YVY eBikes 2026: Same Business as Ridstar, 5 Models

YVY eBikes, checked model by model: the five we list, priced on our own store on October 14, 2026, their specifications read on YVY's own store and in its own photographs, the business name its pages print, and the federal recall and warning listings searched for the brand.

Quick Answer — On their own pages, YVY and Ridstar name the same business, HK Ridstar Trade Limited. The CPSC's two warnings name Ridstar's Q20, Q20 Pro and Q20 Lite, and its recall and warning listings hold no YVY entry on October 14, 2026. No page we read says whether any K-model shares the warned parts. (YVY company address)

We list five YVY e-bikes, $757.85 to $1,608.85. YVY prints motors of 1,000 W, 1,500 W and a 2,000 W peak on four of them, all past the federal definition's 750-watt line, and no wattage on the K20 Pro. The sections below set the record beside each model's own figures, including where YVY's pages disagree with each other. (federal definition)

On this page

• is YVY the same company as Ridstar
• the five models
• where YVY's pages disagree
• what the regulators have said
• what buyers and owners report
• if you own a YVY
• where YVY is sold
• warranty, delivery and returns
• batteries and chargers
• the law
• fit
• a checklist before you order
• buying from us
• the same ride from our shelf
• the honest ledger
• questions
• the bottom line
• limitations

Key facts

• Models we list: 5, at $757.85 to $1,608.85 on October 14, 2026 (our price)
• Business name on YVY's and Ridstar's pages: HK RIDSTAR TRADE LIMITED, the same address on both
• Motors the maker prints: 1,000 W (K20 Lite), 1,500 W (K20, K16), a 2,000 W peak (K20 25Ah), two motors with no wattage (K20 Pro)
• Packs the maker prints: 48 V at 15 to 25 Ah, and two 52 V 20 Ah packs on the K20 Pro, 720 to 2,080 Wh
• Top speed the maker prints: 28+++ mph on four models, 30 mph on the K20 Lite's specification block, 28 mph on the K20 25Ah
• Bike weight the maker prints, in photographs: 64 lb (K16), 66 lb (K20 Lite), 88 lb (K20); none for the K20 Pro or K20 25Ah
• Warranty, the maker's written term: one year on motor, battery and charger; for a bike bought elsewhere, "contact the shop where you bought the bike" (our own terms are printed below)
• Recall (CPSC recall database): no YVY or Ridstar record, October 14, 2026
• Warning (CPSC warning listing): two rows, both naming Ridstar models; none naming YVY
• Verified: October 14, 2026.

Redtail lists these five YVY e-bikes, so the terms of an order from us for warranty, delivery and returns sit beside YVY's own in the terms section.

Is YVY the same company as Ridstar?

Yes, on the two companies' own pages. yvyebike.com and ridstar.net each print "Name of Business: HK RIDSTAR TRADE LIMITED" at the same Hung Hom address, and their About pages match word for word once the brand name is removed. No page we read says that one brand replaced the other.

You are probably asking because a YVY K20 now turns up beside the Ridstar Q20 on Amazon, and the CPSC warned about the Q20 family twice this year. If the two share a business, those warnings tell you something about a YVY; if they do not, they are a distraction. The table sets out what each company prints, read on October 14, 2026.

The menu on all 63 ridstar.com pages we read carries two links, "Ridstar/YVY User Manual" and "Ridstar/YVY Controller Wire Diagram." YVY's own warranty page has changed since the spring, and the table puts the two dates side by side.

A second page changed too. YVY's Ridstar UK statement read "Official Statement of YVY: Except ridstar.uk, other similar websites are our dealers" on May 12, 2026, and that address now answers a 404. No page we read says why any of these four things changed.

Two documents that YVY links from the footer of every page of its store point the same way. The "CE trademark" link opens an EN 15194 test report issued April 2, 2024 for a "Cargo electric bicycle," model "FM-002, CDDA20," with "Huizhou Xingqishi Sporting Goods Co.,Ltd." as applicant and manufacturer. The "European trademark" link opens the EU registration for the mark Ridstar, No 018609888, held by "Huizhoushi Xingqishi Sports Goods Co., Ltd."

The CPSC names "Huizhou Xingqishi Sporting Goods Co., Ltd., of China" as the manufacturer in its fire warning. The test report covers one cargo model, and none of the five YVY models we list carries the FM-002 name.

The companies those records name, read together:

One record names a third company. The US trademark register's YVY mark, Reg. No. 8,158,587, registered March 3, 2026 and covering motorized bicycles among other vehicles, belongs to Shenzhen Joyride Unlimited Trading Co., Ltd. A second YVY registration, serial 90454550, registered November 9, 2021 and covering electric bicycles among other vehicle goods, also stands in Joyride's name after an ownership update the register logged on March 27, 2024.

The RIDSTAR registration No. 6,936,242, registered December 27, 2022, lists Huizhoushi Xingqishi Sports Goods Co., Ltd. as the registrant and Huizhou Oumeida Trade Co., Ltd. as the current owner, after an ownership update the register logged on April 11, 2025. No. 7,955,936, registered September 23, 2025, belongs to Huizhou Oumeida Trade Co., Ltd.

The three names Joyride, Xingqishi and Oumeida appear in the text of none of the pages we read at yvyebike.com, ridstar.net or ridstar.com, so the pages do not say how those companies relate to HK Ridstar Trade Limited. (We read all four records on October 14, 2026. The YVY registration of 2026 and the two RIDSTAR registrations were also read on September 17, and their owners and registration dates were the same both times.)

One court filing links YVY to the warned model. The complaint in Cunanan v. Amazon.com Services LLC, filed April 7, 2026 in the District of Oregon, alleges that the plaintiff bought a Ridstar Q20 on Amazon, and it says: "The intermediary for the sale involving the bike purchased by the Plaintiff is 'YVY Bikes.'" (complaint ¶ 30, pages 5 to 6). It is an allegation, and the court has not decided it.

What no page we read says is whether any K-model shares the front wheel, fork or battery the CPSC described. Neither the CPSC's notices nor either company's pages address it. The two companies' printed figures for the K20 and the Ridstar Q20 1500W match on motor, pack, tire size, load and rider window and differ on weight and top speed:

The Ridstar column was read on October 12, 2026. Matching figures do not make one bike, because a maker can print the same numbers for two machines. Buyers keep asking: one forum poster wondered whether YVY "is what they changed their name too", and another wrote that "YVY rebranded obviously from ridstar to be compliant" (October 9). No page of either company that we read says either.

The five YVY eBikes we list

Five models, one family of moto-style fat-tire bikes. Every one has a throttle, 4.0-inch tires and a motor that YVY prints above 750 W, apart from the K20 Pro, which prints none. This section sorts the five by the figures YVY prints on its own store, so you can compare motor, pack, brakes, printed weight and rider window. (YVY's catalog)

Our prices were read from our store on October 14, 2026, and watt-hours are the printed volts times the printed amp-hours. Each block below carries the figures behind its row and a link to YVY's own page.

K20 Lite

If price decides it for you, the K20 Lite is the lowest-priced 20-inch YVY we list. YVY's page prints a 1,000 W brushless motor, 20-inch by 4.0 tires, a twist throttle, a Shimano 7-speed drivetrain and "Mechanical Disc Brakes," with a 330 lb load rating. The pack reads 48 V 15.6 Ah in the feature list and 15 Ah in the specification block, which is 749 Wh or 720 Wh.

The geometry panel prints "66 LBS Bike Weight," a rider window of 5'4" to 6'2", a 36-inch seat height and a 33-inch standover height. The feature list gives a top speed of 28+++ mph and the specification block 30 mph, and the table of disagreements lists the other figures that differ.

K20 Lite on our store: $757.85.

K16

The K16 is the compact model, on 16-inch by 4.0 tires. YVY's page, whose address still reads q16, prints a 1,500 W motor with up to 85 Nm of torque, a 48 V 20 Ah pack (960 Wh), mechanical disc brakes, a 330 lb load rating and a top speed of "28+++ mph in pure electric mode."

The size-guide photograph prints "64LBS Product Weight," marks two dimensions, 41.7 inches and 59.8 inches, and gives a recommended height of 4'5" to 5'2". The page's FAQ gives "5.2 to 6.0 feet" for the same bike, so ask which window applies before you order.

K16 on our store: $861.35.

K20

The K20 is YVY's all-rounder. YVY's page prints a 1,500 W brushless motor with "a torque of up to 90Nm," a 48 V 20 Ah pack (960 Wh), hydraulic dual brakes, a Shimano 7-speed drivetrain, 20-inch by 4.0 tires and a 330 lb load rating.

It claims "up to 50 miles in pure electric mode and up to 75 miles in pedal assist mode" and a top speed of "28+++ mph in pure electric mode (ensure a full charge)." (K20 page)

The geometry panel prints "88 LBS Bike Weight," a 5'4" to 6'2" window, a 69-inch length and a 33-inch standover height. The page also carries an "Upgrade Description" for the charger, the battery and the front axle and screws, which the battery section quotes.

K20 on our store: $884.35.

K20 25Ah

The K20 25Ah sits on YVY's store under the vendor label "YVY US." Its page prints a "peak 2000W brushless motor generating 90Nm torque," a top speed of "up to 28MPH" and a "48V 25Ah waterproof removable battery" for "45 to 90 miles on a single charge," which is 1,200 Wh.

The page and its three photographs print no bike weight, rider window or load rating. The photographs label a headlight, a brake light, "Hydraulic Dual Brakes," an LCD display and a 7-speed shifter. (K20 25Ah page)

K20 25Ah on our store: $1,551.35.

K20 Pro

The K20 Pro is the long-range model. YVY's page prints "dual 52V 20Ah batteries (total of 40Ah)," which is 2,080 Wh, "two powerful brushless motors," hydraulic dual brakes and a claim of "up to 75 miles in pure electric mode and up to 180 miles in pedal assist mode." It prints no motor wattage, and Ridstar's store titles the same name "K20Pro 2000W Dual Motor".

The K20 Pro page prints a 330 lb load rating and a window of "5.4 to 6.2 feet," and neither the page nor its photographs print a bike weight. One gallery photograph prints "48V 25AH" and "90Miles Max Range" over the battery, which the table of disagreements sets beside the page's own text.

K20 Pro on our store: $1,608.85.

Where YVY's own pages disagree

Ten statements differ between pages YVY itself publishes. The table lets you see both sides of each, with the page each came from, and picks neither. A second listing under the K20 and K20 Lite names is the largest gap: it prints a 750 W motor where the first prints 1,500 W and 1,000 W.

Ask the seller for the figure in writing, and read the label on the bike. Two pages that disagree cannot both describe the machine that arrives, and the label and the owner's manual are what an officer, an insurer or a warranty desk would read. We print every figure with its source and choose none.

The two second listings belong to a group of six. Six listings on YVY's store carry "cTUVus Certified" in their titles, and five of the six add "Class 3." Four of them were created on September 18, 2026, and two sit at the older K20 and K20 Lite addresses (YVY's catalog).

The K20 listing's text says "the whole bike is cTUVus certified and the battery carries SGS certification." No listing we read prints a certificate number. The law section reads those titles against the statutes, and the battery section reports what a search of TÜV Rheinland's certificate register returned.

What the regulators have said

The CPSC has issued two warnings about Ridstar e-bikes and none about a YVY model. Both name the Q20 family, both say the manufacturer did not agree to a recall, and neither is a recall. A UK government report on three Ridstar models and their chargers is the third notice. (CPSC warning listing)

On the manufacturer, the fire warning says Huizhou Xingqishi Sporting Goods Co., Ltd. "has refused to agree to an acceptable recall," and the crash warning says it "has been unresponsive to CPSC's requests for information about these products or a recall."

The warnings' sold-at lines name Amazon.com, Ridstar.net and Walmart.com, and the second adds AliExpress.us. They name neither yvyebike.com nor our store.

No YVY entry exists in the federal listings. On October 14, 2026 we searched all 10,047 records in the CPSC recall database, the newest dated October 8, 2026, and all 375 rows in the warning listing for YVY, yvyebike, K20, K16, HK Ridstar, Shenzhen Joyride, Oumeida and Xingqishi. The recall database holds no record for any of them, and the warning listing holds only the two Ridstar rows above.

What the notices do not say about YVY

No notice names a K16, K20, K20 Lite, K20 Pro, K20 25Ah or any model sold as a YVY.

The Commission ties its instruction to the model number: the fire warning says "The model number Q20 or Q20 Pro may be located on the purchase receipt," and the crash warning says "The model number Q20 or Q20 Lite is printed on the purchase receipt." YVY's own warranty page listed three YVY Q20 models on May 12, 2026, which the first section tabulates.

Our Ridstar profile carries the full record on the Q20 family and the Ridstar models we list.

The two lawsuits

Two product-liability suits concern a Ridstar front wheel, and both are allegations. Cunanan v. Amazon.com Services LLC (Oregon federal court, No. 3:26-cv-00692, filed April 7, 2026) alleges that a Ridstar Q20 bought on Amazon on August 14, 2025 caused "numerous facial fractures." Its complaint names Amazon as the defendant and, at ¶ 30, YVY Bikes as the intermediary seller.

L.E. v. Walmart Inc. (S.D. Fla. No. 9:26-cv-81045, removed August 24, 2026) alleges in its complaint that on November 1, 2025 "the front wheel unexpectedly detached during normal operation" of a Ridstar bike bought through Walmart.com. Neither complaint names the manufacturer as a defendant, and the court has decided neither case; the last docket entries we read are July 8, 2026 in Oregon and October 1, 2026 in Florida.

What buyers and owners report

What buyers ask before they order, and what owners write afterward, is on the public record. Each line below is one person's account, linked and dated, quoted as theirs and never totalled, so you can open every post. (r/ebikes)

Trustpilot has no page for yvyebike.com. The Ridstar profiles on ridstar.com and ridstar.net carry one review that names YVY, dated May 14, 2026: "My bike exploded and still under warranty but Amazon and Ridstar/YVY are not interested in helping me". The August 17 account fits what YVY's contact page says about a bike bought elsewhere, which the warranty section quotes.

If you own a YVY: what to do now

Find the model name on your receipt and the label first. If it says Q20, Q20 Pro or Q20 Lite, the Commission's instruction applies to you as written. If it says K20, K20 Lite, K20 Pro, K16 or K20 25Ah, no notice names it, and the steps below cover the open question.

1. Read the model number on the receipt and on the bike. The Commission keys both warnings to it, and the fire warning adds that "the brand name Ridstar is printed on the battery."
2. If it is a Q20, Q20 Pro or Q20 Lite, follow the Commission's words. On the fire warning: "CPSC urges consumers to remove the battery from the e-bike immediately and dispose of the battery following local hazardous waste disposal procedures." On the crash warning: "CPSC urges consumers to stop using the e-bikes immediately and dispose of them." Each ends "Do not sell or give away" the product. (warning 26-584)
3. If your YVY carries a Q20 name, treat it as the same family until someone with authority says otherwise. YVY's warranty page listed "YVY Q20 1200W," "YVY Upgraded Q20 1500W" and "YVY Q20Pro 2000W" on May 12, 2026, and the notices name Ridstar-labeled models. That is our reading of the record, and the Commission has not said it.
4. If it is a K-model, check the two things the Commission described. Look at how the front wheel's axle and nuts are fastened before each ride and have a bicycle mechanic go over them, and keep the battery on the supplied charger, in sight, never overnight. Our terms of service say: "Do not charge a damaged, swollen, or wet battery, and do not leave a charging battery unattended."
5. Report any incident to the Commission. Each warning says: "If you experienced a safety incident with this product, report it to CPSC on SaferProducts.gov." (SaferProducts.gov)
6. Save the listing, the receipt and the seller's name. A screenshot of the page you ordered from fixes the model name and the figures it printed that day.
7. Ask in writing who handles a warranty claim. YVY's contact page says: "For warranty, please contact the shop where you bought the bike, unless you bought it from yvyebike.com."

Where YVY is sold

YVY bikes reach buyers through four routes, and each carries its own warranty line. YVY's own store, Ridstar's store, Amazon storefronts and ours. Where you buy decides who answers a claim, so read the right-hand column before the price.

On October 14, 2026 yvyebike.com listed its US variants at $749 (K20), $619 (K20 Lite), $749 (K16), $1,349 (K20 25Ah) and $1,399 (K20 Pro) (YVY's catalog). Our own prices are above, and the warranty column is the difference that matters when something fails.

Warranty, delivery and returns

YVY's written warranty is one year on the motor, battery and charger, and it covers a bike bought elsewhere only through the seller. The table sets YVY's terms beside ours, each read on October 14, 2026, so you can see which set governs the order you are about to place.

NANPA, the body that administers North American numbers, says of the block that number sits in: "The fictitious, non-working numbers, 555-0100 through 555-0199, will remain reserved for entertainment/advertising." The warranty page's own contact is the email address.

Two more lines on YVY's pages matter before you pay. YVY's payment page says: "If you come across any additional collection accounts, such as HETECHI LTD/UAB Juanhongas 440 Vilnius/HK Little Emule Tech Co/HITECHI 826 LONDON, please rest assured that it is our correct account for receiving payments." Its terms of service say they are "governed by the laws of Hong Kong."

On a YVY specifically: email support@redtailebikes.com with the model you want before you order, and we will tell you in writing how a warranty claim on that model is handled.

Batteries and chargers

YVY prints a volts-and-amp-hours figure for every pack and no certificate number for any of them. The K20 Lite's pack is 749 or 720 Wh depending on the page, the K20's and K16's are 960 Wh, the K20 25Ah's is 1,200 Wh, and the K20 Pro's two packs are 2,080 Wh. Ask for the label's figures, and for any certificate, before you pay.

The K20 listing, alone among the five, carries an "Upgrade Description." For the charger it lists "overcharge protection (automatically shuts off when fully charged), overtemperature protection (suspends charging when the temperature is abnormal), short-circuit protection, and reverse polarity protection." (K20 listing)

For the battery it says "Insulating thermally conductive gel is filled between the battery cells to prevent short circuits and accelerate heat dissipation, preventing thermal runaway caused by high-temperature accumulation." For the front axle and screws it says they are "reducing the risk of front wheel loosening due to screw deformation and breakage." (K20 listing)

Those are YVY's descriptions. The listing does not say what the upgrades are measured against, and it does not mention the CPSC, the Q20 or either warning. YVY sells replacement packs at $379 for the K20 MINI, $399 for the K20 and $499 for the K20 Pro, and the same listing's variants include Ridstar model codes: DC26, H20, H26, MN26 and E26.

On certification, none of the five listings prints a UL, TÜV or SGS claim. The six listings titled "cTUVus Certified" print no certificate number, and TÜV Rheinland's Certipedia register returned no certificate on October 14, 2026 under YVY, Ridstar, HK Ridstar, Xingqishi, Oumeida, Joyride, Rayzeph or Bopzin, while the same search returned 25 for Aventon.

A certificate can sit under a factory's name that no listing gives. YVY's own blog says: "Confirm the battery carries a third-party safety certification such as SGS or UL before purchase."

The law: what the statutes test, and where you ride

Settle this before you order: the federal definition tests a motor figure and a speed figure, and YVY's printed figures sit past both lines. The definition is a motor "of less than 750 watts" and a motor-only top speed "less than 20 mph." YVY prints a motor of 1,000 W or more on four of the five models, and a top speed of 28 mph or more on all five.

The federal definition is 15 U.S.C. § 2085(b): a two- or three-wheeled vehicle "with fully operable pedals and an electric motor of less than 750 watts (1 h.p.), whose maximum speed on a paved level surface, when powered solely by such a motor while ridden by an operator who weighs 170 pounds, is less than 20 mph." The boundary word is "less than." Congress enacted it in Public Law 107-319 on December 4, 2002.

Section 2085(a) makes a bike inside the definition a consumer product under the Commission's bicycle regulations, and § 2085(d) supersedes a state law "to the extent" it is "more stringent than the Federal law." Classes, speed limits and age limits are set by the states, which is why each state's page on our hub reads its own statute.

The three motor lines this section reads sit side by side below, each in its text's own words.

Of the 51 jurisdictions our state-by-state law page read on September 24, 2026, 44 write a 750-watt line into their e-bike definition, in wording that runs from "less than" to "not more than" to "or less." Four set no power figure, one uses horsepower and two have no e-bike definition, so a motor printed at 1,000 W or more is past the line in all 44.

California is one example of the three-class wording. Its Vehicle Code § 312.5(a) calls an electric bicycle one with "an electric motor that does not exceed 750 watts of power."

A class 3 bike "provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, that is not capable of exclusively propelling the bicycle, except as provided in paragraph (4)," and "ceases to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches the speed of 28 miles per hour." Paragraph (4) allows a walk mode up to 3.7 miles per hour; § 312.5(c) requires a label: "The label shall contain the classification number, top assisted speed, and motor wattage of the electric bicycle."

That is the text as we read it on October 14, 2026. SB 1167 (Ch. 846, Stats. 2026, approved September 30, 2026) rewrites § 312.5 from January 1, 2027, the day a non-urgency statute of that session takes effect under Article IV, § 8(c)(1) of the state constitution.

On public land the wording differs again. The Bureau of Land Management defines an electric bicycle as one "with fully operable pedals and an electric motor of not more than 750 watts (1 h.p.)" in one of three classes (43 C.F.R. § 8340.0-5(j)).

A violation of the Bureau's off-road vehicle regulations, subparts 8341 and 8343, "may be a fine of not more than $1,000 or imprisonment for not longer than 12 months, or both" (43 C.F.R. § 8340.0-7). Check the land manager's rule for the unit you ride.

What is unsettled

The statutes do not say which motor figure they mean. YVY does not say whether its 1,000 W and 1,500 W figures are nominal, rated or peak, and the K20 25Ah listing prints "peak 2000W." Each of the three definitions above speaks of the motor's power, and none names peak as its measure, so read the figure on your bike's label.

The six "cTUVus Certified" listings add a second question. The Official Store K20 listing prints a twist throttle and "28+++ mph in pure electric mode." Under California's wording a class 3 bike is "not capable of exclusively propelling the bicycle" apart from a walk mode, so a bike whose throttle runs the motor alone to 28 mph is not the bike that class describes.

That is our reading of YVY's figures against the text. Whether the 750 W listings describe a different bike or re-rate the same one, YVY's pages do not say.

Modifying a YVY changes what a statute measures. The definitions test the bike's motor and speed, so a different controller, motor or battery is a different figure. Our terms of service warn that modifying a bike or its controller, battery or speed limiter can make it unsafe, void the maker's warranty and put it outside your area's rules, and YVY's warranty excludes "damage not resulting from defects in hardware or firmware."

A worked California example, with what follows when a bike sits outside the definition, is in the lineup section of our Ridstar profile.

Which YVY fits your height and weight

YVY prints a rider window for four of the five models and a bike weight for three. The K20 and K20 Lite print 5'4" to 6'2" on their panels, the K16 prints two different windows, the K20 Pro prints "5.4 to 6.2 feet" in its FAQ, and the K20 25Ah prints none. Every model that prints a load rating prints 330 lb.

Check the window against your own height, then ask for a weight if the bike has to climb stairs or ride a rack. On identical printed dimensions, a 69-inch length, a 45-inch wheelbase, a 36-inch seat and a 33-inch standover, the K20 prints 22 lb more than the K20 Lite. Both panels are YVY's own (K20, K20 Lite).

The K16's window starts at 4'5", a child's height. YVY's shipping policy says its e-bikes are not for sale to anyone under 18, and each state sets its own age limits for riding, so read your state's page before a young rider gets near one.

A checklist before you order a YVY

Six checks, each one drawn from a page, a notice or a statute above, to run before you pay. Our Ridstar checklist adds nine that apply to either brand.

1. Save the listing you order from. YVY's two K20 pages disagree about the motor, so the page is your record of the figure you were sold.
2. Ask which YVY listing your order matches, in writing. The 1,500 W and 750 W listings share a model name, and the answer decides which table row describes your bike.
3. Ask for the label's motor wattage, top assisted speed and class. California's § 312.5(c) says the label "shall contain" all three, and your own state's statute decides what yours must show.
4. Ask whether your K20 carries the "Upgrade Description" charger, battery and axle, and from what date. Only the K20 listing prints it.
5. Ask who answers a warranty claim, and at which address. The warranty page's contact is an email address; the header number is in NANPA's non-working block.
6. Price the return before you need one. YVY's terms are 15 days and under 10 miles, with a 15% fee and $200 shipping; ours are 72 hours, unopened, with a 15% fee and return shipping.

Buying a YVY from us, if you decide to

Ordering from us changes four things, and we print them so you can weigh them against buying from YVY directly. The table in the terms section sets the two sets of terms side by side, and this is what they add up to for you.

• Shipping. It is free to the contiguous United States on every e-bike we list, dispatched within 1 to 3 business days and in transit 5 to 10 business days (our shipping policy).
• The warranty claim. The maker's terms govern it, and we help you file and follow it. Email support@redtailebikes.com with your model before you order, and we tell you in writing which terms apply (our terms).
• Returns. You have 72 hours from delivery to ask for a change-of-mind return on an unopened bike, with a 15% restocking fee and your return shipping (our refund policy). YVY's own store gives 15 days, so if time to decide matters most to you, that difference is yours to weigh.
• Payment. Checkout takes a card or Google Pay, as read on October 14, 2026.

The same ride from our shelf

If a YVY's shape or its price drew you, these guides sort the same kind of ride across the brands we sell. None of them picks a Ridstar, YVY or Hitway bike. Start with the row that fits you.

By build, dual-motor e-bikes match a two-motor layout like the K20 Pro's and commuter e-bikes suit daily miles. To see one maker's whole shelf, open Addmotor, Eahora, Eunorau, Samebike or VTUVIA.

The honest ledger

Five things below are verified as of October 14, 2026, and six are questions for you to settle. Each question ends in a page for you to read next.

Green flags, each one checkable on the day you read this page

• YVY prints a bike weight for three models and a rider window for four, so fit has a published answer for those.
• All five models print a pack in volts and amp-hours, so watt-hours can be computed for each.
• YVY writes its warranty down: one year on the motor, battery and charger, with the claim route in its own words.
• No YVY entry appears among the CPSC's 10,047 recalls or 375 warnings on October 14, 2026.
• Delivery is free inside the contiguous United States on every e-bike we list, and our terms are printed above.

Red flags, each one a question about the record or your use, and each one with a route

Frequently asked questions

Is YVY the same company as Ridstar?

On their own pages, yes. yvyebike.com and ridstar.net each print "Name of Business: HK RIDSTAR TRADE LIMITED" at the same Hung Hom address, and their About pages match word for word once the brand name is removed. The two US trademark registrations for the YVY mark stand in a different company's name (USPTO record, read September 17 and October 14, 2026), and the first section sets out the evidence.

Did Ridstar change its name to YVY?

No page we read says so. ridstar.com still sells under its own name and runs a "YVY Ebikes" collection of seven listings, and YVY's warranty page listed three YVY Q20 models on May 12, 2026 that its current page no longer lists. No page we read from either company says why.

Is the YVY K20 the same bike as the Ridstar Q20?

Their printed figures match on motor, pack, tire size, load and rider window, and differ on weight and top speed. The K20 prints 1,500 W, 48 V 20 Ah and an 88 lb weight, and ridstar.com's Q20 1500W prints the same motor and pack with a 66 lb weight. No page we read from either company says whether they are one bike. (the comparison table)

Are YVY e-bikes safe?

No CPSC notice names a YVY model, and the recall database and warning listing hold no YVY entry on October 14, 2026. The same business's Q20 family carries two CPSC warnings, one for a fire hazard and one for a detaching front wheel, and no page we read says whether the K-line shares those parts. Read the regulators' words and the owner steps before you ride one.

Has YVY had a recall?

No recall record exists under YVY. On October 14, 2026 the CPSC recall database held 10,047 records, the newest dated October 8, 2026, and none named YVY, yvyebike, K20, K16 or HK Ridstar. The two CPSC warnings on Ridstar's Q20 family are warnings, not recalls, and each says the manufacturer did not agree to one.

Is YVY legit?

Legitimacy is your call to make, so here is the record. yvyebike.com prints a business name and address, a written one-year warranty, and shipping, return and payment terms, and Trustpilot has no page for it. Its header phone number is in NANPA's non-working block, its payment page lists four collection accounts under other names, and its business name is the one Ridstar's pages print.

Which website is the official YVY site?

No current YVY page we read says which website is official. yvyebike.com is the store titled "YVY US," with listings under the vendor labels "YVY Official Store" and "YVY US," and ridstar.com runs a separate YVY collection. YVY's May 12, 2026 statement page named ridstar.uk as the official site for Ridstar UK, and that address now answers a 404.

How fast does a YVY e-bike go?

YVY prints "28+++ mph in pure electric mode" for the K20, K20 Pro and K16, "28+++mph" and "30 mph" for the K20 Lite, and 28 mph for the K20 25Ah. One owner of a new YVY reports "top speed 32 mph". The federal definition's line for a low-speed electric bicycle is 20 mph.

How far does a YVY K20 go on a charge?

YVY claims up to 50 miles in pure electric mode and up to 75 miles in pedal assist on the K20's 48 V 20 Ah pack, which is 960 Wh (K20 page). Its page adds that the real distance "depends on factors like riding style, pedal assist/throttle usage, rider weight, terrain, and wind conditions." Plan your rides on the lower figure.

What is the YVY warranty?

One year on the motor, battery and charger, issued by "YVY Bikes" (YVY warranty page). For a bike bought elsewhere, YVY's contact page says to contact the shop where you bought it, and on a Redtail order we help you work the claim with the maker without providing the warranty ourselves. The terms table sets both side by side.

Are YVY e-bikes any good?

The public record is YVY's own pages and owners' accounts. A new owner reports "40 mile range 3-5 pedal assist modes top speed 32 mph", and a K20 Lite buyer reports an E07 error within a day. Each is one person's account, and the owner reports list more.

Can I mod a YVY e-bike?

A change to the controller, motor or battery changes the figures a statute measures and can void the maker's warranty. YVY's warranty excludes "damage not resulting from defects in hardware or firmware," and the CPSC's fire warning concerns batteries and wires. The law section explains what a statute tests.

How much does a YVY e-bike cost?

Our price runs from $757.85 for the K20 Lite to $1,608.85 for the K20 Pro on October 14, 2026, and YVY's own store listed its US variants from $619 to $1,399 that day. Prices move, and the table in the models section is dated.

Where can I buy a YVY e-bike in the US?

From yvyebike.com, from ridstar.com's YVY collection, from Amazon storefronts, or from us. Where you buy decides who answers a warranty claim, and the channels table puts each route's warranty line beside it. Shipping on ours is free inside the lower 48 states.

How do I reach YVY customer service?

YVY's warranty and contact pages name one address, yvysupport@yvyebike.com. The header of its pages lists a phone number in a block NANPA calls "fictitious, non-working numbers". If you bought from us, call (213) 444-4020 or email support@redtailebikes.com and we help with the claim.

What is the difference between the YVY K20, K20 Lite and K20 Pro?

The K20 prints a 1,500 W motor, hydraulic brakes and a 960 Wh pack; the K20 Lite a 1,000 W motor, mechanical brakes and a 749 or 720 Wh pack; the K20 Pro two motors with no wattage printed, hydraulic brakes and two 52 V packs, 2,080 Wh. The models section has each one's weight, window and price.

What is the YVY C20, and is it sold in the US?

ridstar.com's YVY collection lists the C20, C20 Lite and C20Pro under the label "EU&CA&UK&AU Stock," the C26Max with no stock label, and the K20, K20 Lite and K20Pro under "US Stock." We list the K-models only. No page we read says whether a C-model and a K-model are one bike.

The bottom line

A YVY suits a buyer who wants a throttle-driven, moto-style fat-tire bike and accepts three open questions: whether the parts match the Q20 family's, which of two listings describes the bike, and who answers a claim. Read the owner steps and the checklist first, and get each answer in writing.

Look at another maker's bike when you want a class you can read from the label, a certificate you can open, or a warranty the seller holds. The e-bike finder and the moped guide lead to bikes on our shelf, and the brand list names every maker we sell.

Limitations

Twelve limits apply to this profile. Each one is stated as a fact about the record on October 14, 2026, with the source that shows it, so a reader can see what the page does not cover.

1. Prices and stock move daily. Our prices were read from our store's Admin record and YVY's from its catalog on October 14, 2026, and both change without notice (YVY's catalog).
2. YVY's store reports availability two ways that disagree for some listings. Its catalog file marks the K16 unavailable while the product-page endpoint for the US market marks it available, so this page prints no maker availability (K16 product endpoint).
3. Some figures are printed inside YVY's photographs. The weights of the K20, K20 Lite and K16, and the windows on their panels, sit in geometry and size-guide images that we read by eye. The K20 Pro and K20 25Ah print no weight in the page text, the product record, the photographs or the blog (K20 geometry panel).
4. YVY's own pages differ on ten statements, and the table in the disagreements section prints both sides of each with its source rather than choosing one.
5. Whether the 750 W listings describe a different bike from the 1,500 W and 1,000 W ones is not established. The six "cTUVus Certified" listings print no certificate number, and the page does not say which listing matches the bike you would receive (K20 listing, vendor "YVY US").
6. The company's own history is its claim. The K20 listings say "Established in New Jersey and proudly serving the US since 2008," and the company-address page names a Hung Hom business. We read no Hong Kong company-registry record, so the page reports both lines as YVY's own statements (company-address page).
7. The trademark records were read on September 17 and October 14, 2026. The status pages were generated on the first date, and the second reading came from the USPTO's own record service because the status page answered HTTP 429. A filing made after October 14 would not appear here, and the register does not say how the owners relate to HK Ridstar Trade Limited (USPTO status record for the YVY mark).
8. One register was searched by name only. TÜV Rheinland's Certipedia returned nothing for the YVY-side names, and a certificate filed under a factory name that no page gives would not appear (Certipedia).
9. The EU's Safety Gate alert system was not searched, and Walmart.com's YVY listings could not be opened, so the page makes no statement about either. Walmart.com answered with a robot check.
10. The forum evidence is a sample. A search of Reddit's feed for seven YVY phrases returned 29 posts, each quoted as one person's account and none totalled (r/ebikes).
11. The two court filings are allegations. The last docket entries we read are July 8, 2026 in Oregon and October 1, 2026 in Florida, and neither case is decided (Cunanan docket).
12. Dated facts expire. The conditions that change this page are listed in the expiry conditions. Of the 76 cited documents, 28 have an Internet Archive address on the record (a capture dated October 14, 2026, or a capture the page links as its evidence), and the rest carry a written waiver in the citation ledger beside the deposit copy.

Expiry conditions

This profile stops being accurate when a listed condition changes. The conditions are price, stock, YVY's catalog and pages, the federal listings, the two lawsuits, the trademark record and the statutes, and we re-read each one before the next republish.

This page is accurate as of October 14, 2026.

It stops being accurate when any of these change:

• a price or listing on our store or on YVY's
• YVY's warranty, contact, payment or About page
• a new CPSC warning or recall naming YVY, a K-model or HK Ridstar Trade Limited
• an answer from either company on whether the K-line shares the Q20 family's parts
• a ruling or amended pleading in either lawsuit, where the Oregon scheduling order sets November 20, 2026 as the deadline to amend pleadings or add parties
• a change in the USPTO record
• California's SB 1167, approved September 30, 2026, which rewrites Vehicle Code § 312.5 from January 1, 2027

We re-read each of these before the next republish.

Source register

The grades below say how each source was read. Every fact on the page rests on a source graded T1 or T2, and T4 is used only for owners' and buyers' accounts, quoted as theirs.

Sources consulted

• 379 yvyebike.com URLs requested: 362 read, 17 returned a 404 (policy handles the store does not have, and the Ridstar UK statement page noted above)
• 48 ridstar.net and 100 ridstar.com pages and product records read, for the pages that name YVY
• 33 of 33 product photographs for the five models downloaded and run through text recognition, and the four that print a weight, window or range opened and read by eye
• 5 YVY bikes and 29 YVY parts on our store read from the Admin record on October 14, 2026
• 2 CPSC databases (10,047 recalls and 375 warnings), TÜV Rheinland's Certipedia, CourtListener's RECAP archive and 4 USPTO status records
• 33 Search Console query rows naming YVY, 1,059 search-suggestion rows from 3 engines (523 distinct strings, 180 naming YVY), 29 forum posts and 8 AI-engine prompts

No aggregator, news summary or search snippet is cited as a fact on this page. A question that a search suggestion raised is answered only from a T1 or T2 source, or it is marked in the Limitations.

Primary sources

Each entry is a document the page cites, with its date of retrieval and the deposit copy kept beside this page, and the list is generated from the same ledger as the body's links.

1. YVY (yvyebike.com), YVY US (yvyebike.com), store home page and footer, home page, footer links and navigation (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://yvyebike.com/ Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/ (MANIFEST.json lists every URL requested, its status and sha256).
2. YVY (yvyebike.com), Company Address - YVY US, 'Name of Business' and address lines (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://yvyebike.com/pages/company-address Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/pages/pages_company-address.txt.
3. YVY (yvyebike.com), About Us - YVY US, About page, opening paragraph (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://yvyebike.com/pages/about-us Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/pages/pages_about-us.txt.
4. YVY (yvyebike.com), Payment - YVY US, page body, the greeting and the account paragraph (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://yvyebike.com/pages/payment Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/pages/pages_payment.txt. Archived copy: Internet Archive capture.
5. YVY (yvyebike.com), Cookie Policy - YVY US, policy body, the sentence naming the website (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://yvyebike.com/pages/cookie-policy Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/pages/pages_cookie-policy.txt. Archived copy: Internet Archive capture.
6. YVY (yvyebike.com), E-Bike Warranty - YVY US, contact line, 'warranty start date' sentence and the model list (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://yvyebike.com/pages/ebike-warranty Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/pages/pages_ebike-warranty.txt. Archived copy: Internet Archive capture.
7. YVY (yvyebike.com), as captured by the Internet Archive, E-Bike Warranty - YVY US, capture of May 12, 2026 16:05 UTC, contact line, warranty start date and model list (issued 2026-05-12; read 2026-10-14). https://web.archive.org/web/20260512160522/https://yvyebike.com/pages/ebike-warranty Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/wayback_20261014/yvy_ebike-warranty_20260512.txt.
8. YVY (yvyebike.com), as captured by the Internet Archive, Ridstar UK Official Statement - YVY US, capture of May 12, 2026 16:14 UTC, page body, the opening sentence (issued 2026-05-12; read 2026-10-14). https://web.archive.org/web/20260512161452/https://yvyebike.com/pages/ridstar-uk-official-statement Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/wayback_20261014/yvy_ridstar-uk-official-statement_20260512.txt.
9. YVY (yvyebike.com), Contact Us - YVY US, contact page, the warranty sentence (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://yvyebike.com/pages/contact-us Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/pages/pages_contact-us.txt.
10. YVY (yvyebike.com), Return & Refund Policy - YVY US, change-of-mind, cancellation and shipping-damage sections (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://yvyebike.com/pages/return-refund-policy Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/pages/pages_return-refund-policy.txt.
11. YVY (yvyebike.com), Shipping Policy - YVY US, delivery times, coverage and the age line (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://yvyebike.com/pages/shipping-policy Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/pages/pages_shipping-policy.txt.
12. YVY (yvyebike.com), Terms of Service - YVY US, SECTION 18 - Governing Law (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://yvyebike.com/pages/terms-of-service Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/pages/pages_terms-of-service.txt.
13. YVY (yvyebike.com), YVY US catalog, products.json, product records: title, vendor, price, available, body_html (issued 2026-10-14; read 2026-10-14). https://yvyebike.com/products.json Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/catalog/products.json (51 products).
14. YVY (yvyebike.com), YVY K20 25Ah product page, feature list and specification block (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://yvyebike.com/products/yvy-k20-25ah-electric-bicycle Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/pdp/yvy-k20-25ah-electric-bicycle.txt and .js.json.
15. YVY (yvyebike.com), YVY K20 electric bicycle product page (vendor YVY US), feature list (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://yvyebike.com/products/yvy-k20-electric-bicycle Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/pdp/yvy-k20-electric-bicycle.txt and .js.json.
16. YVY (yvyebike.com), YVY K20 fat tire electric bicycle product page (YVY Official Store), feature list, specification block and company line (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://yvyebike.com/products/yvy-k20-fat-tire-electric-bicycle Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/pdp/yvy-k20-fat-tire-electric-bicycle.txt and .js.json.
17. YVY (yvyebike.com), YVY K20 Lite fat tire electric bicycle product page (YVY Official Store), feature list and specification block (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://yvyebike.com/products/yvy-k20-lite-fat-tire-electric-bicycle Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/pdp/yvy-k20-lite-fat-tire-electric-bicycle.txt and .js.json.
18. YVY (yvyebike.com), YVY K20 Lite electric bicycle product page (vendor YVY US), feature list (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://yvyebike.com/products/yvy-k20lite-electric-bicycle Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/pdp/yvy-k20lite-electric-bicycle.txt and .js.json. Archived copy: Internet Archive capture.
19. YVY (yvyebike.com), YVY K20 Pro fat tire electric bicycle product page, feature list and specification block (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://yvyebike.com/products/yvy-k20pro-fat-tire-electric-bicycle Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/pdp/yvy-k20pro-fat-tire-electric-bicycle.txt and .js.json.
20. YVY (yvyebike.com), YVY Q16 1500W fat tire electric bicycle product page (our K16), feature list and specification block (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://yvyebike.com/products/yvy-q16-1500w-fat-tire-electric-bicycle Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/pdp/yvy-q16-1500w-fat-tire-electric-bicycle.txt and .js.json.
21. YVY (yvyebike.com), YVY Q16 1500W product endpoint (.js), 'available' field (issued 2026-10-14; read 2026-10-14). https://yvyebike.com/products/yvy-q16-1500w-fat-tire-electric-bicycle.js Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/pdp/yvy-q16-1500w-fat-tire-electric-bicycle.js.json (available true) against research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/catalog/products.json (every variant available false).
22. YVY (yvyebike.com), YVY K20 DC26 H20 48V 20Ah removable e-bike battery product page, variant list and prices (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://yvyebike.com/products/yvy-k20-dc26-h20-48v-20ah-removable-electric-e-bike-battery Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/pdp/yvy-k20-dc26-h20-48v-20ah-removable-electric-e-bike-battery.txt.
23. YVY (yvyebike.com), YVY Motor product page (listing yvy-lcd-display-copy), Description paragraph (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://yvyebike.com/products/yvy-lcd-display-copy Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/pdp/yvy-lcd-display-copy.txt (fetched with ?country=US on 2026-10-14). Archived copy: Internet Archive capture.
24. YVY (yvyebike.com), Dual-battery e-bike: how a second pack extends real-world range (YVY blog), closing checklist (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://yvyebike.com/blogs/knowledge/dual-battery-e-bike-how-a-second-pack-extends-real-world-range Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/pages/blogs_knowledge_dual-battery-e-bike-how-a-second-pack-extends-real-world-range.txt.
25. YVY (yvyebike.com), YVY K20 specification review: 1500W fat tire e-bike for commutes and trails (YVY blog), specification summary (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://yvyebike.com/blogs/knowledge/yvy-k20-specification-review-1500w-fat-tire-e-bike-for-commutes-and-trails Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/pages/blogs_knowledge_yvy-k20-specification-review-1500w-fat-tire-e-bike-for-commutes-and-trails.txt.
26. Ridstar (ridstar.net), About Us - Ridstar, About page, opening paragraph (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://ridstar.net/pages/about-us Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/rnet/pages/pages_about-us.txt. Archived copy: Internet Archive capture.
27. Ridstar (ridstar.net), Company Address - Ridstar, 'Name of Business' and address lines (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://ridstar.net/pages/company-address Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/rnet/pages/pages_company-address.txt. Archived copy: Internet Archive capture.
28. Ridstar (ridstar.net), Payment - Ridstar, page body, the greeting and the account paragraph (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://ridstar.net/pages/payment Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/rnet/pages/pages_payment.txt. Archived copy: Internet Archive capture.
29. Ridstar (ridstar.com), YVY Ebikes collection - Ridstar, collection record, products array (issued 2026-10-14; read 2026-10-14). https://ridstar.com/collections/yvy-ebikes Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/rcom/catalog/collection_yvy-ebikes.json (7 products). Archived copy: Internet Archive capture.
30. Ridstar (ridstar.com), Ridstar/YVY User Manual (ridstar.com menu), site navigation (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://ridstar.com/pages/ridstar-yvy-user-manual Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/rcom/pages/ (63 of 63 ridstar.com pages read carry both menu links). Archived copy: Internet Archive capture.
31. Ridstar (ridstar.com), Ridstar Q20 1500W fat tire e-bike product page, feature list, specification block and photograph grid (undated; read 2026-10-12). https://ridstar.com/products/ridstar-q20-1500w-fat-tire-ebike Deposit: research/ridstar-series/deposits/20261012/maker/ridstar.com__ridstar-q20-1500w-fat-tire-ebike.html (fetched 2026-10-12 07:52 UTC) and .js.json. Archived copy: Internet Archive capture.
32. Ridstar (ridstar.com), YVY K20Pro 2000W Dual Motor fat tire electric bike product page (ridstar.com), product title (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://ridstar.com/products/yvy-k20pro-2000w-dual-motor-fat-tire-electric-bike Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/rcom/pdp/yvy-k20pro-2000w-dual-motor-fat-tire-electric-bike.txt. Archived copy: Internet Archive capture.
33. Ridstar (ridstar.com), YVY K20 Lite 1000W fat tire electric bicycle product page (ridstar.com), warranty line on the product page (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://ridstar.com/products/yvy-k20-lite-1000w-fat-tire-electric-bicycle Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/rcom/pdp/yvy-k20-lite-1000w-fat-tire-electric-bicycle.txt.
34. Huizhou Xingqishi Sporting Goods Co.,Ltd. (test report hosted by YVY and Ridstar), EN 15194 test report FM-002 (ATS240329142LR), cover page: applicant, manufacturer, model, product name (issued 2024-04-02; read 2026-10-14). https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0696/9960/0602/files/FM-002_ATS240329142LR_EN15194.pdf?v=1730083922 Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy_pdfs/FM-002_ATS240329142LR_EN15194.pdf (text research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy_pdfs/FM-002_EN15194.txt).
35. EUIPO registration certificate (document hosted by YVY and Ridstar), EU trade mark registration No 018609888 (Ridstar), certificate header: number, mark, holder (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0696/9960/0602/files/Ridstar-12_018609888.pdf?v=1720059857 Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy_pdfs/Ridstar-12_018609888.pdf (text research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy_pdfs/Ridstar-12_018609888.txt).
36. YVY (yvyebike.com), YVY product photograph: 15_75d1283f-3923-4e19-835c-40e1b59a48de.jpg, geometry panel text, read at readable size (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0717/3734/4052/files/15_75d1283f-3923-4e19-835c-40e1b59a48de.jpg?v=1756802017 Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/images/yvy-k20-fat-tire-electric-bicycle/08_15_75d1283f-3923-4e19-835c-40e1b59a48de.jpg (sha256 a0c057251d23d741). Archived copy: Internet Archive capture.
37. YVY (yvyebike.com), YVY product photograph: 15_1c07e0ab-ded7-4114-8eca-38539ed348d3.jpg, geometry panel text, read at readable size (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0717/3734/4052/files/15_1c07e0ab-ded7-4114-8eca-38539ed348d3.jpg?v=1757299419 Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/images/yvy-k20-lite-fat-tire-electric-bicycle/10_15_1c07e0ab-ded7-4114-8eca-38539ed348d3.jpg (sha256 fd74cb5107adf3c8). Archived copy: Internet Archive capture.
38. YVY (yvyebike.com), YVY product photograph: 20260702165705_51_557.jpg, gallery photograph text, read at readable size (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0717/3734/4052/files/20260702165705_51_557.jpg?v=1782983123 Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/images/yvy-k20pro-fat-tire-electric-bicycle/02_20260702165705_51_557.jpg (sha256 76f146765ce78bf8). Archived copy: Internet Archive capture.
39. YVY (yvyebike.com), YVY product photograph: 3_ada2d1c3-225c-49d2-bb9c-879cbac1c7b6.jpg, size-guide text, read at readable size (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0717/3734/4052/files/3_ada2d1c3-225c-49d2-bb9c-879cbac1c7b6.jpg?v=1778548645 Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/maker_20261014/yvy/images/yvy-q16-1500w-fat-tire-electric-bicycle/06_3_ada2d1c3-225c-49d2-bb9c-879cbac1c7b6.jpg (sha256 ac6698ff06da426d). Archived copy: Internet Archive capture.
40. U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, CPSC Warns Consumers to Immediately Stop Using Ridstar E-Bikes Due to Fire Hazard; Risk of Serious Injury or Death (Warning 26-337), hazard, incident, manufacturer and consumer-action statements (issued 2026-03-19; read 2026-10-14). https://www.cpsc.gov/Warnings/2026/CPSC-Warns-Consumers-to-Immediately-Stop-Using-Ridstar-E-Bikes-Due-to-Fire-Hazard-Risk-of-Serious-Injury-or-Death Deposit: research/ridstar-series/record/20261014/cpsc/warning_26-337_r.jina.ai.txt (the page's text through a reader proxy, retrieved 2026-10-14).
41. U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, CPSC Warns Consumers to Stop Using Ridstar E-Bikes Immediately Due to Crash Hazard; Risk of Serious Injury or Death (Warning 26-584), hazard, incident, manufacturer and consumer-action statements (issued 2026-06-25; read 2026-10-14). https://www.cpsc.gov/Warnings/2026/CPSC-Warns-Consumers-to-Stop-Using-Ridstar-E-Bikes-Immediately-Due-to-Crash-Hazard-Risk-of-Serious-Injury-or-Death Deposit: research/ridstar-series/record/20261014/cpsc/warning_26-584_r.jina.ai.txt (retrieved 2026-10-14).
42. U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Product Safety Warning Listing (CSV), every row, every column, word-boundary match (issued 2026-10-14; read 2026-10-14). https://www.cpsc.gov/s3fs-public/recall-data/product_safety_warning_listing.csv Deposit: research/ridstar-series/record/20261014/cpsc/product_safety_warning_listing.csv (sha256 732f3dfd9b95fa95).
43. U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Recall database (SaferProducts.gov REST API), every record, full-record word-boundary match across all fields (issued 2026-10-14; read 2026-10-14). https://www.saferproducts.gov/RestWebServices/Recall Deposit: research/ridstar-series/record/20261014/cpsc/cpsc-recalls-all.json (sha256 08821da238969be4).
44. U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, SaferProducts.gov (CPSC incident reporting), home page (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://www.saferproducts.gov/ Deposit: research/ridstar-series/record/20261014/cpsc/warning_26-584_r.jina.ai.txt names the site in its consumer-action paragraph.
45. UK Office for Product Safety and Standards, Product Safety Report 2506-0011: Ridstar E-Bikes Q20-Plus, Q20-Mini, E26 Pro and Chargers, risk-description and measure fields (issued 2025-06-19; read 2026-10-14). https://www.gov.uk/product-safety-alerts-reports-recalls/product-safety-report-ridstar-e-bikes-and-chargers-2506-0011 Deposit: research/ridstar-series/record/20261014/opss/govuk_2506-0011.html (retrieved 2026-10-14).
46. U.S. District Court, District of Oregon (CourtListener RECAP docket), Cunanan v. Amazon.com Services LLC, docket, docket entries: filing date, last entry, scheduling order (issued 2026-04-07; read 2026-10-14). https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/73159439/cunanan-v-amazoncom-services-llc/ Deposit: research/ridstar-series/record/20261014/courtlistener/docket_73159439.html (retrieved 2026-10-14).
47. U.S. District Court, District of Oregon (CourtListener RECAP document), Cunanan v. Amazon.com Services LLC, No. 3:26-cv-00692, complaint (document 1), complaint ¶ 30, pages 5 to 6 (issued 2026-04-07; read 2026-10-14). https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.ord.193206/gov.uscourts.ord.193206.1.0.pdf Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/courtlistener/cunanan_complaint_text_20261014.txt (text of the PDF). Archived copy: Internet Archive capture.
48. U.S. District Court, Southern District of Florida (CourtListener RECAP docket), L.E. v. Walmart Inc., docket, docket entries: removal date, last entry; complaint allegation (issued 2026-08-24; read 2026-10-14). https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/74691512/le-v-walmart-inc/ Deposit: research/ridstar-series/record/20261014/courtlistener/docket_74691512.html (retrieved 2026-10-14).
49. U.S. District Court, Southern District of Florida (CourtListener RECAP document), L.E. v. Walmart Inc., No. 9:26-cv-81045, complaint (document 1-1), complaint ¶¶ 5 and 15, caption (issued 2026-08-24; read 2026-09-11). https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.flsd.721816/gov.uscourts.flsd.721816.1.1.pdf Deposit: research/ridstar/deposits/20260911/gov.uscourts.flsd.721816.1.1.txt (text of the PDF, retrieved 2026-09-11.
50. United States Patent and Trademark Office, TSDR status record, serial 99300426 (YVY), owner, registration date, status and history fields (issued 2026-03-03; read 2026-10-14). https://tsdr.uspto.gov/statusview/sn99300426 Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/gov_20261014/uspto/tmsearch_proxy_99300426.json (the USPTO's own record service, read 2026-10-14. Archived copy: Internet Archive capture.
51. United States Patent and Trademark Office, TSDR status record, serial 90454550 (YVY), owner, registration date, status and history fields (issued 2021-11-09; read 2026-10-14). https://tsdr.uspto.gov/statusview/sn90454550 Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/gov_20261014/uspto/tmsearch_proxy_90454550.json (the USPTO's own record service, read 2026-10-14.
52. United States Patent and Trademark Office, TSDR status record, serial 97145495 (RIDSTAR), owner, registration date, status and history fields (issued 2022-12-27; read 2026-10-14). https://tsdr.uspto.gov/statusview/sn97145495 Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/gov_20261014/uspto/tmsearch_proxy_97145495.json (the USPTO's own record service, read 2026-10-14. Archived copy: Internet Archive capture.
53. United States Patent and Trademark Office, TSDR status record, serial 98932964 (RIDSTAR), owner, registration date, status and history fields (issued 2025-09-23; read 2026-10-14). https://tsdr.uspto.gov/statusview/sn98932964 Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/gov_20261014/uspto/tmsearch_proxy_98932964.json (the USPTO's own record service, read 2026-10-14. Archived copy: Internet Archive capture.
54. TÜV Rheinland (Certipedia), Certipedia certificate search, by holder or product name, search result pages (issued 2026-10-14; read 2026-10-14). https://www.certipedia.com/ Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/gov_20261014/certipedia/ (one search page per name. Archived copy: Internet Archive capture.
55. North American Numbering Plan Administrator, 555 Line Numbers, page body, the reservation sentence (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://www.nanpa.com/numbering/555-line-numbers Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/gov_20261014/nanpa/nanpa_555-line-numbers.html (retrieved 2026-10-14).
56. U.S. Government Publishing Office, 15 U.S.C. § 2085 - Low-speed electric bicycles (USCODE-2024), § 2085(b) 'Definition' (issued 2024; read 2026-10-14). https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2024-title15/html/USCODE-2024-title15-chap47-sec2085.htm Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/law_20261014/usc15-2085_govinfo_20261014.html, read 2026-10-14.
57. U.S. Congress (107th Congress), via Congress.gov, Public Law 107-319, An Act To amend the Consumer Product Safety Act to provide that low-speed electric bicycles are consumer products subject to such Act, section 1, adding Sec. 38(b) (116 Stat. 2776) (issued 2002-12-04; read 2026-10-14). https://www.congress.gov/107/plaws/publ319/PLAW-107publ319.htm Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/law_20261014/plaw107319_congress.txt, read 2026-10-14. Archived copy: Internet Archive capture.
58. California Legislative Counsel (Legislative Information), California Vehicle Code § 312.5 (amended by Stats. 2024, Ch. 791, SB 1271, effective January 1, 2025), § 312.5(a), (a)(3), (a)(4), (c) (issued 2025-01-01; read 2026-10-14). https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=VEH&sectionNum=312.5 Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/law_20261014/cvc_312.5_leginfo_jina_20261014.txt (read 2026-10-14 through the reader proxy r.jina.ai.
59. California Legislature, SB 1167 (Blakespear), Vehicles: electric bicycles - chaptered bill text, title; SEC. 8 (issued 2026-09-30; read 2026-10-14). https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1167 Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/law_20261014/sb1167_text_leginfo_jina_20261014.txt (read 2026-10-14 through the reader proxy.
60. California Legislature, SB 1167 (2025-2026) - bill status and history, history actions of 09/30/26 (issued 2026-09-30; read 2026-10-14). https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1167 Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/law_20261014/sb1167_status_leginfo_jina_20261014.txt (read 2026-10-14 through the reader proxy.
61. California Legislature (Legislative Information), California Constitution, Article IV, Section 8, § 8(c)(1) (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=CONS&sectionNum=SEC.%208.&article=IV Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/law_20261014/cons_art4_sec8_leginfo_jina_20261014.txt (read 2026-10-14 through the reader proxy.
62. U.S. Bureau of Land Management (via GPO), 43 CFR § 8340.0-5 - Definitions (CFR-2024, Title 43), § 8340.0-5(j) (issued 2024-10-01; read 2026-10-14). https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2024-title43-vol2/xml/CFR-2024-title43-vol2-sec8340-0-5.xml Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/law_20261014/cfr43_8340-0-5_govinfo_20261014.xml, read 2026-10-14.
63. U.S. Bureau of Land Management (via GPO), 43 CFR § 8340.0-7 - Penalties (CFR-2024, Title 43), § 8340.0-7, scope: subparts 8341 and 8343 (issued 2024-10-01; read 2026-10-14). https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2024-title43-vol2/xml/CFR-2024-title43-vol2-sec8340-0-7.xml Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/law_20261014/cfr43_8340-0-7_govinfo_20261014.xml, read 2026-10-14.
64. Redtail eBikes, How buying works (redtailebikes.com), damage-in-transit and age sections (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://redtailebikes.com/pages/how-buying-works Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/ours_20261014/pages_how-buying-works.txt. Archived copy: Internet Archive capture.
65. Redtail eBikes, Refund policy (redtailebikes.com), change-of-mind returns (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://redtailebikes.com/policies/refund-policy Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/ours_20261014/policies_refund-policy.txt. Archived copy: Internet Archive capture.
66. Redtail eBikes, Shipping policy (redtailebikes.com), processing and delivery (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://redtailebikes.com/policies/shipping-policy Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/ours_20261014/policies_shipping-policy.txt. Archived copy: Internet Archive capture.
67. Redtail eBikes, Terms of Service (redtailebikes.com), battery-safety and warranty sections (undated; read 2026-10-14). https://redtailebikes.com/policies/terms-of-service Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/deposits/ours_20261014/policies_terms-of-service.txt. Archived copy: Internet Archive capture.
68. Reddit (r/ebikes), r/ebikes, community feed (issued 2026-10-14; read 2026-10-14). https://www.reddit.com/r/ebikes/ Deposit: keywords/harvest/yvy-ebikes_forum-rss_20261014.csv (29 posts, retrieved 2026-10-14 through Reddit's search RSS).
69. Reddit (r/ebikes), a user's post, r/ebikes thread 1q1wpo9, the post or comment quoted (issued 2026-01-02; read 2026-10-14). https://www.reddit.com/r/ebikes/comments/1q1wpo9/can_someone_please_show_me_the_official_website/ Deposit: keywords/harvest/yvy-ebikes_forum-rss_20261014.csv (post id 1q1wpo9).
70. Reddit (r/ebikes), a user's post, r/ebikes thread 1q1xro7, the post or comment quoted (issued 2026-01-02; read 2026-10-14). https://www.reddit.com/r/ebikes/comments/1q1xro7/ridstaryvy_safety/ Deposit: keywords/harvest/yvy-ebikes_forum-rss_20261014.csv (post id 1q1xro7).
71. Reddit (r/ebikes), a user's post, r/ebikes thread 1s6nj9o, the post or comment quoted (issued 2026-03-29; read 2026-10-14). https://www.reddit.com/r/ebikes/comments/1s6nj9o/is_this_bike_an_upgrade/ Deposit: keywords/harvest/yvy-ebikes_forum-rss_20261014.csv (post id 1s6nj9o).
72. Reddit (r/ebikes), a user's post, r/ebikes thread 1tajsse, the post or comment quoted (issued 2026-05-11; read 2026-10-14). https://www.reddit.com/r/ebikes/comments/1tajsse/ridstar_place_to_buy/ Deposit: keywords/harvest/yvy-ebikes_forum-rss_20261014.csv (post id 1tajsse).
73. Reddit (r/ebikes), a user's post, r/ebikes thread 1u0pipv, the post or comment quoted (issued 2026-06-09; read 2026-10-14). https://www.reddit.com/r/ebikes/comments/1u0pipv/yvy_ebike/ Deposit: keywords/harvest/yvy-ebikes_forum-rss_20261014.csv (post id 1u0pipv).
74. Reddit (r/ebikes), a user's post, r/ebikes thread 1vqpw6a, the post or comment quoted (issued 2026-08-17; read 2026-10-14). https://www.reddit.com/r/ebikes/comments/1vqpw6a/yvy_bike_purchased_through_amazon_and_not_working/ Deposit: keywords/harvest/yvy-ebikes_forum-rss_20261014.csv (post id 1vqpw6a).
75. Reddit (r/ebikes), a user's post, r/ebikes thread 1x1ecan, the post or comment quoted (issued 2026-10-09; read 2026-10-14). https://www.reddit.com/r/ebikes/comments/1x1ecan/ridstar_yvy_battery/ Deposit: keywords/harvest/yvy-ebikes_forum-rss_20261014.csv (post id 1x1ecan).
76. Trustpilot (a reviewer's post), Trustpilot review 6a1883696fafe2aefdfcfe2d, the review (issued 2026-05-14; read 2026-10-14). https://www.trustpilot.com/reviews/6a1883696fafe2aefdfcfe2d Deposit: research/yvy-ebikes/testimony/trustpilot_ridstar.com.txt (and trustpilot_ridstar.net.txt, trustpilot_yvyebike.com.txt: a real 404).