium performance."

Read together, the two texts agree on pavement; the product page adds gravel and packed dirt. For rough trail riding, the Pro is the model Riding'times points to, and our GT73 Pro review covers it. Whether a road, a school route or a path is open to either machine is the class question, which no description settles.

The Riding'times GT73 from the front on its left side: the fork and front disc, the round headlight above the number plate, a pack in the frame bay and a pedal on its crank

From the front, left side: the fork and front disc, the round headlight above the number plate, one pack in its bay between the frame rails, and a pedal on its crank.

The pedals ship in the box. Riding'times' box list names "Pedals - L/R", the product page's FAQ answers "Yes. The GT73 includes functional pedals as part of its full-size electric dirt bike platform", and the site FAQ groups the GT73 with the models that "are equipped with pedals and are designed for eBike-style operation." You thread them onto the cranks during assembly, and a chain carries your pedaling to the rear wheel.

Footpegs are a separate part. The box list names none; Riding'times sells them as "E-Bike Foot Pegs for Riding'times GT54 / GT73 Series", in five versions, three of them labeled for the GT73, and our Riding'times parts collection carries them.

A black folding footpeg with its spring-loaded steel mount and bolt, on a white background

A footpeg as Riding'times shows it on its GT54 and GT73 parts listing; it sells several versions, so the one that fits your GT73 is confirmed before the order.

GT73 or GT73 Pro?

Riding'times prints identical geometry figures and the same range for both, both come with pedals, and the GT73's own product page sets them side by side. The Pro asks $500 more and answers with higher voltage, 2.7 times the torque and quicker charging:

GT73 GT73 Pro
Motor "Rear Gear Hub Motor 2400W" "Rear Gear Hub Motor 3000W"
Torque 126 N·m 338 N·m
Batteries 48 V 18.2 Ah × 2, 1,747 Wh 60 V 18 Ah × 2, 2,160 Wh
Charge time 9–10 hours 5–6 hours
Top speed, specification table 28–37 mph 37–46 mph
Weight 116 lb 123 lb
Range, as published 85 mi throttle, 155 mi pedal assist 85 mi throttle, 155 mi pedal assist
Computed, 15.5 mph on the throttle, 180 lb rider 83 mi 95 mi
Price on our store $1,499 $1,999

The comparison table on Riding'times' GT73 page and our two listings, read September 26, 2026; the computed row is this site's range model run on each bike's published figures.

The product page's FAQ puts the difference in two sentences: "The GT73 uses a 2400W peak motor with dual 48V batteries. The GT73 Pro increases peak power to 3000W and uses dual 60V batteries, creating a more performance-focused electric dirt bike platform." Its record frames the choice as a riding style: "The GT73 focuses on versatility and everyday usability, while the GT73 Pro places a greater emphasis on adventure-oriented riding and trail capability."

Will the GT73 fit you?

The GT73's bench does not adjust, and on Riding'times' own photograph its lowest point stands 32.9 inches off the ground, so your inseam decides how a stop feels: seated, 41 of 100 riders at 5'8", 82 of 100 at 5'10" and 97 of 100 at 6'0" reach the ground with both feet flat.

Those figures come from setting 6,068 bodies from the US Army's 2012 anthropometric survey against Riding'times' published dimensions and its photograph of the GT73, with the pedaling height at 109% of inseam.

Placing yourself takes three steps:

  1. Measure your inseam. Stand in socks with your back against a wall, draw a hardcover book up firmly between your legs, and mark the wall at its top edge; floor to mark is your inseam.
  2. Look up your row in the standover table, which gives your clearance with the bench at 32.9 inches and at 30.3.
  3. If you plan to pedal, read the pedaling table, which shows how far the bench sits below the formula's height at your size.

Riding'times publishes two rider windows for the GT73: 5'5" to 6'3" in the geometry block on its product page, and 140 to 190 cm (4'7" to 6'3") in its FAQ. Both appear beside the model's rows below.

What Riding'times publishes Its figure On its photograph
Rider height 5'5" to 6'3" (geometry block); 140–190 cm (FAQ) not measurable
Seat height 30.3 in 32.9 in at the bench's lowest point
Rear seat height 35.4 in not measured
Pedal ground clearance 5.1 in 6.1 in to the pedal axle

Riding'times' geometry drawing with numbered lines for overall height, rear seat height, seat height, overall length, wheelbase, rear and front center, and pedal ground clearance

The geometry drawing on the GT73's product page, beside the nine figures above it; Riding'times shows the same drawing on the GT73 Pro's page, where the printed figures are identical.

Will I pedal with a bent knee?

Yes, at every height in the table: the bench sits below the formula's pedaling height for all but 1 of 100 riders at 5'0", and for every rider from 5'2" to 6'2". The formula puts the saddle 109% of inseam above the pedal axle (Peveler et al., 2005), within a published band that starts at 106% (Ferrer-Roca et al., 2012).

Because the GT73's bench cannot rise, the table reads as the knee bend you will pedal with. The height off the floor comes from the 12.3-inch crank axle and the 6.2-inch cranks, both measured on Riding'times' photograph.

Your height Typical inseam Formula saddle height, median rider The 32.9 in seat, median rider Riders it suits, of 100
5'0" 27.1–29.7 in 35.8 in 2.9 in low 1
5'2" 28.0–31.1 in 36.9 in 4.0 in low 0
5'4" 29.1–32.2 in 38.0 in 5.1 in low 0
5'6" 30.2–33.5 in 39.1 in 6.2 in low 0
5'8" 31.1–34.3 in 40.1 in 7.2 in low 0
5'10" 32.2–35.5 in 41.3 in 8.4 in low 0
6'0" 33.2–36.7 in 42.5 in 9.6 in low 0
6'2" 34.3–37.5 in 43.6 in 10.7 in low 0

For each height: the floor-to-saddle height the 109% formula asks of the median rider, how far the bench's 32.9 inches on Riding'times' photograph sits below it, and the riders of 100 whose 106 to 110.4% band contains the bench; Army survey bodies, men and women together.

From 5'0" to 6'2", the bench sits 2.9 to 10.7 inches below the formula's height. A seat that low bends the knee more at the bottom of each stroke. On the GT73 the throttle and the assist set the pace, and the effort table shows what your own pedaling still saves the packs.

Can I put a foot down at a stop?

That turns on your inseam and on which seat figure your bike matches: with the bench at the photograph's 32.9 inches, both feet go flat for 41 of 100 riders at 5'8", 82 of 100 at 5'10" and 97 of 100 at 6'0". At a stop you stay seated astride the bench, so its height is what your legs have to reach past.

Riding'times lists a seat height of 30.3 inches and a rear seat height of 35.4. Scaled by the published 50.0-inch wheelbase, its product photograph puts the bench's lowest point, where you sit, at 32.9 inches. Plan on the higher number until you have the bike in front of you.

Your height Typical inseam Clearance at 32.9 in At 30.3 in
5'0" 28.4 in −5.8 in −3.2 in
5'2" 29.5 in −4.9 in −2.3 in
5'4" 30.5 in −3.8 in −1.2 in
5'6" 31.7 in −2.7 in −0.1 in
5'8" 32.6 in −1.8 in 0.8 in
5'10" 33.8 in −0.7 in 1.9 in
6'0" 34.9 in 0.3 in 2.9 in
6'2" 36.0 in 1.4 in 4.0 in

Barefoot inseam minus each seat figure: 32.9 inches on Riding'times' photograph and 30.3 in its geometry block. Each cell is the clearance that 95 of 100 riders of that height meet or beat; a minus sign means the bench stands above that inseam.

Will I feel cramped, or stretched?

Neither: the grips sit 30.3 to 30.8 inches above the crank axle and 10.2 to 11.7 inches ahead of it, and every surveyed rider from 5'0" to 6'2" reaches them without leaning forward. Sitting upright, the median rider's elbows bend 64 to 80 degrees, the taller riders more, since the grips come back toward the bench.

In one study, twenty recreational cyclists rated the most upright of three trunk positions the most comfortable (Priego Quesada et al., 2017); the GT73 seats every height in the table that way.

Your height Lean from upright, median rider Riders who reach the grips sitting upright, of 100 Elbow bend sitting upright, median rider
5'0" 0° 100 64°
5'2" 0° 100 67°
5'4" 0° 100 69°
5'6" 0° 100 73°
5'8" 0° 100 75°
5'10" 0° 100 77°
6'0" 0° 100 78°
6'2" 0° 100 80°

The middle rider's trunk lean from vertical at each height, the riders of 100 who reach the grips with no lean at all, and the middle rider's elbow bend sitting upright, each worked from that body's measured torso and arms, with the grips measured on Riding'times' photograph.

How much weight goes through my wrists?

Very little: about 5 to 6 percent of your body weight at the median with your back relaxed. Ten road racers on the brake hoods in a laboratory put 15% of their weight on the bars (Carahalios, 2015); on the GT73's high, close grips the median rider's relaxed-back ceiling stays under half of that at every height in the table.

On broken ground your hands still hold the bar through each hit whatever your posture, and "Protective gloves" are on the safety list in Riding'times' FAQ.

Your height Share of your weight, back relaxed Median rider's weight On each hand
5'0" 5% (5–8%) 126 lb about 3 lb
5'2" 6% (5–7%) 139 lb about 4 lb
5'4" 6% (5–7%) 147 lb about 4 lb
5'6" 6% (5–7%) 166 lb about 5 lb
5'8" 6% (5–7%) 179 lb about 5 lb
5'10" 6% (5–7%) 192 lb about 6 lb
6'0" 6% (5–7%) 204 lb about 6 lb
6'2" 6% (5–7%) 216 lb about 7 lb

The most the hands carry with the back relaxed, from each body's segment weights (Clauser et al., 1969); the bracket runs across bench and grip positions, at the survey's median weight for each height.

How do I set it up when it arrives?

With a fixed bench, your setup is the pedals, the fork and the controls. The pedals go on during assembly: Riding'times' FAQ lists the front wheel, the handlebars and the pedals among the parts you fit yourself, and adds: "Make sure all bolts and fasteners are properly tightened during assembly."

For pedaling, the knee target in cycling research is a 25 to 35 degree bend with the pedal at the bottom (Peveler et al., 2007); on this bench most knees will bend further, as the pedaling table shows.

For the ride, Riding'times specifies an "Adjustable Damping Aluminum Front Fork", so set the damping to your weight and your ground before the first long ride. If you would rather not assemble it, the same FAQ suggests "seeking assistance from a local bike shop or qualified technician."

How we computed fit

Pedaling height is 1.09 × inseam from the pedal axle; standover clearance is inseam minus the bench's height; lean is the smallest trunk angle at which a straight arm reaches the grip; hand load is the upper body's weight times its lean, divided by the reach to the grip.

Worked for a 5'8" rider with the survey's median 32.6-inch inseam: the formula asks for 35.6 inches from the pedal, or 29.4 inches from the crank axle (88.3% of inseam gives 28.8), which puts the saddle 40.1 inches off the floor, 7.2 above the bench.

Input Value Source
Rider bodies 6,068 (4,082 men, 1,986 women) US Army ANSUR II, 2012
Pedaling formula 109% of inseam; range 106–110.4% Peveler et al., 2005; Ferrer-Roca et al., 2012
Bench height 32.9 in at its lowest point; 30.3 in printed measured on Riding'times' photograph; its geometry block
Crank length 6.2 in measured on Riding'times' photograph
Crank axle height 12.3 in (12.0–12.6) measured on Riding'times' photograph
Bench angle from the crank axle 71.2° (68.2–74.2°) measured on Riding'times' photograph
Grip center 10.2–11.7 in ahead, 30.3–30.8 in above the crank axle measured on Riding'times' photograph
Segment weights head and trunk 58.0%, each arm 4.9% of body weight Clauser et al., 1969

The photograph was held against Riding'times' own figures before anything was measured on it.

Dimension Maker lists Measured on its photograph Gap
overall length 74.8 in 73.2 in −2.1%
overall height 44.1 in 44.4 in +0.7%
rear center length 24.0 in 24.3 in +1.3%
front center length 24.8 in 25.7 in +3.6%
seat height 30.3 in 32.9 in +8.6%
pedal ground clearance 5.1 in 6.1 in +20.2%

Scaled axle center to axle center from the published 50.0-inch wheelbase on Riding'times' drive-side photograph of the GT73. The overall length, the overall height and the rear center agree within 3.5 percent; the seat height and the pedal clearance measure differently on the photograph, so the model takes the bench from the photograph and prints both standover figures.

Close to 5'5", or between two rows of the tables? Send your height and inseam to support@redtailebikes.com and we will run them through this fit model before you order. On our store the GT73 is $1,499, delivered free.

Buy it with free delivery

A 2,400 W peak hub motor, 126 N·m and three levels

The specification table lists a "Rear Gear Hub Motor 2400W" with 126 N·m of torque, and the headline strip beside it calls the same figure "2400W Peak Motor". A peak is what the motor gives in a short burst. Riding'times' June 19, 2025 comparison post names the rating it holds: "a 1200W rear hub motor (peaking at 2400W)".

The Riding'times GT73 from behind on its drive side: the rear hub motor in the spoked wheel, the chain from the chainring along the swingarm, a pedal on its crank and the tail light

From behind on the drive side: the hub motor inside the rear wheel, the chain from the chainring along the swingarm, a pedal on its crank, and the tail light under the rear fender.

The motor lives in the rear wheel, and a "48V 30A Integrated Controller" feeds it. You call on it two ways: a full-twist throttle, and pedal assist through a cadence sensor, which responds to the cranks turning rather than to how hard you push them.

Riding'times' FAQ sets out the GT73's speeds in two programs of three levels each:

Program Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Limited Mode 15.5 mph 15.5 mph 15.5 mph
Unlimited Mode 15.5 mph (25 km/h) 21.7 mph (35 km/h) 37 mph (60 km/h)

Riding'times' FAQ, "What is the speed for each model?", read September 26, 2026; the kilometer figures are Riding'times', and the mile figures are its own conversions.

Riding'times explains that Limited Mode "is a speed-restricted riding mode designed to comply with local eBike regulations in many regions", and that with it on, "the maximum speed of the eBike is capped at 25 km/h (15.5 mph) regardless of the selected pedal-assist or throttle level."

At the other end, the specification table gives a top speed of 28 to 37 mph, "Speed varies based on road condition and load weight", and the headline strip and the FAQ both give 37 mph.

Your legs and the motor push the same wheel. The hub turns with the rear wheel, and the chain from your cranks drives that wheel too, so every watt you add at a given speed is one the packs do not supply; the effort table counts them.

Two 48 V 18.2 Ah packs, 1,747 Wh

Two packs of 48 V and 18.2 Ah hold 1,747.2 watt-hours, which Riding'times' headline strip rounds to "48V 36.4Ah 1747Wh Total Capacity" and its menu cards to 1,750 Wh. Its specification table calls both packs removable and "UL 2849 Compliant".

Two chargers come with the bike, 54.6 V at 2 A each, and Riding'times gives 9 to 10 hours for a full charge. Those hours square with each charger filling one pack: 18.2 Ah at 2 A is about 9.1 hours from empty.

Before you plug in, the FAQ asks you to confirm that "The battery power switch is turned OFF", that "The eBike is completely powered OFF" and that "The charger and charging port are clean and dry", and to use "the original charger supplied with the eBike."

For a long layup, the same FAQ recommends keeping each pack between 40% and 60%, indoors in a dry place and above 0°C (32°F), topped up "every 1–2 months", and taken off the bike where possible. It also warns that "Long-term storage with a fully depleted battery may reduce battery lifespan."

How far the GT73 goes on one charge

On level pavement a 180 lb rider gets about 83 miles from a full charge at 15.5 mph on the throttle, 63 at 20 mph, and 121 at 15.5 mph with easy pedaling. Hold 10 mph up an 8% grade on the throttle and the same charge lasts 13 miles.

To price your own ride:

  1. Find your speed and your effort in the first two tables.
  2. Set aside 217 to 271 Wh of the 1,747 for each 1,000 feet you climb (10 mph on the throttle, 4 to 8% grades), or 185 to 266 with easy pedaling up 4 to 10% (the hills table).
  3. Correct for your load and the air temperature, and plan on three quarters of what is left.

Every table holds one steady ride at a time, computed from Riding'times' specification, Bafang's published figures for a comparable geared hub motor, drum measurements of knobby tires, the GT73's own tire size and a cycling-power model validated on an open road. The formula subsection takes one ride through every step.

Does riding faster cut range? Miles at each speed

Speed decides first on the flat: on the throttle, a full charge runs 113 miles at 10 mph and 38 at 28. Between 15.5 and 20 mph the charge shrinks from 83 miles to 63, because the power the air takes climbs with the cube of your speed.

Speed, flat Per mile Full charge With 25% kept
10 mph 15.4 Wh 113 mi 85 mi
12 mph 17.1 Wh 102 mi 77 mi
15.5 mph 21.0 Wh 83 mi 62 mi
18 mph 24.6 Wh 71 mi 53 mi
20 mph 27.9 Wh 63 mi 47 mi
22 mph 31.6 Wh 55 mi 41 mi
25 mph 38.2 Wh 46 mi 34 mi
28 mph 45.9 Wh 38 mi 29 mi

Throttle only on level pavement, a 180 lb rider at 77 °F. The last column holds back a quarter of the packs, the reserve a measured pedelec kept to avoid deep discharge in Schmitt, Decker and Doppelbauer's test-bench study. Rows above 15.5 mph need Unlimited Mode, which the class section takes up.

Easy pedaling carries a charge much further: 75 W from your legs at 15.5 mph lifts it from 83 miles to 121. In these tables easy pedaling is 75 W and steady pedaling 150 W. With the motor off, 75 W would move this bike at about 7.7 mph on level ground and 150 W at about 12.0 mph, so pick the column your legs could hold on their own.

Speed, flat Throttle only Easy pedaling (75 W) Steady pedaling (150 W)
15.5 mph 83 mi 121 mi 207 mi
18 mph 71 mi 93 mi 130 mi
20 mph 63 mi 77 mi 99 mi
22 mph 55 mi 65 mi 79 mi
25 mph 46 mi 52 mi 59 mi
28 mph 38 mi 42 mi 46 mi

Full-charge miles on level pavement for a 180 lb rider; at 15.5 mph easy pedaling draws 14.5 Wh a mile where the throttle alone draws 21.0. The 207-mile cell has your legs doing more than the motor, so it leans hardest on the model's least certain part, the motor's losses at light load (Limitations item 5).

The speed levels decide which rows you ride in. With Limited Mode on, every level holds 15.5 mph or less; in Unlimited Mode, Level 2 holds 21.7 mph and Level 3 runs to 37.

Mode Its speed cap Full charge at the cap With 25% kept
Limited mode, every level 15.5 mph 83 mi 62 mi
Level 1 15.5 mph 83 mi 62 mi
Level 2 21.7 mph 56 mi 42 mi

Level pavement, a 180 lb rider, each level held at its cap with the motor doing the work; on a cadence sensor the motor answers the cranks turning, so these rows take your legs as spinning without pushing. Level 3 is left out: the model's comparable motor, rated 1,000 W, tops out near 28.5 mph on the flat with that rider, so it does not price the 37 mph Level 3 figure.

Does pedaling save battery? Your effort decides

Pedal and the packs work less. One chain from your cranks and a hub motor that spins with the wheel share the GT73's rear wheel, so at a fixed speed and grade the draw falls as your push grows:

Your ride Throttle only Easy pedaling (75 W) Steady pedaling (150 W)
15.5 mph, flat 21.0 Wh 14.5 Wh 8.4 Wh
20 mph, flat 27.9 Wh 22.6 Wh 17.7 Wh
12 mph, 4% grade 60.5 Wh 47.5 Wh 35.7 Wh
12 mph, 8% grade 123.8 Wh 105.0 Wh 88.0 Wh

Watt-hours drawn from the packs per mile for a 180 lb rider at 77 °F; easy pedaling is 75 W from you and steady pedaling 150 W.

Climbing an 8% grade at 12 mph, the throttle alone takes 123.8 Wh a mile; easy pedaling brings that to 105.0 and steady pedaling to 88.0. A watt from your legs spares the motor that watt and the heat the motor and the packs would have lost making it.

The winter advice in Riding'times' FAQ points the same way: "Use lower assist levels when possible".

Does going uphill drain the battery faster?

Much faster: at 10 mph on the throttle up 4 to 8% grades, every 1,000 feet of climbing costs 217 to 271 Wh more than the same distance on the level, or 185 to 266 with easy pedaling up 4 to 10%. Lifting you and the bike is 41 to 51% of the throttle figure; the motor and the packs lose the rest, and their share grows as the grade steepens.

A 180 lb rider on the 116 lb GT73 makes 296 lb, and raising 296 lb through 1,000 feet takes 111 Wh at the rear wheel.

On an 8% grade at 10 mph on the throttle, the packs spend 308 Wh on each 1,000 feet, which puts the whole 1,747 Wh at about 5,673 feet of climbing with nothing kept for the flat. Descents earn no credit in the model; coasting downhill costs less than riding the same distance on the level, so a budget built from these rows keeps a little in hand.

Grade Per mile, throttle Full charge, throttle Full charge, easy pedaling
2% 36 Wh 49 mi 78 mi
4% 61 Wh 29 mi 39 mi
6% 92 Wh 19 mi 24 mi
8% 130 Wh 13 mi 17 mi

10 mph and a 180 lb rider; the right-hand column adds 75 W of easy pedaling. The model caps the motor's draw at what the "48V 30A Integrated Controller" can feed, 48 V × 30 A = 1,440 W. Holding 10 mph on the throttle up 10% or steeper asks more than that, so those grades are left out: on them the GT73 climbs more slowly, or with your legs adding power.

Budget a hilly ride as its level miles plus its climbing. Thirty level miles at 15.5 mph on the throttle use about 630.6 Wh, and 2,000 feet of 8% climbing adds about 542.7, so the ride takes about 1,173.3 Wh of the 1,747.2. Wind, stops and starts come on top, because the model rides every mile at an even pace.

Does rider weight affect range?

A heavier load costs a little on level ground and a lot on a hill. Extra weight adds to the work of the tires and of the grade but not to the air's share, so the gap widens as the road tilts up.

You plus your load 15.5 mph flat, throttle 20 mph flat, throttle 8% climb, 10 mph
100 lb 96 mi 70 mi 21 mi
130 lb 91 mi 67 mi 18 mi
180 lb 83 mi 63 mi 13 mi
220 lb 78 mi 59 mi —
260 lb 73 mi 57 mi —
330 lb 66 mi 52 mi —

Everyone and everything on the bike, with the GT73's own 116 lb added to every row because the motor carries it too; throttle only. A dash marks a climb the model cannot hold at 10 mph within the controller's 1,440 W. The 330 lb row is Riding'times' max load, which its FAQ counts as "Rider weight", "Passenger weight (if applicable)" and "Cargo and accessories".

Moving from 180 lb to 260 lb trims the level 15.5 mph ride from 83 miles to 73. At the full 330 lb, the level ride at 15.5 mph still reaches about 66 miles.

On an 8% climb at 10 mph the controller's 1,440 W carries 180 lb aboard but not 220 lb or more, since on a grade most of the power at the wheel goes into lifting; a heavier load takes that grade more slowly, or with pedaling.

Does cold weather drain the battery?

Yes, and each step colder costs more. The throttle ride that covers 83 miles at 77 °F comes to about 65 at 32 °F, 22% less, inside the 10% to 30% cold-weather loss Riding'times' FAQ describes.

Air Pack energy vs 77 °F 15.5 mph flat, throttle
95 °F 99% 88 mi
77 °F 100% 83 mi
68 °F 98% 79 mi
50 °F 93% 70 mi
41 °F 91% 67 mi
32 °F 89% (80–93) 65 mi (58–68)
14 °F 82% (40–83) 59 mi (28–59)

Level pavement and a 180 lb rider. The central figures are McMaster University's measured LG HG2 cell, recomputed at a 0.5C discharge; the laboratory measured 77, 50, 32 and 14 °F, the other rows are interpolated, and the cells are taken to sit at air temperature.

The brackets show the spread across published cell data. Each low end is the least capacity Samsung's data sheets print at that temperature for a cell drained at one to four times its capacity per hour (the 25R and 30Q at 32 °F, the 35E at 14 °F); each high end is the most energy Casado and colleagues measured in 2025 at a slower rate.

Three losses add up below freezing. The cells hand back about 89% of their 77 °F energy, and the air is about 9% denser, by the gas law in the U.S. Standard Atmosphere. Cold rubber is the third: the model raises rolling resistance 0.5% for each °F below 77 °F, between Rothhämel's fit for a bicycle tire and Bicycle Rolling Resistance's road-tire average, and holds its 41 °F value below 41 °F.

Riding in the cold is fine by Riding'times; storing a pack in it is not, since "prolonged exposure to freezing temperatures may cause permanent battery damage". Carry the packs indoors between winter rides.

Do knobby tires cut range? Tires and riding position

On level ground the tires move range more than your posture does. The drum behind the model tests bicycle tires and holds no reading for a 70/100-19 motorcycle tire, so the model uses the heaviest-rolling knobby casings Bicycle Rolling Resistance has measured, a coefficient of 0.0126, bracketed by Tengattini and Bigazzi's field average for 138 riders on knobby tires.

Rolling resistance 15.5 mph flat, throttle 20 mph flat, throttle
0.0092 · the knobby field average, 138 riders 96 mi 70 mi
0.0126 · the heaviest knobby casings on the drum (used) 83 mi 63 mi
0.0131 · the field average plus one standard deviation 82 mi 62 mi

Full-charge miles on level pavement for a 180 lb rider. The heaviest casings are Kenda's Juggernaut Pro, 0.01262 on the site, and Schwalbe's Hans Dampf at extra-low pressure.

Sand, loose dirt and wet grass have no drum figure at all, so treat any off-pavement mile as costing more than these rows.

Posture matters more as the speed rises. The model uses a drag area of 0.640 m², measured by Tengattini and Bigazzi on 37 upright cruiser riders; their 0.603 m² for 90 mountain-bike riders would stretch the 20 mph ride from 63 miles to 65.

Riding'times' 85 and 155 miles, matched to real rides

Riding'times' 85 miles on the throttle, 155 on pedal assist and the 68 miles on its banner each match a steady ride on level pavement. Its page adds that "Range varies based on speed and load weight", and its FAQ answer lists "rider weight, terrain, speed, temperature, tire pressure, battery condition and riding style."

  • 85 miles leaves 20.6 Wh a mile: about 15.2 mph on the throttle, 19.0 mph with easy pedaling, or 21.4 with steady pedaling.
  • 68 miles leaves 25.7 Wh a mile: about 18.8 mph on the throttle, 21.5 with easy pedaling, or 23.5 with steady pedaling.
  • 155 miles leaves 11.3 Wh a mile. The throttle alone never draws that little in the model; its lowest is about 13.5 Wh a mile, near 5 mph. It takes easy pedaling at about 13.6 mph or steady pedaling at about 17.0.

So the 85-mile figure fits a ride near Limited Mode's 15.5 mph, the 68-mile banner fits a quicker one, and the 155-mile figure fits riding where your legs carry a real share. The model's 15.5 mph throttle ride, 83 miles, lands just under the 85, and easy pedaling at 15.5 mph, 121 miles, sits below the 155.

Build your plan on 75% of any figure here. Riding'times' FAQ cautions against storing a pack run flat, and holding back a quarter matches the reserve one measured pedelec kept. At 15.5 mph on the throttle, three quarters of a charge covers 62 of the full 83 miles.

Plan on three quarters of your row's figure. Set aside 217 to 271 Wh of the 1,747 for each 1,000 feet of climbing at 10 mph on the throttle, less when you pedal. For a 180 lb rider on level pavement, that plan comes to 62 miles at 15.5 mph on the throttle, or 47 at 20.

Thirty level miles at 15.5 mph plus 2,000 feet of 8% climbing take about 1,173 of the 1,747 Wh on the throttle, inside the 1,310 Wh that three quarters of a charge holds. Email support@redtailebikes.com with your distance, your climbing, your weight with gear and your usual speed, and we will price the ride before you buy.

Buy the GT73 now

How every figure here is worked out

Holding a steady speed takes a steady flow of power at the rear wheel. Martin and colleagues' model, validated on an open road in 1998, gives that power in one line for a constant speed in still air:

Power at the wheel = v × [ m × g × (Crr × cos θ + sin θ) + ½ × ρ × CdA × v² ]

Here v is the speed, m the combined mass of rider, cargo and bike, g gravity, θ the angle of the slope, Crr the tires' rolling resistance (0.0126 is a drag of 1.26% of the weight on the tires), ρ the density of the air, and CdA the drag area, a measure of how much air the rider and bike push aside.

The first term in brackets is the tires and the grade and the second is the air; multiplied by v, the air's term grows with the cube of the speed.

Four steps stand between the wheel and the battery:

  1. Your pedaling reaches the rear wheel through the chain at 97.7% efficiency, Martin and colleagues' figure, and the motor supplies what remains.
  2. The rear hub motor does all of the motor's share, turning with the wheel.
  3. The motor model follows a comparable motor's published figures: the model takes the RM G0H0 geared hub from Bafang's 2021 OEM workbook: an n0 of 510 rpm, an nT of 426 rpm, a rated 1,000 W and an efficiency of "≥ 80" percent, all at 48 V, the GT73's own pack voltage. On the GT73's wheel that motor spins up to 37.2 mph unloaded, beside the 37 mph Riding'times publishes.
  4. The packs lose some energy inside themselves, at the battery efficiency Arango, Lopez and Ceren measured.

From there, watt-hours per mile = battery watts ÷ mph, and miles = 1,747 Wh × the share of the pack's energy left at that temperature ÷ watt-hours per mile.

Input Value used Where it comes from
Bike 116 lb Riding'times' specification
Rider and cargo 180 lb; the weight table also runs 100, 130, 220, 260 and 330 330 lb is Riding'times' max load
Batteries 48 V × 18.2 Ah × 2 = 1,747.2 Wh Riding'times' specification
Motor one, the RM G0H0 at 48 V: 510 rpm unloaded, a rated 1,000 W at 80%, torque capped at 90 N·m Bafang OEM workbook 2021
Wheel 24.53 inches across, Michelin's published diameter for a 70/100-19 tire Michelin, StarCross 5 Medium sizes
Rolling resistance 0.0126, the heaviest knobby casings on the drum Bicycle Rolling Resistance
Drag area 0.640 m², 37 upright cruiser riders Tengattini and Bigazzi, 2018
Chain 97.7%, your pedaling only Martin et al., 1998
Battery losses 3.0% at 15.5 mph, more at climbing currents Arango, Lopez and Ceren, 2021
Air 77 °F at sea-level pressure, 1.184 kg/m³ U.S. Standard Atmosphere, 1976
Cold the share of a cell's energy left at each temperature McMaster University's LG HG2 cell data

One ride, worked through: 15.5 mph on level pavement on the throttle, 180 lb aboard. The tires take 115.2 W and the air 126.0 W, so the rear wheel needs 241.3 W.

At 15.5 mph the 24.53-inch wheel turns 212 rpm. In the motor model (0.899 N·m of torque per amp, a 0.304 Ω winding and a 1.10 A no-load current, each derived from Bafang's published figures), the motor makes 10.8 N·m on 13.2 A at 76.4% efficiency, under its 80% because the load is light, and draws 315.9 W.

With the packs' own losses added, the batteries supply 325.8 W: 21.02 Wh a mile at 15.5 mph, and 1,747.2 ÷ 21.02 comes to about 83.1 miles, or 62.3 from three quarters of a charge.

Two published benchmarks, recomputed. Both halves of the model land on the figures their sources print:

Check Published figure This model
Road physics, Martin and colleagues' worked example 45.7 W for tires and grade, 158.8 W for the air 45.7 W and 158.8 W
The comparable motor at Bafang's rated point at least 80% efficient 80%

The worked example in Martin and colleagues' Appendix I (8.36 m/s ground speed, a 90 kg system, a 0.3% grade) and the RM G0H0's rated point in Bafang's workbook, each recomputed by the model's self-test.

Brakes and lights

Riding'times' product record specifies "Dual hydraulic disc brakes, 230 mm rotors + EABS" on a 116 lb machine rated to carry 330 lb, and its product page is direct about why: "A high-power electric dirt bike needs dependable braking."

The Riding'times GT73 from the front on its drive side: the fork, the front disc and caliper, the round headlight cluster and the knobby 70/100-19 front tire

From the front on the drive side: the fork leg, the front disc and its caliper, the round headlight cluster above the number plate, and the knobby 70/100-19 front tire.

Riding'times' FAQ asks riders to "Regularly inspect your brakes, tires, and lights before riding."

The lighting follows motorcycle practice: front and rear LED lights, turn signals, a "2-in-1 Brake and Turn Signal Light" and an optional ambient light, which Riding'times lists in its specification table.

Suspension, tires and water

Riding'times specifies an "Adjustable Damping Aluminum Front Fork + 1200-LBS Rear Shock", and writes that "The GT73 full-suspension platform helps absorb bumps and uneven surfaces across pavement, gravel roads and recreational dirt trails." The box list adds a second rear shock, a "Shock Absorber – 1800 lbs".

Riding'times' parts-location drawing of the GT73, numbering the handlebar, fork, both batteries, controller, rear shock absorber, brake discs, chain, crank, foot pedal and foot support

Riding'times' own parts-location drawing of the GT73, the image on its GT73 replacement-part listings: numbered parts from the handlebar and the two batteries to the rear shock absorber, the chain, the crank, the foot pedal and the foot support, with the cockpit drawn below.

The tires are 70/100-19 off-road motorcycle tires on "Enhanced Load-bearing 7074 Aluminum Alloy" rims. Riding'times describes them as 25 × 3 inches in its specification table and 25 × 4 in its FAQ; the 70/100-19 size code is the one to shop by when a tire wears out.

Water: rain is fine, a pressure washer is not. The specification table rates the GT73 IPX4, and the FAQ says every model carries "an IPX5-rated exterior" that handles "Light rain", "Water splashes" and "Wet roads".

The same FAQ asks riders to "avoid deep water, flooding, or prolonged exposure to heavy rain", and to clean the bike with "A damp cloth", "A soft brush" and "Mild soap and water", keeping water off the controller, the wiring, the display, the motor's electrics, the battery terminals and the charging ports.

116 pounds and a 330-pound max load

Riding'times lists 116 lb for the GT73 and a 330 lb max load. The FAQ spells out what that load covers, "Rider weight", "Passenger weight (if applicable)" and "Cargo and accessories", and says that "The total combined weight should not exceed the recommended limit."

The 330 lb counts everything aboard; the 116 lb bike is not part of it. A 200 lb rider carrying 25 lb of gear comes to 225 lb, which leaves 105 lb in hand.

The bike measures 73.82 by 28.74 by 45.91 inches, and it arrives in a carton of 62.60 × 12.60 × 33.07 inches. Before it comes, work out where it will stand: a garage bay or a ground-floor room suits it better than a stairwell, and any rack or trailer that carries it needs a rating above 116 lb with room to spare.

Decide where the GT73 will live and how it will travel before you order. At 116 lb and close to 74 inches long, it wants a garage or a ground-floor room, and a carrier or trailer rated well above its weight.

The Riding'times GT73 from its left side on a white background: the bench, the frame around the pack bay, the crank, the front disc behind the fork and the key in the ignition

The left side: the bench and the frame around the pack bay, the crank below it, the front disc behind the fork, and the key hanging in the ignition by the handlebar.

The Mercer fit test

The Mercers are the seven people every review on this site measures a bike against, so every machine faces the same fit questions (meet the Mercers).

Each verdict rests on a figure Riding'times publishes, such as its two height windows, the seat height, the weight, the max load or the age recommendation, or on the model's row for that height in the fit tables. The bench sits below the 109% pedaling height for the whole family, so each row reads the standover model: how many riders of that height sit flat-footed on the 32.9-inch bench.

Member Age · Height Verdict The number behind it
Frank Kowalski 63 · 5'10" Fits; plan the lift 5'10" is inside both windows, and 82 of 100 riders his height sit flat-footed on the 32.9-inch bench; the 116 lb bike still has to be wheeled in and out of the garage
Ruth Kowalski 61 · 5'5" At the floor of the product page's window 5'5" is the bottom of 5'5" to 6'3" and inside the FAQ's 140–190 cm; 3 of 100 riders her height put both feet flat at 32.9 inches, so check the standover row first
Jack Mercer 48 · 6'1" Fits 6'1" is inside both windows, and every rider his height in the survey sits flat-footed on the 32.9-inch bench
Dana Mercer 45 · 5'7" Inside the window; tiptoes at a stop 5'7" is inside both windows; 21 of 100 riders her height sit flat-footed at 32.9 inches, and the 330 lb max load covers her and her gear
Maya Torres 32 · 5'6" Inside the window; her commute is the question 5'6" is inside both windows, and 13 of 100 riders her height sit flat-footed at 32.9 inches; for a car-free commute, the class section decides where it may go
Cole Mercer 16 · 5'11" No Riding'times recommends the GT73 from age 12; a 2,400 W peak motor puts it past the 750 W line in the federal definition and in California's classes, so your state's rules for that kind of vehicle decide who may ride it, and our answer for a 16-year-old is no
Ivy Mercer 12 · — No The 12-and-up line is Riding'times' description of the machine; with a 2,400 W peak motor past the classes' 750 W line, we say no at 12

The bench is where the family splits. At 6'1" Jack sits flat-footed on every surveyed body his height, while at 5'5", the floor of the product page's window, Ruth's inseam falls short of the bench on 97 of 100 bodies her height. Both are inside Riding'times' windows; the bench decides how their stops feel.

Is it UL certified?

Riding'times says yes. Its FAQ answers "Are Riding'times eBikes UL Certified?" with "Yes", describing them as "certified to applicable UL safety standards, including UL 2272 and UL 2849, depending on the product." The GT73's specification table calls both packs "UL 2849 Compliant".

The same FAQ is clear about what that certification covers: "UL certification relates to product safety standards. UL certification does not determine whether a vehicle is legal to operate in a specific location."

Has it been recalled?

No. On September 26, 2026 we searched the Consumer Product Safety Commission's recall database, querying its title, product-name and manufacturer fields for Riding'times, Riding times, Ridingtimes, ridert, Shenzhen Riding Robot and Riding Robot, and reading every record of a 623-record corpus built from bicycle, e-bike, battery and scooter terms. None names the brand, its company or the GT73.

Before that empty answer counted, the same search had to find recalls known to exist, and it did: Ancheer 1, Specialized 54 and Trek 24 in the live fields, and Ancheer 1 and Specialized 49 in the corpus.

The class question: 15.5 mph in Limited Mode, 37 mph at Level 3

Answer this before you buy, because the GT73 carries two speed programs and every motor figure Riding'times prints for the model we sell sits above the e-bike lines. Its FAQ puts the duty on the rider: "Riders are responsible for understanding and complying with local laws and regulations."

Under federal law, 15 U.S.C. § 2085(b) describes a low-speed electric bicycle as "a two- or three-wheeled vehicle with fully operable pedals and an electric motor of less than 750 watts (1 h.p.), whose maximum speed on a paved level surface, when powered solely by such a motor while ridden by an operator who weighs 170 pounds, is less than 20 mph."

The statute's test The GT73, as Riding'times publishes it
Fully operable pedals "Pedals - L/R" in the box list; "Yes. The GT73 includes functional pedals"
A motor of less than 750 watts 2,400 W peak on the product page; "a 1200W rear hub motor (peaking at 2400W)" in Riding'times' June 19, 2025 comparison post; a 48 V 30 A controller
Under 20 mph on motor power alone 15.5 mph in Limited Mode and at Level 1; 21.7 mph at Level 2 and 37 mph at Level 3 in Unlimited Mode

Sources: § 2085(b); Riding'times' product page, FAQ and June 19, 2025 comparison post, read September 26, 2026.

Every motor figure Riding'times has published for the GT73 we sell, peak and rated, is above 750 W, in either program. Limited Mode brings the speed under 20 mph, but Riding'times publishes one motor rating for both programs, so the wattage test comes out the same either way. Your state then decides what kind of vehicle the GT73 is on its roads and paths, and what riding it there requires.

California's definition shows one state's version of the line. California Vehicle Code § 312.5(a), read on September 26, 2026, covers a bicycle "equipped with fully operable pedals and an electric motor that does not exceed 750 watts of power"; its class 1 and class 2 bicycles cease assisting at 20 miles per hour, and its class 3 "ceases to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches the speed of 28 miles per hour."

Setting The speed line Where the GT73 sits
Limited Mode, or Level 1, 15.5 mph Under California's 20 mph class 1 and class 2 lines and the federal 20 mph Under the speed lines; the motor figures stay above 750 W
Level 2, 21.7 mph Past the 20 mph lines; under class 3's 28 mph Past the federal and class 2 speed lines as well
Level 3, 37 mph Past class 3's 28 mph Past every speed line as well

Sources: § 312.5(a), § 2085(b) and Riding'times' FAQ, read September 26, 2026.

On paperwork, Riding'times' FAQ says the same: "Licensing, registration, insurance, and permitted operating areas may vary by jurisdiction." Our 50-state e-bike law atlas prints each state's definition, and our California e-bike law page covers that state in full.

Treat the GT73 as an off-road machine: private land and designated off-road routes, under your state's rules for that kind of vehicle. Before you take it on any road or path, read your state's definition first.

Where you can ride it

Off the pavement, the land manager decides whether the GT73 may go, and the federal land agencies write their e-bike rules around the same 750 W line.

On Bureau of Land Management land, 43 CFR 8340.0-5 defines an e-bike around "an electric motor of not more than 750 watts (1 h.p.)", and treats any other "motorized vehicle capable of, or designed for, travel on or immediately over land" as an off-road vehicle.

Section 8341.1 opens to off-road vehicles "those areas and trails designated as open to off-road vehicle use", and forbids riding one in violation of state laws and regulations "relating to use, standards, registration, operation, and inspection of off-road vehicles."

In the National Forests, the Forest Service's directives of March 31, 2022 "provide for managing all classes of e-bikes as motor vehicles", in the words of its notice at 87 FR 41278. Where a Ranger District has published a motor vehicle use map, 36 CFR 261.13 bars operating a motor vehicle "other than in accordance with those designations".

Where you plan to ride Who decides What to read
Private land, yours or with permission the owner the owner's say-so
A state or county off-highway vehicle area that agency its rules on registration and electric machines
A National Forest road or trail the Ranger District its motor vehicle use map (36 CFR 261.13)
BLM land the field office its route designations (43 CFR 8341.1)

Each kind of ground has its own manager and its own document, and the specification sheet answers none of them.

A violation on BLM land "may be a fine of not more than $1,000 or imprisonment for not longer than 12 months, or both", under 43 CFR 8340.0-7. Our public-land e-bike guide goes through the agencies one at a time.

Riding'times' warranty page adds a line for anyone planning to jump or race: its coverage excludes issues caused by "Improper use, accidents, stunts, racing, or abuse".

Before you order, tell us where you mean to ride. Email support@redtailebikes.com with the land or the trail, and we will tell you plainly which rule applies there. The GT73 ships free to the lower 48 states.

Buy the GT73 today

Green flags / Red flags

Green flags

Red flags

Each of these is about fit: who the GT73 is wrong for, and where to go instead.

  • Wrong if you want an e-bike for bike lanes and multi-use paths. Every motor figure for the GT73 we sell is above 750 W; our e-bike buying guide explains the three classes and matches a pick to each kind of rider.
  • Wrong if you need both feet flat at every stop and stand under 5'9". At the 32.9-inch bench, 41 of 100 riders at 5'8" sit flat-footed; find your row in the standover table before you order, or read our GT54 review and our GT54 Pro review: Riding'times' compact pair, with footpegs in place of pedals and a geometry block drawn for riders from 4'2" to 5'9".
  • Wrong if your riding is mostly rough trail. Riding'times' FAQ describes the GT73 for pavement and points harder ground to the GT73 Pro; read our GT73 Pro review beside this one.
  • Wrong if you want to pedal long distances on your legs alone. The bench sits below the pedaling formula's height at every size in the fit tables; our e-bike motor guide explains which drives suit pedal-first riding.
  • Wrong for a rider under 18 on our page. Riding'times recommends 12 and up; our 50-state law atlas sets out each state's rules, and our e-bike buying guide matches a legal class to a young rider.
  • Wrong if it has to be carried up stairs. At 116 lb and nearly 74 inches long it wants a garage or a ground-floor room; our reviews hub lists lighter machines with their weights.
  • Wrong if you want quick turnaround between rides. Its two 2 A chargers take 9 to 10 hours; the GT73 Pro fills its packs in 5 to 6.
  • Wrong if you want the assist to follow how hard you push. A cadence sensor responds to the cranks turning rather than to the force on them; our motor guide explains both kinds of sensor.

Buy it if / Buy something else if

Buy it if you want a full-size electric dirt bike with pedals and two packs for $1,499, to ride on private land and designated off-road routes, with a Limited Mode that holds 15.5 mph and a computed 83 miles at that speed on the throttle.

It also asks that you stand about 5'10" or taller if you want both feet flat at a stop, or that you are happy on one foot; that you have a garage or a ground-floor room for a 116 lb machine; and that you read your state's rules before the first ride.

For $1,499 you get a 2,400 W peak hub motor with 126 N·m, two removable 48 V packs with two chargers, full suspension with a second shock in the box, hydraulic discs with EABS, motorcycle-style lights and turn signals, and pedals. Shop Pay's sample plan on our listing is $135.30 a month for 12 months at 15% APR, $1,623.60 in total, subject to an eligibility check by Affirm's lending partners.

Buy something else if you need an e-bike for paths and bike lanes, where our e-bike buying guide matches a class to the ride; if your ground is rough trail or you want quicker charging, where the GT73 Pro review picks up; or if you want one of the 750 W Riding'times bikes on our store, where the GT33 review and the Z8 Pro review take over.

Our electric dirt bike guide and our hub-drive e-bike guide set the GT73 beside the other machines of its kind that we sell. Every Riding'times model is on our Riding'times brand page.

Before you buy: the checklist

Ten checks before you spend $1,499; the first three decide whether the GT73 is yours to ride at all.

  1. Check the rules where you will ride: the land manager's for trails and off-road areas, and your state's definition for everywhere else.
  2. Set Riding'times' age recommendation, 12 and up, beside your state's rules for a machine of this power.
  3. Decide where it lives: a garage or ground-floor room for a 116 lb, 73.82-inch machine.
  4. Measure your inseam and find your row in the standover table; at the 32.9-inch bench, both feet flat is the norm from about 5'10".
  5. Add up the rider and everything they carry and keep it at 330 lb or under; the 116 lb bike is not counted in it.
  6. Find your ride in the range tables, plan on 75% of it, and budget the climbing.
  7. Pick a charging spot that is dry and indoors, and switch the pack off and the bike off before you plug in; allow 9 to 10 hours.
  8. Bring the packs indoors in winter, and store them between 40% and 60%.
  9. Read the suspension notes before the first rough ride, and set the fork's damping for your weight.
  10. Read the class section before you use Unlimited Mode anywhere.

Buying it from us

Why buy the GT73 from Redtail

Our listing priced the GT73 at $1,499 on September 26, 2026, with $2,599 shown as the regular price. That price-match holds at the maker: on September 28, 2026, Riding'times' own store asked the same $1,499, against the same $2,599. Our part begins on the day the order ships.

What you get The detail
Price $1,499, orderable on September 26, 2026
Shipping Free within the contiguous United States, dispatched in 1–3 business days, with most e-bikes arriving 5–10 business days after that. Alaska, Hawaii, US territories, P.O. boxes and remote areas: ask us first
Paying over time Shop Pay installments: $135.30 a month for 12 months at 15% APR, $1,623.60 in total, or $512.21 a month for 3 months at 15% APR, $1,536.63 in total, subject to an eligibility check and provided by Affirm's lending partners. Read September 26, 2026*
Warranty The manufacturer's two-year warranty, on the manufacturer's terms, with the claim routed through our US support desk; our terms: "We will help facilitate warranty claims with the manufacturer"
What the warranty covers Manufacturing defects in "the battery, motor, and electrical components"; batteries on "a 2-year prorated warranty"; outside the warranty, a 40% discount on replacement parts (Riding'times' warranty page)
If it arrives damaged Note the damage with the driver, email us photos within 48 hours, and we file the carrier claim and arrange the repair or replacement
A fit answer first Send your height and inseam and we will run them through the fit model before you pay
Parts later Riding'times replacement parts for the GT73, including footpegs, are in our Riding'times parts collection, and we confirm the part fits your GT73 before you order it

*Rates range from 0-36% APR. Payment options through Shop Pay Installments are subject to an eligibility check and are provided by these lending partners: affirm.com/lenders. Options depend on your purchase amount, and a down payment may be required. More options may be available upon approval. State notices to consumers: affirm.com/licenses.

Changing your mind runs on different terms: an unopened bike still sealed in its factory packaging, requested within 72 hours of delivery, carries a 15% restocking fee plus return shipping, and canceling an order carries a 3% transaction fee. That is why we would rather settle your fit, range and riding-ground questions before the order goes in.

The price, stock and shipping terms above were read from our own store on September 26, 2026. If the GT73 fits the way you ride, it is one click away, and a warranty claim comes to us, so we deal with Riding'times on your behalf.

Buy yours from our US store

Frequently asked questions

What is the range of the GT73?

Riding'times publishes 85 miles on the throttle and 155 on pedal assist, and a banner on the same page says 68. Computed for a 180 lb rider on level pavement, a full charge covers about 83 miles at 15.5 mph on the throttle, 63 at 20 mph and 121 at 15.5 with easy pedaling; the range tables add hills, load, cold and tires.

How fast does the GT73 go?

Riding'times gives 28 to 37 mph in its specification table, "Speed varies based on road condition and load weight", and 37 mph in the headline strip and in its FAQ, at Level 3 of Unlimited Mode. With Limited Mode on, every level stops at 15.5 mph (the motor section).

Not as an e-bike under the federal definition: each motor figure Riding'times publishes for it is above the 750 W line of 15 U.S.C. § 2085(b), in either speed program. Your state decides what vehicle it is on public roads and what riding it there takes; the class section lays out the lines.

California's e-bike definition, Vehicle Code § 312.5(a), covers a motor "that does not exceed 750 watts of power", and the GT73's published motor figures, 2,400 W peak and 1,200 W rated, are above it. Plan on private land and designated off-road routes, and read our California e-bike law page before any road.

What class of e-bike is the Riding Times GT73?

None of the three: classes 1, 2 and 3 are all defined around a 750 W motor line, and the GT73's published figures are 2,400 W peak and 1,200 W rated. Its 15.5 mph Limited Mode sits under the speed lines, but the motor figure is what keeps it outside the classes (the class section).

Does the GT73 have pedals?

Yes. The box list on Riding'times' product page includes "Pedals - L/R", and its FAQ answers: "Yes. The GT73 includes functional pedals as part of its full-size electric dirt bike platform." You fit them during assembly, and they drive the rear wheel through a chain.

Does the Riding Times GT73 come with pegs?

Its box list names pedals and no footpegs. Riding'times sells footpegs as a separate part titled for its GT54 and GT73 series, and our Riding'times parts collection lists them; we confirm the type that fits a GT73 with Riding'times before you order, because parts are final sale.

Does the GT73 have a speed limiter?

It has Limited Mode, which Riding'times describes as "a speed-restricted riding mode designed to comply with local eBike regulations in many regions": every level stops at 25 km/h (15.5 mph). In Unlimited Mode, Level 2 runs to 21.7 mph and Level 3 to 37.

How many watts is the GT73, and how much torque does it make?

A rear geared hub motor that Riding'times lists as "Rear Gear Hub Motor 2400W" and labels "2400W Peak Motor", with 126 N·m of torque and a 48 V 30 A controller. Its June 19, 2025 comparison post rated the motor at 1,200 W, "peaking at 2400W".

How much does the Riding Times GT73 weigh?

116 lb, as Riding'times lists it, 7 lb less than the GT73 Pro's 123. It measures 73.82 × 28.74 × 45.91 inches and ships in a 62.60 × 12.60 × 33.07-inch carton.

What is the weight limit on the GT73?

330 lb max load. Riding'times' FAQ counts the rider, a passenger where the bike takes one, and cargo and accessories inside that figure; the 116 lb bike sits outside it.

What is the seat height of the GT73?

Riding'times prints a seat height of 30.3 inches and a rear seat height of 35.4. On its product photograph, scaled by the 50.0-inch wheelbase, the bench's lowest point, where you sit, stands at 32.9 inches; the standover table gives your clearance at both.

What rider height does the Riding Times GT73 fit?

Riding'times prints 5'5" to 6'3" on the product page and 140 to 190 cm in its FAQ. On the US Army's survey bodies, a 5'8" rider with the median 32.6-inch inseam is about 0.3 inch short of both feet flat on the 32.9-inch bench, and 41 of 100 riders that height put both feet flat (the fit section).

Is the GT73 waterproof?

Water-resistant: its specification table rates it IPX4, and Riding'times' FAQ gives every model "an IPX5-rated exterior". Ride through light rain, never pressure-wash it, and keep water off the controller, the display, the battery terminals and the charging ports.

How long does the GT73 take to charge?

9 to 10 hours on the two 54.6 V 2 A chargers that come with it; 18.2 Ah at 2 A is about 9.1 hours, which fits one charger per pack. Switch the pack off and power the bike down before plugging in, as Riding'times' FAQ asks.

What is the difference between the GT73 and the GT73 Pro?

The Pro runs 60 V packs to the GT73's 48 V, 3,000 W peak to 2,400 W, 338 N·m to 126 N·m, and charges in 5–6 hours to 9–10, at 123 lb to 116 and 37–46 mph to 28–37. Riding'times prints the same 85 and 155-mile range for both; on our store the GT73 is $1,499 and the Pro $1,999 (the comparison).

Can the Riding Times GT73 go off-road?

The product page says it is suited to "recreational riding across gravel, packed dirt and mixed terrain", while Riding'times' FAQ describes it for paved roads and points off-road riding to the GT73 Pro. Where you may ride it off-road is set by the land manager and your state's rules (where to ride it).

Is the Riding Times GT73 a good choice for a teenager?

Riding'times recommends it for riders 12 and up. At 2,400 W peak it sits outside the three e-bike classes, so your state's rules for that kind of vehicle govern who may ride it and where, and on this page the answer for a rider under 18 is no; the Mercer fit test shows the reasoning.

Does the Riding Times GT73 have a warranty?

Yes. Bought from us, it carries the manufacturer's two-year warranty on the manufacturer's terms, and the claim comes to our US support desk; batteries are on "a 2-year prorated warranty" per Riding'times' warranty page (buying it from us).

How much does the GT73 cost, and can I pay over time?

$1,499 on our store on September 26, 2026, with $2,599 shown as the regular price and free delivery in the contiguous United States. Shop Pay showed a sample plan of $135.30 a month for 12 months at 15% APR, $1,623.60 in total, subject to an eligibility check by Affirm's lending partners.

Limitations of this review

Twenty things this review cannot settle, listed so you can weigh them.

  1. We sell this bike. Give the red flags the same attention as the green.
  2. This is a specification-verified review. Its figures come from Riding'times' published documents, statutes, our own store record, the published research the range and fit sections cite, or arithmetic on this page.
  3. Each range figure is for a steady ride: one speed on one grade with no wind and no stops. Stops, starts and headwinds cost more; a tailwind costs less.
  4. Bafang's figures stand in for Riding'times' motor. Riding'times names no motor maker, so the model uses Bafang's published figures for a 1,000 W geared hub at 48 V. At 82% efficiency in place of Bafang's 80% floor, the 15.5 mph throttle figure moves from 83 miles to 88; on Bafang's 750 W version it is 81; at the 1,200 W rating in Riding'times' June 19, 2025 post it is 84, and the 8% climb 15 miles in place of 13.
  5. No ride of this model to an empty battery checks the model. We found none that states the rider's weight, the speed and a ride to empty together. The physics reproduces Martin and colleagues' worked example and the motor reproduces Bafang's 80% at the rated point; no measured hub-motor map was available to check the motor model at light loads.
  6. The 25% held back in the planning column is a measured pedelec's, from researchers at KIT, since Riding'times publishes no reserve or usable-capacity figure.
  7. The tire coefficient is the heaviest knobby casing on a bicycle drum, a stand-in for the 70/100-19 motorcycle tire, and the tire table brackets it with a field average for knobby tires.
  8. The cold figures rest on one cell's laboratory data. Riding'times names no cell, so the central line uses McMaster University's measured LG HG2 cell, bracketed by other published cell data, with the cells taken to be at air temperature.
  9. The wheel is the size code's, 24.53 inches for 70/100-19, from Michelin's published diameter. On Riding'times' photograph, scaled by its wheelbase, the tires measure 22.9 inches across; on that wheel the 15.5 mph throttle figure would be 84 miles in place of 83, and the 20 mph figure 64 in place of 63.
  10. Level 3 is not priced. The model's comparable motor holds about 28.5 mph on the flat with a 180 lb rider, below Level 3's 37 mph, so the speed tables stop at 28 mph.
  11. The model caps the motor's draw at the controller's printed 48 V × 30 A, 1,440 W, which leaves out steep throttle climbs at 10 mph and heavy loads up 8%. Riding'times prints a 2,400 W peak for the motor; if the controller allows more current in short bursts, those climbs could be held for a while.
  12. Its documents print two water ratings: IPX4 in the specification table and IPX5 in the FAQ for all models.
  13. Its documents give two tire widths, 25 × 3 inches in the specification table and 25 × 4 in the FAQ, for the same 70/100-19 size.
  14. The box list names a second rear shock, rated 1,800 lb, beside the specification's 1,200 lb shock, and the pages read here do not say which riders it is for.
  15. Riding'times' earlier posts carry earlier figures. Its June 19, 2025 comparison post gave the GT73 106 N·m and 45 miles on the throttle and 85 on pedal assist. This review follows the product page read on September 26, 2026.
  16. The seat height is the bench's lowest point on Riding'times' photograph, 32.9 inches, where the geometry block prints 30.3; the standover table prints both, and the fit model uses the photograph.
  17. The fit figures use the US Army's ANSUR II bodies: 6,068 soldiers aged 17 to 58, measured from 2010 to 2012, who are not the US public, so your own inseam decides your row.
  18. The cockpit is the one on Riding'times' photograph. The crank axle, the bench and the grips are measured on it, and only one pedal shows, so the crank is measured from its spindle to that pedal's axle.
  19. The hand figure is a ceiling with a relaxed back, and the 109% formula describes efficient pedaling on a bicycle. On a real ride your back and arms carry part of the load, and in 19 trained cyclists the formula put 55 to 65% inside the 25-to-35-degree knee range; on a fixed bench it measures knee bend, and the throttle and assist carry the rest.
  20. The UL statement is Riding'times', from its FAQ and specification table; the pages read here link no certificate. Stock and price were read on September 26, 2026, and both can change, as can local trail and road access.

The bottom line

For $1,499, the GT73 puts a 2,400 W peak hub motor with 126 N·m and two removable 48 V packs, 1,747 Wh, on a full-suspension electric dirt bike with pedals, hydraulic discs with EABS, motorcycle-style lights and two chargers.

On level pavement a 180 lb rider gets about 83 miles at 15.5 mph on the throttle and 121 with easy pedaling, and each 1,000 feet of climbing takes 217 to 271 Wh at 10 mph on the throttle, up grades of 4 to 8%.

It suits riders with private land or designated off-road routes and space for a 116 lb machine; from about 5'10", most riders sit flat-footed on the bench. With Shop Pay on our listing, that is $135.30 a month for 12 months at 15% APR, $1,623.60 in total, subject to an eligibility check.

Before you pay, settle the class: each motor figure Riding'times publishes is above the 750 W e-bike line, and Unlimited Mode runs to 37 mph. Tell us where you plan to ride before you order, and we will answer with the rule that applies there.

One version, $1,499, delivered free in the contiguous United States. Spread it over 12 months with Shop Pay at $135.30 a month and 15% APR, subject to an eligibility check, and bring any warranty claim to our US desk.

Buy the GT73 — $1,499

Source register

Each document this review relies on, and what it supports.

T1 is the record itself, read from the party that issued it: a statute, a federal regulation or notice, the maker's own product page, record, FAQ and warranty page, our own store record.

T2 is a party's own publication about its product or its measurements: the maker's posts, the motor maker's workbook, the tire maker's published sizes, the research groups' and laboratories' published measurements.

Source Tier What it supports
Riding'times, GT73 product page and product record T1 (manufacturer, primary) Every specification row, the GT73 vs GT73 Pro table, the geometry block and drawing, the box list, the range figures and banner, the page's FAQ and the record's brake row
Riding'times FAQ T1 (manufacturer, primary) The speed programs and levels, Limited Mode, the rider windows and ages, the model descriptions, max load, cold weather, water, charging, storage, assembly, UL, the rider's responsibility
Riding'times warranty page T1 (manufacturer, primary) What the warranty covers, the battery's prorated term, the exclusions, the parts discount
Riding'times, June 19, 2025 comparison post T2 (manufacturer, own post) The 1,200 W rating and the earlier figures in Limitations
15 U.S.C. § 2085 · Cal. Veh. Code § 312.5 T1 (GPO, legislature) The definitions and class lines, quoted
43 CFR 8340.0-5 · § 8341.1 · § 8340.0-7 · 36 CFR 261.13 · 87 FR 41278 T1 (federal regulation and notice) BLM and Forest Service rules and the BLM penalty
CPSC recall database T1 (federal agency) The recall search and its controls
Redtail eBikes shipping policy, refund policy, terms of service and our listing T1 (first party) Price, stock, Shop Pay terms, shipping scope, damage window, warranty routing, change-of-mind terms
Bafang workbook 2021 T2 (motor maker, primary) The comparable hub motor's speeds, rating, efficiency floor and torque
Michelin, StarCross 5 Medium T2 (tire maker, own published sizes) The 70/100-19 diameter behind the 24.53-inch wheel
Martin et al., 1998 T2 (own validation) The cycling-power model, its worked example and chain efficiency
Bicycle Rolling Resistance (Kenda Juggernaut Pro, temperature test) · Rothhämel, 2023 T2 (own published measurements) Knobby-tire rolling resistance and its change with temperature
Tengattini and Bigazzi, 2018 T2 (own field measurements) Drag areas and the knobby-tire field average
Arango, Lopez and Ceren, 2021 · Schmitt, Decker and Doppelbauer, 2019 T2 (own measurements) Battery efficiency; usable pack energy on a measured pedelec
McMaster HG2 data; Samsung 25R sheet; Casado et al., 2025 · U.S. Standard Atmosphere, 1976 T2 / T1 Cell energy by temperature and its brackets; air density
US Army ANSUR II, 2012 T1 (federal agency data) The 6,068 bodies behind every fit figure
Peveler et al., 2005 · Peveler et al., 2007 · Ferrer-Roca et al., 2012 T2 (peer-reviewed measurements) The saddle formula, its published range and the knee target
Priego Quesada et al., 2017 · Carahalios, 2015 · Clauser et al., 1969 T2 (own published measurements) Comfort by trunk position, the measured load on the bars, and the segment weights

Expiry conditions

Re-read this page if Riding'times changes the GT73's price, specification, range figures, speed levels, geometry block or rider windows on its product page or FAQ, or if the stock, the price or the Shop Pay terms change on our store.

Re-read it as well if a recall is published naming Riding'times or its company. Verified September 26, 2026.

References

The full bibliographic record for each document cited above, with the date it was retrieved.

  1. Riding'times, GT73 Dual-Battery Off-Road All-Terrain Electric Dirt Bike with Pedals — product page (headline strip, box list, GT73 vs GT73 Pro table, geometry block and drawing, range banner, page FAQ, as rendered in USD). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.ridingtimes.com/products/gt73-electric-motorbike-dirt-ebike
  2. Riding'times, GT73 — product record, body_html specification table (brake row), price and compare-at price. Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.ridingtimes.com/products/gt73-electric-motorbike-dirt-ebike.json
  3. Riding'times, FAQ (About Our Ebikes Q1, Q6, Q7, Q9 and Q10; Usage and Maintenance; Law and Safety). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.ridingtimes.com/pages/faq
  4. Riding'times, Warranty (What Is Covered, What Is Not Covered, Battery Coverage, the 40% parts discount). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.ridingtimes.com/pages/warranty
  5. Riding'times, GT73 Pro Electric Bike vs GT73 – Which One Is Right for You? (June 19, 2025). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.ridingtimes.com/blogs/blog/gt73-pro-electric-bike-vs-gt73-which-one-is-right-for-you
  6. US Government Publishing Office, 15 U.S.C. § 2085 — Low-speed electric bicycles, subsection (b). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2024-title15/html/USCODE-2024-title15-chap47-sec2085.htm
  7. California Legislative Information, California Vehicle Code § 312.5, subdivisions (a), (a)(1), (a)(2) and (a)(3). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=VEH&sectionNum=312.5.
  8. Bureau of Land Management, 43 CFR § 8340.0-5, paragraphs (a) and (j). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-43/subtitle-B/chapter-II/subchapter-H/part-8340/subpart-8340/section-8340.0-5
  9. Bureau of Land Management, 43 CFR § 8341.1, paragraphs (a), (c) and (d). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-43/subtitle-B/chapter-II/subchapter-H/part-8340/subpart-8341/section-8341.1
  10. Bureau of Land Management, 43 CFR § 8340.0-7 — Penalties. Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-43/subtitle-B/chapter-II/subchapter-H/part-8340/subpart-8340/section-8340.0-7
  11. Forest Service, US Department of Agriculture, 36 CFR § 261.13 — Motor vehicle use. Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-36/chapter-II/subchapter-B/part-261/subpart-A/section-261.13
  12. US Forest Service, Directive Publication Notice, 87 FR 41278 (July 12, 2022), recording the final e-bike directives issued March 31, 2022. Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2022/07/12/2022-14777/directive-publication-notice
  13. US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Recall database, title, product-name and manufacturer queries for Riding'times, Riding times, Ridingtimes, ridert, Shenzhen Riding Robot and Riding Robot, a full read of a 623-record corpus, and controls Ancheer / Specialized / Trek. Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.saferproducts.gov/
  14. Redtail eBikes, Shipping policy. Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://redtailebikes.com/policies/shipping-policy
  15. Redtail eBikes, Refund policy (48-hour damage window, change-of-mind and cancellation terms). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://redtailebikes.com/policies/refund-policy
  16. Redtail eBikes, Terms of service (warranty facilitation). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://redtailebikes.com/policies/terms-of-service
  17. Redtail eBikes, GT73 storefront record and Shop Pay terms (price, compare-at price, availability, sample plans). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://redtailebikes.com/products/gt73-electric-motorbike-dirt-ebike
  18. Affirm, Affirm's lending partners (the lenders behind Shop Pay Installments, as our listing names them). Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.affirm.com/lenders
  19. BAFANG, Workbook OEM 2021, MOTORS table, RM G0H0 column: n0, nT, rated power, efficiency, maximum torque. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://www.bafang-e.com/Uploaded/Labels/BAFANG%20Workbook%20OEM%202021.pdf
  20. Michelin, MICHELIN STARCROSS 5 MEDIUM — Motorcycle Tire, size table, 70/100-19 overall diameter 623 mm. Retrieved September 26, 2026. https://www.michelinman.com/motorcycle/tires/michelin-starcross-5-medium
  21. Martin, J. C., Milliken, D. L., Cobb, J. E., McFadden, K. L. and Coggan, A. R., Validation of a Mathematical Model for Road Cycling Power, Journal of Applied Biomechanics 14(3):276–291 (1998), Eq. 14 and Appendix I; doi 10.1123/jab.14.3.276. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://collections.lib.utah.edu/dl_files/b4/8e/b48ef26086091662c561e673d7bd990d77868437.pdf
  22. Bierman, J., Fat Bike Tires Test Results, BicycleRollingResistance.com. Retrieved September 25, 2026. https://www.bicyclerollingresistance.com/fat-bike-reviews
  23. Bierman, J., Kenda Juggernaut Pro 2016, BicycleRollingResistance.com, rolling-resistance results. Retrieved September 25, 2026. https://www.bicyclerollingresistance.com/fat-bike-reviews/kenda-juggernaut-pro-2016
  24. Bierman, J., CRR at Different Temperatures: Examining Temperature Dependence of Rolling Resistance, BicycleRollingResistance.com. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://www.bicyclerollingresistance.com/specials/crr-temperature-test
  25. Rothhämel, M., On rolling resistance of bicycle tyres with ambient temperature in focus, International Journal of Vehicle Systems Modelling and Testing 17:67–80 (2023); doi 10.1504/IJVSMT.2023.132317. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://www.inderscience.com/filter.php?aid=132317
  26. Tengattini, S. and Bigazzi, A. Y., Physical characteristics and resistance parameters of typical urban cyclists, Journal of Sports Sciences 36(20):2383–2391 (2018), Table 4; doi 10.1080/02640414.2018.1458587. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://civil-reactlab.sites.olt.ubc.ca/files/2022/11/Tengattini_2018_Physical-characteristics-and-resistance-parameters-of-typical-urban-cyclists.pdf
  27. Arango, I., Lopez, C. and Ceren, A., Improving the Autonomy of a Mid-Drive Motor Electric Bicycle Based on System Efficiency Maps and Its Performance, World Electric Vehicle Journal 12(2):59 (2021), Eq. (40); doi 10.3390/wevj12020059. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://mdpi-res.com/d_attachment/wevj/wevj-12-00059/article_deploy/wevj-12-00059.pdf
  28. Schmitt, M., Decker, S. and Doppelbauer, M., Measuring and Characterization of a Pedal Electric Cycle (Pedelec) on a Full System Test-Bench with Full Range Emulation of a Cyclist, EPE'19 ECCE Europe (IEEE, 2019); doi 10.23919/EPE.2019.8915567. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000100371/50695920
  29. Kollmeyer, P. et al., LG 18650HG2 Li-ion Battery Data, Mendeley Data v2, McMaster University; doi 10.17632/b5mj79w5w9.2 (0.5C discharge files, recomputed). Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://doi.org/10.17632/b5mj79w5w9.2
  30. Samsung SDI, Specification of Product INR18650-25R, § 7.6 Temperature dependence of discharge capacity. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://e2e.ti.com/cfs-file/__key/communityserver-discussions-components-files/196/4628.130109_5F00_INR18650_2D00_25R-Cell-SPEC-_2800_3_2900_-_2800_1_2900_.pdf
  31. Casado, S. et al., Evaluation of commercial Li-Ion 18650 battery cells for deep space applications, Journal of Power Sources 638:236552 (2025), Table 3; doi 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.236552. Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.236552
  32. NOAA, NASA and US Air Force, U.S. Standard Atmosphere, 1976 (NOAA-S/T 76-1562). Retrieved September 23, 2026. https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19770009539/downloads/19770009539.pdf
  33. Redtail eBikes, GT73 range model, the computation set out in the range section of this review, every input and its source in its inputs table; run September 26, 2026. https://redtailebikes.com/blogs/journal/ridingtimes-gt73-review#range
  34. Redtail eBikes, GT73 fit model, the computation set out in the fit section of this review, every input and its source in its inputs table, the photograph's controls beside it; run September 26, 2026. https://redtailebikes.com/blogs/journal/ridingtimes-gt73-review#fit
  35. U.S. Army Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center, 2012 Anthropometric Survey of U.S. Army Personnel (ANSUR II), public data release (4,082 men, 1,986 women). Retrieved September 25, 2026. https://www.army.mil/article/188601/for_good_measure_natick_releases_raw_data_from_army_wide_anthropometric_survey
  36. Peveler, W., Bishop, P., Smith, J., Richardson, M. and Whitehorn, E., Comparing Methods for Setting Saddle Height in Trained Cyclists, Journal of Exercise Physiology Online 8(1):51–55 (2005), Methods and Results. Retrieved September 25, 2026. https://www.asep.org/asep/asep/JEPonlineFEBRUARY2005_PevelerSaddle.doc
  37. Ferrer-Roca, V., Roig, A., Galilea, P. and García-López, J., Influence of saddle height on lower limb kinematics in well-trained cyclists: static vs. dynamic evaluation in bike fitting, Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 26(11):3025–3029 (2012); doi 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318245c09d. Retrieved September 25, 2026. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22190163/
  38. Peveler, W. W., Pounders, J. D. and Bishop, P. A., Effects of saddle height on anaerobic power production in cycling, Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 21(4):1023–1027 (2007); doi 10.1519/R-20316.1. Retrieved September 25, 2026. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18076230/
  39. Priego Quesada, J. I., Pérez-Soriano, P., Lucas-Cuevas, A. G., Salvador Palmer, R. and Cibrián Ortiz de Anda, R. M., Effect of bike-fit in the perception of comfort, fatigue and pain, Journal of Sports Sciences 35(14):1459–1465 (2017); doi 10.1080/02640414.2016.1215496. Retrieved September 25, 2026. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27490817/
  40. Carahalios, A., An Analysis of the Bicycle-Rider Interface Forces in Stationary Road Cycling, MS thesis, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado (2015). Retrieved September 25, 2026. https://scholar.colorado.edu/downloads/70795789x
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Image credit: every image of the GT73 on this page is Riding'times' own. The cover at the top of this page and the card inside it are Riding'times' photograph of the GT73 crossing a rock slab with its rider; the machine and rider are the photograph's own pixels.

The sky, trees and rock beyond that photograph's edges are a scene we made around it with Playcut (playcut.ai) to fit the cover, darkened behind the type, which is set in real fonts. The sunset photograph, the studio views, the parts and footpeg images and the geometry drawing are Riding'times' own.