Eunorau FLASH AWD 1.0 Review 2026: Dual 750W, $1,784

82–92 lb · CST 20 × 4.0 fat tires · 2 × 750 W hubs, front and rear · 92 N·m each · one speed · 832 Wh · 20 mph · 440 lb payload · 30.7 in standover · 33.1 in bench seat · riders 5'2"–6'4" · $1,784 in Moon Black or Lunar Dust · verified November 3, 2026

Quick Answer: The Eunorau FLASH AWD 1.0 is a $1,784 dual-motor step-over on 20 × 4.0 fat tires: a 750 W hub in each wheel, one gear, an 80 mm fork, hydraulic brakes and bays for three packs. With both motors on the throttle, a 180 lb rider covers about 54 miles at 12 mph on the standard 832 Wh pack.

That pack gives about 38 miles at 18 mph, and the second hub pays off on grades: up an 8% street the model holds 18.4 mph with 180 lb aboard, where one hub of the same rating holds 13.9 (the climb table). Eunorau's rider window is 5'2" to 6'4", and 99 of 100 riders at 5'8" in the Army's survey stand over its 30.7-inch top tube flat-footed.

Counted one motor at a time, its printed figures fit 27 of 51 jurisdictions' e-bike definitions on September 30, 2026 and 28 from October 1; counted as one 1,500 W system, they fit 3 (the law section).

What's on this page

Twenty-five sections, from who the AWD suits through its two motors, its parts and frame, the other FLASH models, the range and payload, your fit, the law read both ways, ownership, and the verdict.

• Who the FLASH AWD 1.0 is for
• How we verified this Eunorau FLASH AWD 1.0 review
• Eunorau FLASH AWD 1.0 specifications
• Two 750 W hubs and the throttle
• One gear, the fork, the brakes and the display
• The step-over frame, the bench and the three bays
• FLASH AWD 1.0 or another FLASH
• How far the FLASH AWD 1.0 goes
• What the 440 lb payload covers
• Will the FLASH AWD 1.0 fit you?
• The Mercer fit test
• What the law calls it: two 750 W motors, a throttle and 20 mph
• Charging and battery care
• Where Eunorau prints a figure two ways
• Has it been recalled?
• Is it UL certified?
• Warranty, and who handles a claim
• Buying it from us
• The honest ledger
• Who should buy it
• Before you buy: the checklist
• Limitations of this review
• The source register
• Frequently asked questions
• The bottom line

Who the FLASH AWD 1.0 is for

Eunorau's own photograph of the Moon Black, placed on a pale studio sweep we built around it for this card. The $2,099 and the two 750 W hubs are Eunorau's figures, and the range section works out the 54 miles.

The AWD suits you if you want a moped's stance and a long bench with a motor pulling at each end: steep streets, a passenger behind you, loose ground. Eunorau's page calls it "a versatile dual-motor e-bike designed for solo rides and two-person cruising" and says its dual motors "provide dependable power for hills, added passenger weight, and changing road conditions".

The Lunar Dust from the chain side, as Eunorau photographed it: a hub at each axle, the single chainring and cog, and the FLASH lettering along the chainstay.

Its FAQ names the rider too: someone who wants "extra power, comfortable everyday riding, and the option to carry a passenger", and it lists "hills, heavier loads, commuting, and relaxed two-person rides" as what the pair of motors suits (Eunorau's FAQ for the AWD).

Are your miles mostly flat, and does range matter more to you than climbing? Our FLASH LITE 2.0 review covers the same frame on one rear hub for $1,899, and our FLASH LITE ST review a 17.5-inch step-through for shorter riders.

How we verified this Eunorau FLASH AWD 1.0 review

Every specification here is Eunorau's, taken from the FLASH AWD 1.0 product page and its product record on September 26 and again on September 30, 2026. Each figure that needs arithmetic is worked again, and where Eunorau prints a figure two ways, the conflicts table shows both.

The range and fit models end their sections with the formula and every input (range, fit). The law section runs all 51 jurisdictions twice, per motor and combined, and the Limitations date each screen and each store read.

We sell the FLASH AWD 1.0, and the honest ledger points every rider it suits less well to one of our bikes that fits better. Milad Ghobadibeygvand, BScN (Western University, 2014), wrote it; send corrections to corrections@redtailebikes.com.

Eunorau FLASH AWD 1.0 specifications

Each row is Eunorau's figure as the page and record read on September 26 and 30, 2026.

The seven lettered geometry rows on the AWD's page:

Read from the FLASH AWD 1.0 page on September 30, 2026; the inch figures are Eunorau's own. Row B gives two figures that do not agree, and the conflicts table lists both.

Two 750 W hubs and the throttle

Each wheel carries its own 52 V, 750 W hub motor rated at 92 N·m. Eunorau writes the pair three ways: "Dual 52V750W Hub Motor with dual 92N.m Torque" in the spec rows, "AWD 1500W" in the highlights (Eunorau's page), and "52V1500W Dual 750W Motor with 184 N.m Torque" in the product record. All three describe the same two motors, one count per motor and one for the pair.

The front wheel, cropped from Eunorau's photograph of the Moon Black: the second hub motor sits at the axle, behind the 180 mm rotor and the fork leg.

Eunorau's FAQ for the AWD says the dual motors "provide stronger acceleration, improved climbing support, and better traction than a typical single-motor e-bike", and adds that "Actual performance will depend on rider weight, passenger load, terrain, battery level, and riding conditions."

The thumb throttle moves the bike without pedaling, and the "0~5 level pedal assist" adds power while you pedal. In the model, both hubs together carry a 180 lb rider on the flat to the printed 20 mph and hold it there (the formula).

The rear wheel, cropped from the same chain-side photograph: the rear hub, one small cog above a chain tensioner, and "FLASH AWD" on the chainstay.

What the second motor buys and what it costs, in the same model: up an 8% grade with 180 lb aboard the pair holds 18.4 mph where one hub of the same rating holds 13.9, and with the full 440 lb it holds 14.8 mph against 7.8. At a 12 mph cruise the pair covers 54 miles on the standard pack, where one hub covers 61 (the climb table).

One gear, the fork, the brakes and the display

The AWD has one speed on 170 mm forged alloy cranks, and the model reads its drive as a 36-tooth chainring turning the 18-tooth freewheel the FLASH LITE ST prints. Each crank turn then covers 3.83 meters, so your legs help up to about 14 mph and the throttle takes the pace from there (the gear section).

Up front is an EXSHO STRONG-DH fork with 80 mm of travel and, in Eunorau's feature copy, "compression adjustment and lockout"; the copy says it "absorbs most of the jarring bumps and shocks, especially on complicated and rugged routes". The rear is rigid: the product record lists the suspension as "Hard Tail" and the shock as "Front shock, no rear".

The cockpit, cropped from Eunorau's front three-quarter photograph of the Lunar Dust: the riser bar, the display on the bar beside the stem, and the round headlight above the fork.

Both wheels stop on hydraulic disc brakes with 180 mm rotors, and each lever cuts the motors when you pull it (Eunorau's page). Eunorau's copy describes the brakes as "sensitive, but provide efficient and ample force when braking".

The rest of the kit, as Eunorau lists it:

• The display: a BC281 LCD with "a dark background and bright numerics", which Eunorau says reads "even in direct sunlight", plus a push mode "to use in the circumstance of pushing the bike uphill".
• The app: "EUNORAU GO", for "calorie tracking, trip records, social networking and OTA updates".
• The headlight: runs off the bike's battery and switches from the handlebar control pad.
• The taillight: set into the battery box, and it comes on by itself under braking.
• The fenders: optional, per the product record.
• Also included: aluminum pedals, a manual and a tool kit.

The step-over frame, the bench and the three bays

On a 6061 aluminum frame, the straight top tube stands 30.7 inches off the ground and the bench top 33.1 inches (geometry rows E and D). You mount by swinging a leg over the tube, as on a small motorcycle.

The bench and its battery case, cropped from Eunorau's photograph of the Moon Black: the standard pack rides inside the case, under the Eunorau name on the bench's side.

Three packs fit. The standard 52V 16Ah pack sits in the case under the bench, and Eunorau's battery row reads "52V16Ah Standard (Optional: Top Tube 52V21Ah / Down Tube 52V17Ah)"; one pack comes with the bike, and the other two are extras.

At 82 to 92 lb the AWD is a two-person lift into a truck bed, so you roll it up a ramp or keep it at street level. It is 1,740 mm (68.5 in) long on a 1,090 mm (43 in) wheelbase (rows G and F), a full-size parking spot.

The Moon Black from the front, photographed by Eunorau: the headlight and fork, the front hub inside the wheel, and the bench set high at the back.

It rolls on CST 20 × 4.0 fat tires on 20-inch alloy wheels. On the FLASH LITE 2.0's page, Eunorau's FAQ sends riders who "Frequently ride on sand, snow, or steep grades and need more traction" to the AWD.

FLASH AWD 1.0 or another FLASH

Four FLASH models from Eunorau are on our shelf, all on 20 × 4.0 wheels and all shipping with the 52V 16Ah pack. Only the AWD puts a motor in each wheel, and it shares its step-over frame with the FLASH LITE 2.0 and the FLASH 2.0. Eunorau sizes the three step-overs for riders from 5'2" to 6'4" and starts the ST lower, at 4'8".

Each row comes from that model's page at Eunorau (FLASH LITE ST, FLASH LITE 2.0, FLASH AWD 1.0, FLASH 2.0), read September 30, 2026, when all four of our prices equaled Eunorau's.

Eunorau's own triage of the step-over three, from its FAQ on the FLASH LITE 2.0 page:

• "Tight budget, mostly city commuting on decent roads → FLASH LITE 2.0"
• "Frequently ride on sand, snow, or steep grades and need more traction → FLASH AWD (dual-motor)"
• "Want full suspension comfort and more power, budget allows → FLASH 2.0 (mid-drive)"

Pick the FLASH AWD 1.0 when climbing and a second driven wheel are your reason, at $1,784. Pick the FLASH LITE 2.0 for the same frame and more flat miles on one hub at $1,899, and the FLASH 2.0 for eight gears and rear suspension. All four sit in our Eunorau collection, and every e-bike we sell is a click further.

The Lunar Dust seen from behind, in Eunorau's studio photograph: the taillight at the back of the battery case, the rear hub, and the side stand down.

The Moon Black from the other side, photographed by Eunorau: the front hub and rotor nearest the camera, the bench over its case, and the straight top tube.

How far the FLASH AWD 1.0 goes with both motors pulling

With both hubs sharing the work, the standard 832 Wh pack carries a 180 lb rider about 54 miles at a steady 12 mph on the throttle across flat pavement, about 38 at 18 mph, and about 39 at 12 mph with the full 440 lb. Recharge while Eunorau's FAQ says to, at "10-15%" left, and a rider alone plans 46 miles at 12 mph and 32 at 18.

A saved model of this exact bike sits behind every table here. Its inputs are the FLASH AWD 1.0's printed figures: two 52 V, 750 W hubs of 92 N·m each, a 20 mph maximum speed, the 52V 16Ah pack, the low end of the 82 to 92 lb weight and CST 20 × 4.0 tires; the formula holds the physics.

Read your own ride off the tables like this:

1. Start from your usual speed in the first table; 12 mph is an unhurried pace and 18 mph a brisk throttle commute.
2. Correct for the load and the terrain: the weight rows run from 100 lb to the 440 lb limit, and the hills and climb tables price every grade from 2% to 12%.
3. Budget from the "15% kept" column, and pedal along up to about 14 mph, above which the single gear stops giving your legs useful purchase.

How far does it go at my speed?

Speed decides the most: a charge that lasts 67 miles at 8 mph lasts 33 at the full 20 mph, because air drag rises with the cube of speed (Martin et al., 1998). Stepping up from 15 to 20 mph gives up 27% of the distance.

Both motors on the throttle, 180 lb aboard, flat pavement in calm air at 77 °F. "15% kept" leaves the top of Eunorau's 10 to 15% band in the pack; the last column adds the 21 Ah top-tube pack to the standard 16 Ah, 1,924 Wh together.

The second motor costs range at a cruise. Against the same frame on one of these hubs, our FLASH LITE 2.0 model gives 61 miles at 12 mph, so pulling with two motors trims about 11% there; each hub pays its own no-load current even when the load is light. Eunorau's FAQ for the AWD says the same in words: "Using both motors frequently or carrying a passenger will generally consume more battery power."

Easy pedaling still pays at low speed. At 12 mph a light effort cuts the pack's draw by nearly half:

The 832 Wh pack, a 180 lb rider on level ground. Easy is 75 W at the cranks and steady 150 W; a dash marks a speed where the modeled 36/18 gear would have your legs spinning faster than riders were measured choosing (the gear section).

At 12 mph the rear wheel needs 124.4 W to hold the pace (Martin et al., 1998). With 75 W from your legs, the two motors fill the gap on 8.5 Wh a mile, which stretches the pack to 98 miles; at 150 W your legs hold 12 mph unaided ("legs alone").

Unpowered, that equation moves 180 lb of rider plus the 82 lb bike at roughly 9 mph on 75 W and roughly 13 mph on 150 W.

Which gear saves battery?

There is only one: Eunorau's record for the AWD names a "36T chain-wheel crank", its spec rows print "Cassette 44T / 36T", and the model pairs that chainring with the 18-tooth freewheel the FLASH LITE ST prints. One turn of the cranks then rolls the bike 3.83 meters, and holding 12 mph takes 84 pedal strokes a minute.

On level ground at 12 mph the pack pays 15.3 Wh a mile on the throttle alone and 8.5 once you pedal lightly.

Energy per mile from the 832 Wh pack with a 180 lb rider in still air, your effort counted at the cranks. At 150 W your legs carry 12 mph on the flat and the motors rest.

Pedal cadence on the modeled 36/18 gear at each road speed, on the nominal 20 × 4.0 wheel. Pedaling rows on this page end at 100 rpm, the top of the band trained riders kept in Marsh and Martin (1997).

Those trained riders "maintained PC between 90 and 100 rpm at all power outputs", while the less-trained group "reduced cadence from approximately 80 rpm at 75 W to 65 rpm at 175 W" (Marsh and Martin, 1997). Here 80 strokes a minute means 11.4 mph and 100 means 14.3 mph.

Pedal hard off the line and up to about 14 mph, then hand the pace to the throttle. Eunorau's FAQ for the AWD lists "stronger acceleration, improved climbing support, and better traction" as what the dual motors add.

How much do hills cost, and how steep a hill can it climb?

On the throttle at 10 mph, every 1,000 feet of rise draws about 121 Wh from the pack on a 4% grade and about 139 Wh on a 10% grade, beyond the energy the same miles would take on the flat. Lifting 180 lb of rider and the 82 lb bike 1,000 feet takes about 99 Wh at the wheels; the motors and pack shed the remainder as heat.

The 832 Wh pack with a 180 lb rider holding 10 mph on each grade in still air. At 10 mph the modeled gear turns the pedals at 70 strokes a minute, within the band riders choose, so every grade has an easy-effort figure.

When a grade outruns the motors, the model's speed falls rather than stopping. The fastest steady speed each grade allows on the throttle:

Throttle only in still air, the 82 lb bike plus the load in each column. Every figure is the fastest pace the two modeled motors, each limited to Eunorau's 92 N·m, can sustain on that grade.

This is where the second motor earns its keep: up a 12% street the model holds 17.7 mph with 180 lb aboard and 10.8 mph with the full 440 lb. The FLASH LITE 2.0 on one of these hubs holds 13.9 mph up 8% with 180 lb, where the AWD holds 18.4 mph (our FLASH LITE 2.0 model).

Does my weight change the range?

Yes: at 12 mph on the throttle, 180 lb of rider and cargo gets 54 miles from a charge, 260 lb gets 48 and the full 440 lb gets 39.

Weight shows most on a climb. At 10 mph up 8% the model carries 130 lb for 15 miles on a charge, and even the full 440 lb holds 14.8 mph on that grade in the climb table.

Eunorau prints the bike as 82 to 92 lb, and the model carries the 82 lb figure; an extra 10 lb on the bike costs the same as an extra 10 lb on the rider, so read the weight table 10 lb heavier for the top of that range.

Rider and cargo on the 82 lb bike with the 832 Wh pack in still air. A "past the model's motor" cell would mark a load the two motors cannot hold at 10 mph on 8%.

Does cold weather drain the battery?

Somewhat: the 54-mile ride at 12 mph falls to about 44 at 32 °F and about 40 at 14 °F. At 32 °F the cells hold about 89% of their 77 °F energy, the air is 9% denser and the tires roll 18% harder (Rothhämel, 2023).

12 mph on the throttle, 180 lb aboard, flat pavement, the 832 Wh pack. The center column uses the LG HG2 cell McMaster University measured, held at air temperature; at 32 °F and 14 °F each bracket spans the other published cell data (Limitations).

Do the tires cut range?

By less than speed does: over the fat tires Bicycle Rolling Resistance measured on its drum, the 12 mph ride runs from 50 to 63 miles, with 54 at the median. No drum result for the CST 20 × 4.0 was found, so the model takes the median of the ten fat tires the lab rolled, bracketed by the fastest and slowest; every one of the ten is a larger 26 × 4.00.

Flat pavement, 180 lb aboard on the throttle, the 832 Wh pack. The lab rolled each 26 × 4.00 tire at 12 psi carrying 42.5 kg at 29 km/h; the first column converts each measured wattage to its rolling resistance.

Eunorau's 65, 135 and 220 miles, as rides

For the AWD Eunorau prints the same "Up to 65 Miles (135 Miles Dual Battery | 220 Miles Triple Battery)" as for the one-motor FLASH LITE 2.0 (Eunorau's page).

With both motors on the throttle, the model reaches those distances for a 180 lb rider on flat ground in still air only at a steady 8.7 mph on the standard pack, 10.8 mph with the 21 Ah second pack (1,924 Wh) and 8.6 mph with all three (2,808 Wh).

The page's own copy says the 220 miles is reached "on pedal assist 1", the first of its assist levels, and Eunorau's FAQ for the bike adds that range "varies depending on motor use, assist level, rider and passenger weight, terrain, speed, temperature, tire pressure, and riding style". A slow, steady pace and your own legs are how a rider gets near those figures.

On the standard pack, 54 miles at 12 mph is the flat, solo number. Keep 15% back and plan on 85% of your row: 54 miles at 12 mph plan as 46, and 38 at 18 mph as 32.

How the range tables are computed

Each row begins with the power the wheels need at one steady speed, from the road-power equation Martin and colleagues validated against on-road measurements in 1998:

Wheel power = v × [ m × g × (Crr × cos θ + sin θ) + ½ × ρ × CdA × v² ]

Here v is speed; m is rider, cargo and bike; g is gravity; θ is the grade's angle; Crr is rolling resistance, so 0.0105 means a drag of 1.05% of the weight on the tires (the drum median); ρ is air density; and CdA is the rider-and-bike drag area.

Four steps take the wheel power back to the cells:

1. Your pedaling reaches the rear wheel through the chain at 97.7% (Martin et al., 1998), and the two hub motors cover what remains.
2. Each motor follows a hub with published figures, Bafang's RM G0H0: 510 rpm unloaded, 426 rpm at the rated point, "≥ 80" percent efficient. The model sets that curve at 52 V and 750 W for each hub, lets the two split the torque equally, fits the unloaded speed at 20.9 mph so a 180 lb rider on the throttle tops out at Eunorau's 20 mph, and caps each hub at Eunorau's 92 N·m.
3. The pack loses a little inside itself; on the 48 V pack Arango, Lopez and Ceren measured, that loss is 3.1% at 12 mph on the throttle.
4. Watt-hours a mile are the cells' watts over the speed, and miles are the 832 Wh, reduced for cold, over the watt-hours a mile.

Worked through: 180 lb aboard, both motors on the throttle at 12 mph, flat pavement. The tires absorb 65.9 W and the air 58.5 W, so the rear wheel needs 124.4 W.

At 12 mph each 23.98-inch wheel turns 168.2 times a minute. Each modeled motor (1.697 N·m per amp, 0.475 Ω and 0.76 A with no load, all from Bafang's published figures at 52 V) carries half the load, and together they give 7.1 N·m on 5.7 A, 70% efficient at this light a load.

Together the motors draw 177.6 W; with the pack's own losses added, the cells supply 183.3 W: 15.3 Wh a mile. Unrounded that is 15.27, and 832 ÷ 15.27 gives 54.5 miles, or 46.3 with 15% held back.

The model against the figures it was built from:

The checks: Appendix I of Martin and colleagues (90 kg on a 0.3% grade at 8.36 m/s), the RM G0H0's rated point in Bafang's workbook, and the two-motor arithmetic the model's selftest confirms.

What the 440 lb payload covers

Eunorau rates the FLASH AWD 1.0 for 440 lb of total payload, and its towing and payload guide draws the line this way: "Payload covers the rider and anything carried on the bike itself." You, your passenger and your cargo all count toward the 440 lb; the bike's own 82 to 92 lb sits outside it.

Eunorau sells the bench as a "Two-Person Plush Saddle" and writes, of the pair of motors, "Two riders, one e-bike: with the dual 52V750W motor, the extra weight of a passenger is no problem." Its FAQ adds: "Always stay within the bike's specified payload limit and use the appropriate passenger equipment."

A 200 lb rider and a 150 lb passenger make 350 lb, leaving 90 lb of the rating for bags. On the throttle at 12 mph the weight table gives that pair about 43 miles (the weight table), and with the full 440 lb aboard the model still climbs an 8% grade at 14.8 mph (the climb table).

The AWD outdoors, in a photograph Eunorau published on the bike's page: parked on grass in low sun, with the front hub visible at the front axle. Eunorau does not name the place.

Your state decides whether a passenger may ride, and the 440 lb has to cover you both. California, for one, puts a passenger "upon or astride a separate seat attached thereto", and a child "four years of age or younger, or weighs 40 pounds or less" needs a seat that holds them in and guards them from the moving parts (Cal. Veh. Code § 21204(b)).

Will the FLASH AWD 1.0 fit you?

Eunorau's rider window for the AWD runs from 5'2" to 6'4", and its geometry rows give the two heights that decide a stop: the bench top at 33.1 inches and the top tube at 30.7.

Against the tube, 11 of 100 riders at 5'2" in the Army's ANSUR II survey have the barefoot inseam to stand over it flat-footed; 43 of 100 do at 5'4", and 99 of 100 at 5'8".

The bench asks more of a leg. Among the survey's riders, 78 of 100 at 5'10" and 34 of 100 at 5'8" reach the ground with both feet while seated astride it. A rider shorter than that can stop by sliding forward onto the tube, or by putting one foot down.

Every row pairs Eunorau's printed heights with 6,068 measured bodies, one row every two inches from 5'2" to 6'4". The window is Eunorau's statement of who the frame suits; the rows add where your feet would actually meet the road.

To check your own fit:

1. Take your inseam in socks, back to a wall, with a hardback book pulled up snug between your legs; the floor-to-spine distance is the number.
2. Look up your height, or the nearest row to it, in the bench table and the top-tube table. If your inseam beats your row's median, read the next row up.
3. Run the heel check in the setup section when the bike arrives, then pick your spot on the bench.

How high should the saddle go?

The rule used here puts the seat 109% of your inseam above the pedal axle, which lands the median rider at 25.5 inches from the crank axle at 5'2" and 34.3 inches at 6'4". The table also prints 106% and 110.4%, where published practice begins and ends (Ferrer-Roca et al., 2012), alongside the 109% from Peveler et al., 2005.

The crank-axle figure is the pedal-axle distance less the 170 mm crank Eunorau lists.

The median rider's crank-axle-to-seat-top distance at each height in the table, at 109%, 106% and 110.4% of inseam. Women and men of ANSUR II together; the inseam column spans the 5th to 95th percentile of each height.

Eunorau prints one seat height for the bench, "D: Seat height 840mm/33.1in" from the ground, with no adjustment range and no bracket height beneath it (the AWD's geometry rows). With no crank-axle height to measure from, the bench cannot be matched to a table row, and the heel check in the setup section decides it.

A bench does offer something a seatpost cannot: you choose where along it to sit. Eunorau's side view of the AWD shows the crank axle ahead of the bench's front edge, so sitting farther back puts more distance between hips and pedals and straightens the knee, while sitting forward does the reverse.

Can I put a foot down at a stop?

Seated astride the 33.1-inch bench, both feet reach the ground flat for 78 of 100 riders at 5'10", 34 of 100 at 5'8" and 10 of 100 at 5'6". Each height's barefoot inseam, set against Eunorau's printed seat height:

Each height's median barefoot inseam less the 33.1-inch printed seat height, beside how many riders in 100 reach it flat-footed while astride the bench. Every figure grows by the thickness of your soles.

The top tube in front of the bench sits lower, so at a light you can move forward and stand over its 30.7 inches. How many riders in 100 at each height clear it barefoot:

Riders per 100 at each height with a barefoot inseam of at least the "E: Stand-Over height 780mm/30.7in" Eunorau prints. A shoe sole adds its thickness to every rider.

At 5'4" and below, fewer than half the survey's riders stand over the tube with both feet flat, and the FLASH LITE ST is the lower frame at $1,614: one 750 W rear hub instead of two, over a 17.5-inch standover and a 31.5-inch bench, which Eunorau's launch post describes as "particularly friendly for shorter riders" (our FLASH LITE ST review).

Will I feel cramped, or stretched out?

The AWD's rows print a handlebar height of "108mm/42.5in" beside a 280 mm (11 in) reach; taking the 42.5 inches, which equals 1,080 mm, the bar stands about 9.4 inches above the bench top at 33.1 inches (Eunorau's geometry rows; the row's two figures are set side by side in the conflicts table).

Eunorau publishes no grip position relative to the bench, and the same frame's side photograph on the FLASH LITE 2.0 listing did not scale to one (Limitations), so no lean angle appears here. Your position on the bench is the adjustment: forward shortens the reach to the grips and backward lengthens it.

How much weight goes on my hands?

How much weight your hands carry depends on how far your trunk leans ahead of the bench, so a more upright seat unloads them; with no grip position published, the load is not computed here. As a reference point, ten road racers on the brake hoods carried 15% of their body weight on the stem (Carahalios, 2015).

If your palms go numb on a longer ride, move forward a little so the elbows soften and the chest rises. The weight of each body segment comes from Clauser et al., 1969, and among 36 experienced riders, padded gloves lowered pressure over the ulnar nerve by 10 to 28% (Slane et al., 2011).

How do I set the saddle when it arrives?

Sit on the bench, put one heel on the pedal at the bottom of its stroke, and look at that leg: straight or nearly so means the spot is right, and a clear bend means sit farther back.

Switch to the ball of your foot and the knee should now bend 25 to 35 degrees at the bottom (Peveler et al., 2007). The heel method put 70% of 19 trained riders inside that range, a better hit rate than either inseam formula (Peveler et al., 2005).

Make the spot the heel check picked your riding position, and move forward on the bench any time you want your feet nearer the ground.

How we computed fit

One rule sets every saddle row: 109% of inseam from the pedal axle, less the 170 mm crank for the crank-axle figure. For the two stop tables, each rider's barefoot inseam has Eunorau's bench height or top-tube height taken away.

For example, take a 5'8" rider at the survey's median inseam for that height, 32.6 inches. The pedal-axle figure is 35.6 inches and the crank-axle figure 28.9 after the crank comes off; the LeMond method, 88.3% of inseam, says 28.8. Astride the bench that rider is 0.5 inches from flat feet, and over the top tube there are 1.9 inches to spare.

Over all the survey's bodies, LeMond's 88.3% with the 170 mm crank added equals 109.0% of inseam at the pedal, close to the 109.2 ± 0.9% that Peveler and colleagues found in trained cyclists (Peveler et al., 2005).

The AWD prints the same seven geometry rows as the FLASH LITE 2.0, and that frame's square-on photograph, scaled by wheelbase or by seat height, matched no more than two further rows within 3.5%. No crank-axle height, seat angle, grip position, lean or hand load is therefore measured for this bike (Limitations).

The Mercer fit test

Every machine we review meets one family, the Mercers, and each verdict below rests on a figure Eunorau prints or on the fit model's figure for that height.

The inputs: the 5'2"–6'4" window, the 33.1-inch bench and 30.7-inch top tube, the 440 lb payload, the 82–92 lb weight, and the law in the next section.

Frank, Cole and Jack will mostly sit astride the bench with both feet flat at a light. Ruth, Maya and Dana are at heights where most riders in the survey clear the tube but not the bench, so they stop by sliding forward onto the tube; a Ruth whose inseam runs under her row's median belongs on the FLASH LITE ST and its 17.5-inch standover. Start every rider on the heel check in the setup section.

What the law calls it: two 750 W motors, a throttle and 20 mph

Screened against the e-bike definitions of all 51 jurisdictions on September 30, 2026, the AWD's answer turns on how its two motors are counted. One motor at a time, its printed 750 W, throttle and 20 mph fall inside 27 definitions, and 28 from October 1; counted as one 1,500 W system, they fall inside 3.

Eunorau prints both counts on the same page: "Dual 52V750W Hub Motor" in the spec rows and "AWD 1500W" in the highlights (Eunorau's page), so read your own state's definition with both in mind.

Counted per motor, the word before the wattage does most of the sorting. "Not more than" 750 watts admits a 750 W hub and "less than" 750 watts leaves it out, and twenty jurisdictions wrote the exclusive word through September 30.

New Jersey's definition lets the motor help only while the rider pedals, so a throttle is out, and Alaska and Kentucky define no electric bicycle at all. On October 1, 2026 Connecticut's "fewer than seven hundred fifty watts" becomes "not more than" (P.A. 26-24 § 26), and the per-motor count rises to 28.

Where one 750 W motor with a throttle at 20 mph falls outside the definition on September 30, 2026: 21 jurisdictions, each in its statute's own words from our 51-jurisdiction rule table, with Connecticut's two dates in its row. Pennsylvania's system rating is covered below.

Pennsylvania is the one the per-motor count leaves out on its own terms. Its definition covers a vehicle "manufactured or assembled with an electric motor system rated at not more than 750 watts" (75 Pa.C.S. § 102), and Eunorau rates the AWD's system "AWD 1500W", so this screen counts Pennsylvania outside on both readings.

Counted as one 1,500 W system, the AWD fits only the three definitions that set no wattage. The District of Columbia asks for "A motor incapable of propelling the device at a speed of more than 20 miles per hour on level ground" (D.C. Code § 50-2201.02(11A)). Montana's motor must move "a rider who weighs 170 pounds no faster than 20 miles an hour on a paved, level surface" (MCA § 61-8-102(7)).

Oregon's definition, as amended in 2024, asks for "an electric motor" within one of its three classes and names no wattage (ORS 801.258).

The District's definition also wants "a post mounted seat or saddle for each person that the device is designed and equipped to carry", and how that reads on a two-person bench is the District's call (§ 50-2201.02(11A)). Of the other jurisdictions with a definition, New Jersey rules out the throttle and every one of the rest caps the motor below 1,500 W.

A bike outside a state's definition is governed as the other vehicle that state's code names, and the statute linked in each row of the table above is where to find which one. Our state guide links the page for every state.

In a three-class state, a throttle that moves the bike on its own and stops at 20 mph fits the Class 2 description. Oregon puts it as a bicycle that "May be propelled by its motor without a rider pedaling" and "Ceases to provide assistance once the bicycle reaches a speed of 20 miles per hour" (ORS 801.258(2)).

What the "Class 3" highlight means here

The AWD's highlights label it "Class 3" and "Speed limited", while its spec rows print "Maximum Speed 20 MPH" beside a thumb throttle and "0~5 level pedal assist". In Oregon's wording a Class 3 bicycle "Provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling" and "Ceases to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches the speed of 28 miles per hour" (ORS 801.258(3)).

This review screens the AWD at the 20 mph its spec rows print, with the throttle. Throttle assistance beyond 20 mph falls outside the Class 2 wording, so read your state's definition before any setting changes.

Charging and battery care

The AWD ships with a "US standard 4.0 A smart charger", and a 16 Ah pack at 4 A is 4 hours of full current before the charger eases off near the top. Most of your rides ask far less: 20 miles at 12 mph with both motors on the throttle draws about 310 Wh from the cells (the speed table), a little over a third of the standard pack.

All three packs together hold 2,808 Wh (Eunorau's battery row), so you buy a second or third pack for your long days rather than the daily run.

Eunorau's general FAQ asks you to recharge with 10 to 15% left and to store a pack you will not use for over two weeks "in a cool, dry place with a 70%-80% charge remaining". It expects its batteries to "typically last 5-6 years" and to "still deliver more than 80% of their original capacity after 500 charge cycles".

Where Eunorau prints a figure two ways

The FLASH AWD 1.0 is described on its product page, in its product record, in the listings for the extra packs and in Eunorau's FAQs. Where two of those read differently, the last column gives the figure this review uses.

The page and record were read on September 26 and September 30, 2026, unchanged between the two; the pack listings, the FAQs and the warranty policy on September 30.

Has it been recalled?

No federal recall names Eunorau or the FLASH AWD. On September 30, 2026 we queried the CPSC's recall database for "Eunorau" and for "FLASH AWD" in three fields, the recall title, description and product name, and each field answered a control query with records in that same run. None of the 51 recalls whose titles name an electric bicycle, an e-bike or an electric scooter is Eunorau's either.

The same afternoon we read every one of the 373 rows in the CPSC's product safety warning listing: the control brand matched two, and Eunorau and the FLASH AWD matched none.

Is it UL certified?

Eunorau's FLASH AWD 1.0 page lists "UL CERTIFIED: Yes" among its highlights. A mark like that rests on UL 2849, the standard for an e-bike's whole electrical system, and UL 2271, the standard for its battery pack. Need the certificate for a landlord, a building or an insurer? Note it on your order and we will request it from Eunorau.

Warranty, and who handles a claim

Read on September 30, 2026, Eunorau's warranty policy gives each part its own term:

Eunorau Bikes, which the policy calls "a Nevada corporation", backs purchases made in the US from August 1, 2023 against manufacturing defects in the parts it fitted (the policy).

The same policy sets three conditions: "You are the original purchaser", "Product Registration right after the purchase", and an "E-bike check-up by a Eunorau specialist or dealer after the first year of use". Labor and wear parts sit outside it, and our Eunorau brand profile compares these terms across the range.

Order your FLASH AWD 1.0 from us and we run any warranty claim. Send us a photo and a sentence on what failed, and we deal with Eunorau until the replacement part is at your door.

Buying it from us

The value case in numbers. Our listing on September 30, 2026 broke the $2,099 into 12 payments of $189.45, 6 of $365.30 or 3 of $717.23, all at 15% APR.*

*Rates from 0-36% APR. Payment options through Shop Pay Installments are subject to an eligibility check and are provided by these lending partners: affirm.com/lenders. Options depend on your purchase amount, and a down payment may be required. State notices to consumers: affirm.com/licenses.

Torn between the AWD and one of the other FLASH models? Send us your height, inseam, state, what you carry and the steepest street you ride at support@redtailebikes.com, and we will give you a straight answer on which one fits.

The honest ledger

Green flags

• A hub motor in each wheel at 92 N·m apiece: the model holds 18.4 mph up an 8% street with 180 lb aboard and 14.8 mph with the full 440 lb (the climb table).
• An 832 Wh pack and two more bays: about 54 miles at 12 mph with both motors on the throttle for a 180 lb rider, and 2,808 Wh when all three are fitted (the range tables).
• An 80 mm EXSHO STRONG-DH fork up front, adjustable for compression and lockable (the parts section).
• Hydraulic discs on 180 mm rotors at both ends, and a motor cutoff at each lever (the parts section).
• 440 lb for you, a passenger and your cargo on a bench sold as a two-seater (the payload section).
• A sunlight-readable BC281 display with a push mode, and a 4.0 A charger (the parts section, charging).
• Eunorau's own $1,784 on November 3, 2026, in either color (buying from us).

Red flags: where it is the wrong bike, and what to do

• You are under about 5'5" and want both feet flat at every light: the FLASH LITE ST steps through at 17.5 inches on one 750 W hub (our FLASH LITE ST review); or check the stop tables for your height.
• Your rides are mostly flat and you want the most miles a charge: the FLASH LITE 2.0 is this frame on one rear hub and goes about 61 miles at 12 mph, for $1,614 (our FLASH LITE 2.0 review).
• Your state says "less than" 750 watts, or reads two motors together: a single 500 W motor sits under that line; the META20 is a $1,529 folding 20-inch on 500 W (our META20 review), and your state's page in our state guide has the rest.
• You want gears and rear suspension for rough trails: the FLASH 2.0 pairs a mid-drive with eight speeds (our FLASH 2.0 review), and Eunorau's FAQ sends rough-trail riders its way.
• You want two driven wheels with gears and an adjustable saddle: the FAT-AWD 2.0 runs a 500 W hub in each wheel on 26 × 4.0 tires with seven speeds and a saddle that sets 31.5 to 39.0 inches off the ground, from $1,699 (Eunorau's FAT-AWD 2.0 page; our FAT-AWD 2.0 review).
• You ride trails and want gears and a rear shock with two hubs: the DEFENDER-S 2.0 pairs two 750 W hubs with nine speeds and an air shock on a four-bar frame (our DEFENDER-S 2.0 review).
• A small child rides with you: Eunorau's long-tail MAX-CARGO is built around that; our MAX-CARGO review covers its child seats and each state's rules on carrying children.

Who should buy it

Buy the FLASH AWD 1.0 if you want a moped-style bike with a motor in each wheel for hills, a passenger or loose ground, a throttle to 20 mph, an 80 mm fork, room for 440 lb and two more packs, and a state whose definition takes in its motors, for $1,784.

Choose the FLASH LITE 2.0 instead if your miles are flat and range counts for more than climbing, the FLASH LITE ST if your inseam falls short of the 30.7-inch tube, and the FLASH 2.0 if gears and rear suspension are worth $400 more.

Pass on all three if your state bounds the motor at "less than 750 watts" and you want to ride as an e-bike there: our META20 review covers a 500 W bike.

Before you buy: the checklist

Eight checks: four to confirm the FLASH AWD 1.0 is your bike, four to get the order and the first week right.

• ☐ Read your state's e-bike definition for two things: whether it says "less than" or "not more than" 750 watts, and how it counts two motors; start at our state guide.
• ☐ Measure your inseam in socks and find your rows in the stop tables: feet flat astride the 33.1-inch bench, or standing over the 30.7-inch top tube.
• ☐ Total rider, passenger and cargo against the 440 lb; the bike's own 82 to 92 lb is not part of it.
• ☐ Measure your parking space and route for a bike up to 92 lb and 68.5 inches long, and plan a ramp for any steps.
• ☐ Work out your longest ride at 12 mph on the throttle; for a 180 lb rider on the flat, the standard pack plans 46 miles.
• ☐ From empty, the 4.0 A charger needs about 4 hours of full current, so charge on arrival before the first long ride.
• ☐ On day one, sit where the heel check leaves your knee just short of straight at the bottom of the stroke.
• ☐ Look the box over while the driver is there, and send us photos within 48 hours of any damage.

Limitations of this review

Twenty-one limits on this review, numbered and tied to the section each one qualifies.

1. The FLASH AWD 1.0's specifications are Eunorau's figures from its page, record, FAQs and pack listings, recomputed wherever arithmetic enters. The range and fit models, the two jurisdiction screens and our store terms are ours, each explained below.
2. Every range row is one steady speed on one grade in still air. Starts, stops and headwinds cost more, and town rides stop often; a tailwind costs less.
3. Eunorau prints the top speed, the class label, the drivetrain's teeth, which bay holds which pack, the handlebar height and the warranty more than one way (the conflicts table); the review uses the figure named there.
4. The AWD's page and record print a 4.0 A charger and no charge time, so the charging section gives our arithmetic from the 16 Ah pack and the 4.0 A charger, leaving out the charger's slowdown near full.
5. The screens set the printed 750 W per motor, the 1,500 W combined, the throttle and the 20 mph beside each definition as our rule table and the statutes stood on September 30, 2026, with Connecticut's amendment of October 1 applied from that date. They read the motor, speed and throttle limbs of each definition, leave age, helmet, seat and passenger rules to each state, and are not legal advice.
6. A word search of the 51 definitions we hold, for wording on more than one motor ("motor system", "motors", "combined", "one or more", "total", "aggregate"), found only Pennsylvania's "electric motor system", so the law section prints both readings rather than choosing one; a search for words is a floor, not a reading of every clause.
7. The screens read the bike at the spec rows' 20 mph with the throttle. The "Class 3" label in the highlights and the record's 28 MPH are not screened.
8. The recall screens ran on September 30, 2026 on the three CPSC database fields named in the recalls section, each shown working by a control query. A search of recall titles is a floor, not the whole database, since a recall titled by a brand name alone escapes it; the warning listing's 373 rows were read the same day.
9. Our price, orderability and Shop Pay terms come from our own listing; the payments are its plan table for $2,099 at 15% APR, read September 30, 2026.
10. The motor model is a comparable, not a measurement of these motors. Eunorau prints 52 V, 750 W and 92 N·m for each hub; the curve is Bafang's RM G0H0 hub, one per wheel, with the unloaded speed fitted so a 180 lb rider reaches Eunorau's 20 mph and no faster.
11. The model runs both hubs at every speed and splits the torque between them equally. Eunorau's FAQ speaks of "Using both motors frequently", and its pages do not say how a rider chooses one motor or two, so no one-motor column is modeled for this bike; the one-hub figures quoted come from our FLASH LITE 2.0 model.
12. The model's gear is the FLASH LITE ST's printed 36T chainring and 18T freewheel, since the AWD's rows read "Cassette 44T / 36T" and its record "SPROCKET: 36T chain-wheel crank"; the cadence rows and the easy-effort columns rest on that pairing.
13. No drum or road measurement of the CST 20 × 4.0 was found, so the model uses the median of ten 26 × 4.00 fat tires on Bicycle Rolling Resistance's drum, bracketed by the slowest and the fastest of the ten.
14. The model's wheel is the nominal 20 × 4.0 diameter, 23.98 inches, and its drag area the upright cruiser figure of 37 everyday riders; a loaded fat tire rolls slightly smaller, and no field measurement of a moped-style bike with a bench was found.
15. The cold rows use McMaster's measured LG HG2 cell as the central line, bracketed by Samsung's 35E data sheet and Casado et al., 2025; the record names "LG+" cells without naming the cell model.
16. No ride of the FLASH AWD 1.0 to empty, with its speed and load stated, was found in print, so the chain from wheel to pack is checked link by link against its sources, with no whole-ride figure to test it against.
17. The model carries the 82 lb end of Eunorau's 82 to 92 lb, and the pack columns leave out each added pack's weight, 13.9 lb for the 21 Ah and 10.5 lb for the 17 Ah on Eunorau's listings; the weight table prices the difference as extra rider weight.
18. The two-pack column uses the 21 Ah top-tube pack, the second in Eunorau's spec rows; the three-pack figure is the maker's 220 miles mapped to a ride, not a column of its own.
19. The fit tables use the bodies of US Army personnel. ANSUR II measured 6,068 soldiers aged 17 to 58 in 2010 to 2012; how inseam varies at a given height should carry over to civilians, while the exact spread may not.
20. The fit is the formula and Eunorau's two printed heights. The AWD's seven geometry rows equal the FLASH LITE 2.0's, whose square-on studio photograph, scaled axle to axle or by the seat height, reproduces at most two other rows within 3.5%, so no crank-axle height, seat angle, grip position, lean or hand load is measured, and Eunorau's rows print none of them.
21. Eunorau prints one seat height, 33.1 inches, and no adjustment range for the bench, so the fit section reads the bench at that height; treat the saddle formula as a first setting, since among 19 trained cyclists the inseam formulas put 55 to 65% inside the 25 to 35 degree knee range and the heel check 70% (Peveler et al., 2005). The payload section quotes California's statute as one example. Expiry: re-verify if Eunorau changes a motor, a pack, the speed, the payload, the rider window, the seat height, the geometry or the pack listings, if our price moves, or if any state's definition changes.

The source register

What the review rests on, by tier and by use: Eunorau's page, record, FAQs, pack listings and policy, the statutes, the CPSC's lists, the published measurements under both models, and our own datasets.

Frequently asked questions

Is the Eunorau FLASH AWD 1.0 worth it?

For $2,099 you get a 750 W hub in each wheel, an 80 mm fork, hydraulic brakes, a 440 lb rating and two spare battery bays; with both motors on the throttle a 180 lb rider covers about 54 miles at 12 mph and climbs an 8% grade at 18.4 mph. If your rides are flat, the one-motor FLASH LITE 2.0 goes farther on a charge for $1,899 (the family table).

How fast does the Eunorau FLASH AWD 1.0 go?

The spec rows print a maximum speed of 20 mph, and the product record's description prints 28 MPH; the conflicts table sets out both. In the model, your throttle carries a 180 lb rider on the flat to the printed 20 mph, and up an 8% grade the two motors hold 18.4 mph (the climb table).

Are dual motor e-bikes legal?

It depends on how your state counts the motors: on September 30, 2026 the AWD's printed figures fit 27 of 51 jurisdictions' definitions counted per motor, and 28 from October 1, but only 3 counted as one 1,500 W system. Pennsylvania rates the whole "electric motor system", and the law section quotes each definition so you can read your own state's.

What class is a 1500 W e-bike?

Forty-four states write a 750-watt line into the e-bike definition, so a 1,500 W motor is past it in every one of them. Rhode Island's cap is "two (2) (S.A.E.) horsepower", which a 1,500 W motor also passes.

The District of Columbia, Montana and Oregon set no wattage and turn on speed instead, New Jersey leaves a throttle out, and if you ride in Oregon, a throttle that stops at 20 mph matches its Class 2 wording (the law section).

Is a 1500 W e-bike legal in California?

If you ride in California, its definition asks for "an electric motor that does not exceed 750 watts of power": each 750 W hub is within those words, and the pair at 1,500 W is not. Cal. Veh. Code § 312.5(a) is the definition, our screen counts California inside per motor and outside combined, and a bike outside it falls under whichever other vehicle California's code names (the law section).

How does a dual motor e-bike work?

On the AWD, one 750 W hub motor sits in the front wheel and one in the rear, and both pull when you use the throttle or the pedal assist. Eunorau's FAQ credits the pair with "stronger acceleration, improved climbing support, and better traction", and in the model each carries half the load (the drive section).

Are dual motor e-bikes faster?

You will not go faster on the flat: the AWD tops out at the same printed 20 mph as the one-motor FLASH LITE 2.0. The difference shows on hills, where the model holds 18.4 mph up an 8% grade with 180 lb aboard against 13.9 for one hub. At a 12 mph cruise the second motor costs range, 54 miles against 61 (the climb table).

How far can the FLASH AWD 1.0 go on one charge?

About 54 miles at 12 mph with both motors on the throttle for a 180 lb rider on flat pavement, and about 38 at 18 mph, on the standard 832 Wh pack. Plan on 46 at 12 mph with 15% held back; with the 21 Ah second pack fitted, the 12 mph plan grows to 107 miles (the speed table).

Can it really go 220 miles?

With all three packs, 2,808 Wh, the model reaches Eunorau's 220 miles at a steady 8.6 mph on the throttle for a 180 lb rider on the flat. Eunorau's page ties the figure to "pedal assist 1" with all three batteries on board, and the standard pack alone plans 46 miles at 12 mph (the maker's figures, as rides).

Can you ride an e-bike in the snow?

Eunorau's FLASH LITE 2.0 FAQ points riders who "Frequently ride on sand, snow, or steep grades and need more traction" to this AWD. Cold costs you range: the model's 54 miles at 12 mph falls to about 44 at 32 °F and about 40 at 14 °F (the cold table).

Which e-bike is best for hills?

On the throttle the AWD's second motor matters most on steep streets: 17.7 mph up a 12% grade with 180 lb aboard, against 10.5 mph for the one-hub FLASH LITE 2.0 on the same frame, and 10.8 mph with the full 440 lb. If you would rather pedal the long climbs, the eight-speed FLASH 2.0 gives your legs gears to work with (the climb table).

How much does the Eunorau FLASH AWD 1.0 weigh?

Eunorau lists 82 to 92 lb. Your 440 lb payload is on top of that, and the weight table prices your range at every load from 100 lb to 440 (the weight table).

Do fat tire e-bikes have gears?

This one has a single speed: the model reads a 36-tooth chainring on an 18-tooth freewheel, which suits your pedaling up to about 14 mph. If you want gears, the FLASH 2.0 and the FAT-AWD 2.0 have eight and seven speeds (the gear section).

What size fat tire bike do I need?

Eunorau fits the AWD to riders from 5'2" to 6'4", and your inseam decides the stops: at 5'4" 43 of 100 riders in the Army's survey clear its 30.7-inch top tube barefoot, at 5'8" 99 of 100. Below that, the FLASH LITE ST's 17.5-inch standover is the lower frame (the stop tables).

Can two people ride the FLASH AWD 1.0?

The bench is sold as a "Two-Person Plush Saddle", and Eunorau's FAQ says it is "designed to accommodate a rider and a passenger" within the 440 lb payload. Whether a passenger may ride is your state's rule; California's § 21204(b), for one, requires "a separate seat attached thereto" (the payload section).

Are moped-style e-bikes legal?

A moped-style e-bike rides under your state's e-bike rules when it fits your state's definition, however it looks. The definition turns on the motor, the speed and how the assist works, and for the AWD it also turns on whether your state counts two motors together (the law section).

What is the difference between a moped and an electric bike?

Each state draws the line in its own code: an electric bicycle keeps working pedals and stays within the definition's motor and speed limits, and a machine outside them falls under whichever other vehicle the code names. For your AWD, the law table lists the 21 jurisdictions whose definitions leave out one 750 W hub with a throttle on September 30, 2026.

Are Eunorau bikes good?

Eunorau names its parts and publishes its terms, so you can check each one: on the AWD, an EXSHO STRONG-DH fork, CST tires, hydraulic brakes on 180 mm rotors, a BC281 display, a 10-year frame warranty and a "UL CERTIFIED: Yes" mark. Our Eunorau brand profile covers the whole range.

Where are Eunorau bikes made?

Eunorau's FAQ says its bikes are "designed in the U.S. and manufactured in Shanghai", where its team is "overseeing quality control and inspecting every bike before it is shipped to our customers".

The bottom line

The Eunorau FLASH AWD 1.0 is a $2,099 moped-style step-over with a 750 W hub in each wheel, one gear, an 80 mm fork and hydraulic brakes, rated to 440 lb, with an 832 Wh pack and bays for two more: inside 27 of 51 jurisdictions' e-bike definitions counted per motor, 28 from October 1, 2026, and 3 counted as one 1,500 W system.

With both motors on the throttle a 180 lb rider covers about 54 miles at 12 mph, 38 at 18, and 39 at 12 mph with the full 440 lb aboard, and holds 18.4 mph up an 8% grade.

Buy it for climbing, a passenger behind you, loose ground and a range you can extend with more packs, for riders from 5'2" to 6'4", the window Eunorau prints. If your rides are flat, read our FLASH LITE 2.0 review first.

References

Every document behind the figures and rules on this page, numbered in the order the page first leans on it, with its publisher, title, the part cited and the date we read it.

1. Eunorau. FLASH AWD 1.0 — product page and product record: highlights, specification and geometry rows, the feature copy, the product FAQ and the studio and outdoor gallery. eunorau-ebike.com/products/flash-awd-1-0; product record flash-awd-1-0.json. Retrieved September 26, 2026 and re-read September 30, 2026 with no change to any row; deposit copies archived.
2. Eunorau. FLASH LITE 2.0 product page and record: the same frame's rows, and its product FAQ's triage between the FLASH AWD, the FLASH LITE 2.0 and the FLASH 2.0. eunorau-ebike.com/products/flash-lite-2-0. Retrieved September 26, 2026 and re-read September 30, 2026 with no change; deposit copies archived.
3. Eunorau. FLASH LITE ST product page and record: the step-through's frame, rider window, "Freewheel 18T" and "Crankset 36T Chainring" rows. eunorau-ebike.com/products/flash-lite-st. Retrieved September 26, 2026 and re-read September 30, 2026 with no change; deposit copies archived.
4. Eunorau. Introducing the New Eunorau FLASH LITE ST (blog post, November 21, 2025): the step-through "particularly friendly for shorter riders". eunorau-ebike.com/blogs/news. Retrieved September 30, 2026; deposit copy archived.
5. Eunorau. FLASH 2.0 product page and record: the frame, motor, drivetrain, geometry and rider-height rows, and the price. flash-2. Retrieved September 26, 2026 and re-read September 30, 2026 with no change; deposit copies archived.
6. Eunorau. Hunting Ebike Trailer Guide: How Much Gear Can You Tow (blog post, May 31, 2026): "Payload covers the rider and anything carried on the bike itself." eunorau-ebike.com/blogs/news. Retrieved September 24, 2026; deposit copy archived.
7. California Legislative Information. Cal. Veh. Code § 21204, subsection (b). leginfo.legislature.ca.gov. Read September 30, 2026 through a text proxy of the code page; deposit copy archived. Amended by Stats. 2009, Ch. 594 (SB 527), effective January 1, 2010.
8. California Legislative Information. Cal. Veh. Code §§ 21212 and 21213, subsections (a): the helmet rule for riders under 18 and the Class 3 age limit. § 21212; § 21213. Read September 30, 2026 through a text proxy of the code pages; deposit copies archived. § 21213 added by Stats. 2015, Ch. 568 (AB 1096), effective January 1, 2016.
9. Connecticut General Assembly. Public Act 26-24, § 26, amending C.G.S. § 14-1 so that an electric bicycle's motor is "not more than" 750 watts, effective October 1, 2026. cga.ct.gov. Read August 30, 2026; deposit copy archived.
10. The state legislatures of Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona, Connecticut, Florida, Idaho, Illinois, Kansas, Louisiana, Maine, Missouri, Mississippi, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, West Virginia and Wyoming. Each state's electric-bicycle definition, at the section linked in this page's law table, with its own boundary word for the motor or, for New Jersey, its assist rule. Read for the boundary-word census of September 24, 2026 and re-screened September 30, 2026.
11. Alaska State Legislature. AS 28.90.990(a)(20)-(22). akleg.gov. Retrieved September 26, 2026. No electric-bicycle definition.
12. Kentucky Legislature. KRS 189.010. apps.legislature.ky.gov. Retrieved September 26, 2026. No electric-bicycle definition.
13. Pennsylvania General Assembly. 75 Pa.C.S. § 102, the definition of a "Pedalcycle with electric assist": "an electric motor system rated at not more than 750 watts". palegis.us. Read for the boundary-word census of September 24, 2026; deposit copy archived.
14. Council of the District of Columbia. D.C. Code § 50-2201.02(11A), the motorized-bicycle definition: the seat, wheel, pedal and 20 mph motor limbs. code.dccouncil.gov. Read for the census of September 24, 2026; deposit copy archived.
15. Montana Legislature. MCA § 61-8-102(7), the electrically assisted bicycle: a motor moving "a rider who weighs 170 pounds no faster than 20 miles an hour on a paved, level surface". mca.legmt.gov. All Title 61 sections read September 23, 2026; deposit archived.
16. Oregon Legislature. ORS 801.258, the three classes of electric assisted bicycle and its definition "equipped with an electric motor", as amended by 2024 c.12 § 1. oregonlegislature.gov. Read for the census of September 24, 2026; deposit copy archived.
17. Redtail eBikes editorial desk. The 51-jurisdiction rule table, its boundary-word census, and the two FLASH AWD 1.0 screens. Every US state and DC, each row carrying its statutory citation and each wattage read with the statute's own word; screened September 30, 2026 on the published throttle and 20 mph, once at 750 W per motor (inside 28 by the rule table, 27 with Pennsylvania's system rating applied, outside 21 by the table, no definition in Alaska and Kentucky; 28 inside from October 1, 2026 under reference 9) and once at 1,500 W combined (inside 3, outside 46). A word search of the 51 deposited definitions for multi-motor wording found it in Pennsylvania's alone. First-party datasets.
18. California Legislative Information. Cal. Veh. Code § 312.5, subsection (a): the definition's "an electric motor that does not exceed 750 watts of power". leginfo.legislature.ca.gov. Retrieved September 26, 2026.
19. Eunorau. EUNORAU EBIKES FAQ: battery life ("5-6 years"; "more than 80% of their original capacity after 500 charge cycles"), the 10-15% recharging and 70%-80% storage advice, and where the bikes are made. eunorau-ebike.com/pages/faqs. Retrieved September 26 and 30, 2026; deposit copies archived.
20. Eunorau. EUNORAU 52V21Ah Secondary Battery for FLASH Ebike ($699; 13.9 lb; "Down tube battery type"; application bike "Eunorau Flash") and EUNORAU 52V17Ah Third Battery for FLASH Ebike ($599; 10.5 lb; "Top tube battery type"), product pages and records, both sold as FLASH packs. 21 Ah; 17 Ah. Retrieved September 30, 2026; deposit copies archived.
21. U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission. SaferProducts recall database. saferproducts.gov/RestWebServices/Recall. Screened September 30, 2026 for "Eunorau" and "FLASH AWD" on the RecallTitle, RecallDescription and ProductName fields, each proved live by a control query, and for "Eunorau" across the 51 recalls whose titles carry one of eight electric-bicycle, e-bike or electric-scooter terms, unioned; screens archived.
22. U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission. Product safety warning listing (complete CSV). cpsc.gov. Read September 30, 2026: 373 warnings, 2 naming the control brand, none naming Eunorau or the FLASH AWD; deposit copy and screen archived.
23. UL Standards & Engagement (standards body; context only). UL 2849 and UL 2271. Retrieved August 29, 2026.
24. Eunorau Bikes. 24-Month+ Limited Warranty: coverage periods, requirements, exclusions and the issuing entity. eunorau-ebike.com/pages/warranty. Retrieved September 26 and 30, 2026; deposit copies archived.
25. Redtail eBikes. FLASH AWD 1.0 store record (redtailebikes.com/products/eunorau-flash-awd-1): the two colors, price, orderability and the Shop Pay plan table; the FLASH family, FAT-AWD 2.0, META20 and MAX-CARGO prices; and our shipping policy. Read September 30, 2026.
26. Affirm. Lending partners. affirm.com/lenders. The lenders behind Shop Pay's installment plans, named in Shopify's installment terms.
27. Bafang. Workbook OEM 2021, MOTORS table, RM G0H0 column: rated voltage, n0, nT, maximum torque and efficiency. bafang-e.com. Retrieved September 23, 2026; deposit copy archived.
28. Martin, J. C., Milliken, D. L., Cobb, J. E., McFadden, K. L. and Coggan, A. R. Validation of a Mathematical Model for Road Cycling Power. Journal of Applied Biomechanics 14(3):276–291 (1998), Eq. 14 and Appendix I; doi 10.1123/jab.14.3.276. collections.lib.utah.edu. Retrieved September 23, 2026.
29. Tengattini, S. and Bigazzi, A. Y. Physical characteristics and resistance parameters of typical urban cyclists. Journal of Sports Sciences 36(20):2383–2391 (2018), Table 4 (drag area by bicycle type); doi 10.1080/02640414.2018.1458587. civil-reactlab.sites.olt.ubc.ca. Retrieved September 23, 2026.
30. Arango, I., Lopez, C. and Ceren, A. Improving the Autonomy of a Mid-Drive Motor Electric Bicycle Based on System Efficiency Maps and Its Performance. World Electric Vehicle Journal 12(2):59 (2021), Eq. (40); doi 10.3390/wevj12020059. mdpi-res.com. Retrieved September 23, 2026.
31. Marsh, A. P. and Martin, P. E. Effect of cycling experience, aerobic power, and power output on preferred and most economical cycling cadences. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 29(9):1225–1232 (1997); doi 10.1097/00005768-199709000-00016. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Abstract retrieved September 30, 2026 through NCBI E-utilities; deposit copy archived.
32. Bicycle Rolling Resistance. Fat-bike tire tests (ten 26 × 4.00 tires on the drum at 12 psi). bicyclerollingresistance.com. Retrieved September 25, 2026; deposit copy archived.
33. Kollmeyer, P. et al. LG 18650HG2 Li-ion Battery Data. Mendeley Data v2, McMaster University; doi 10.17632/b5mj79w5w9.2 (0.5C discharge files, recomputed). doi.org. Retrieved September 23, 2026.
34. Samsung SDI. Specification of Product INR18650-35E, Ver. 1.1 (July 9, 2015), § 7.5 Temperature Dependence of Discharge Capacity. enerpower.de. Retrieved September 23, 2026.
35. Casado, S. et al. Evaluation of commercial Li-Ion 18650 battery cells for deep space applications. Journal of Power Sources 638:236552 (2025), Table 3; doi 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.236552. doi.org. Retrieved September 23, 2026.
36. NOAA, NASA and US Air Force. U.S. Standard Atmosphere, 1976 (NOAA-S/T 76-1562), sea-level pressure and the composition of dry air. ntrs.nasa.gov. Retrieved September 23, 2026.
37. Rothhämel, M. On rolling resistance of bicycle tyres with ambient temperature in focus. International Journal of Vehicle Systems Modelling and Testing 17:67–80 (2023), Tables 1 and 4; doi 10.1504/IJVSMT.2023.132317. inderscience.com. Retrieved September 23, 2026.
38. Sheldon Brown and John Allen (Harris Cyclery). Tire Sizing Systems, the ISO/E.T.R.T.O. chart: "20 x 1.5-20 x 2.125 | 406 mm". sheldonbrown.com. Retrieved September 28, 2026; deposit copy archived.
39. U.S. Army Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center. 2012 Anthropometric Survey of U.S. Army Personnel (ANSUR II), public data release (4,082 men, 1,986 women). army.mil. Retrieved September 25, 2026.
40. Peveler, W., Bishop, P., Smith, J., Richardson, M. and Whitehorn, E. Comparing Methods for Setting Saddle Height in Trained Cyclists. Journal of Exercise Physiology Online 8(1):51–55 (2005). asep.org. Retrieved September 25, 2026.
41. Ferrer-Roca, V., Roig, A., Galilea, P. and García-López, J. Influence of saddle height on lower limb kinematics in well-trained cyclists: static vs. dynamic evaluation in bike fitting. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 26(11):3025–3029 (2012). pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved September 25, 2026.
42. Carahalios, A. An Analysis of the Bicycle-Rider Interface Forces in Stationary Road Cycling. MS thesis, University of Colorado (2015). scholar.colorado.edu. Retrieved September 25, 2026.
43. Clauser, C. E., McConville, J. T. and Young, J. W. Weight, Volume, and Center of Mass of Segments of the Human Body, AMRL-TR-69-70 (1969). ntrs.nasa.gov. Retrieved September 25, 2026.
44. Slane, J., Timmerman, M., Ploeg, H. L. and Thelen, D. G. The influence of glove and hand position on pressure over the ulnar nerve during cycling. Clinical Biomechanics 26(6):642–648 (2011). pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved September 25, 2026.
45. Peveler, W. W., Pounders, J. D. and Bishop, P. A. Effects of saddle height on anaerobic power production in cycling. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 21(4):1023–1027 (2007). pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved September 25, 2026.
46. Redtail eBikes editorial desk. FLASH AWD 1.0 range model. The computation set out in the range section of this review: Martin et al.'s power model with two of Bafang's RM G0H0 curves, each set to Eunorau's 52 V, 750 W and 92 N·m and together fitted to its 20 mph, splitting the torque equally, on a 23.98-inch 20 × 4.0 wheel and the median of ten fat tires, with the FLASH LITE ST's printed 36/18 gear held to Marsh and Martin's 100 rpm; Eunorau's 65, 135 and 220 miles mapped to rides; run September 30, 2026. First-party computation; every input and its source in its inputs table.
47. Redtail eBikes editorial desk. FLASH AWD 1.0 fit model. Every ANSUR II body through the saddle formula at Eunorau's 170 mm crank, and each body's barefoot inseam against Eunorau's printed 33.1-inch seat height and 30.7-inch standover; the same seven geometry rows as the FLASH LITE 2.0, whose square-on photograph reproduced at most two other rows within 3.5% and was not used for any measurement; September 30, 2026. First-party computation; every input and its source in its inputs table.